chap. 3 tissue vocabulary
DESCRIPTION
Histology Tissue Epithelial Tissue Apical surface Basal surface Basement membrane Goblet Cell Gland Secretion Hormone. Connective Tissue Extracellular matrix Ground substance Muscle Tissue Striations Intercalated Disks Nervous Tissue Neuron. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chap. 3 Tissue Vocabulary
1. Histology
2. Tissue
3. Epithelial Tissue
4. Apical surface
5. Basal surface
6. Basement membrane
7. Goblet Cell
8. Gland
9. Secretion
10. Hormone
11. Connective Tissue
12. Extracellular matrix
13. Ground substance
14. Muscle Tissue
15. Striations
16. Intercalated Disks
17. Nervous Tissue
18. Neuron
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• Tissue: groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function
• Four primary tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
• Histology: the study of tissues
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Tissues Foldable– FOUR TYPES OF TISSUES: Epithelial, Connective,
Muscle, Nerve– SUMMARIZE THE FUNCTIONS/ROLE OF EACH– INCLUDE ANY SUBTYPES & LOCATIONS IN THE
BODY– ORIGINAL PICTURES, WORDS, DIAGRAMS – COLORFUL– DESIGNED TO INSTRUCT ANATOMY STUDENTS– 8.5 x 11 inch white, unlined paper; front & back if
needed; one page for each tissue type.
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE• Use 2 separate sides of paper to include all of
these• embryonic tissue: mesenchyme• connective tissue proper
– loose• areolar, adipose, reticular – show examples
– dense (fibrous)• regular, irregular – give an example of each of these
• cartilage– hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage— show examples
• bone• blood
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• NERVOUS TISSUE • MUSCLE TISSUE
Use the book to find pictures and locations of these
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FUNCTIONS OF EPITHELIUM
PROTECTIONABSORPTIONFILTRATIONEXCRETIONSECRETION
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SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS
• Cells fit closely together to form continuous sheets.
• Neighboring cells are bound by desmosomes and tight junctions.
• Always have one free surface, “Apical Surface”• Exposed surface is either slick and smooth or
ciliated.• Lower surface of epithelium rests on top of a
Basement Membrane. • Avascular = No blood supply• Regenerate easily if well nourished
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Epithelial Tissue:
Simple—composed of one cell layer•squamous•cuboidal•columnar•psuedostratified columnar
Stratified—two or more cell layers•squamous•columnar•transitional
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GLANDULAR EPITHELIA
• Gland—one or more cells that make and secrete (export) a product
• Secretion—an aqueous fluid that usually contains proteins; some are lipids or steroid-rich
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Endocrine glands—internal secretion• ductless, secrete hormones: first into extracellular
space then enter blood or lymphatic fluid• structurally diverse• examples: pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, gonads
Exocrine glands—external and internal secretion• more numerous, bound to ducts and secretions
empty into ducts. • examples: sweat, mucous (goblet cells), liver,
pancreas, oil, salivary
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simple columnar simple cuboidal
simple squamouspsuedostratified columnar
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simple squamous
simple cuboidal
stratified squamous
simple columnarpsuedostratified columnar
stratified cuboidal transitional epithelium
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CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• Most abundant & widely distributed tissue
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• BINDING & SUPPORT
• PROTECTION
• INSULATION
• TRANSPORTATION
CONNECTIVE TISSUE FUNCTIONS
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Common Characteristics of Connective Tissue
• Arise from the mesenchyme (an embryonic tissue)
• Variations in blood supply: cartilage is avascular (no blood), Tendons and Ligaments (poor amounts of blood)—other types have rich supply of blood
• Extracellular matrix: most connective tissue is nonliving and made up of different types of cells
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structural elements of connective tissue• ground substance: unstructured materials between
cells; holds large amounts of fluid– interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, proteoglycans– provides a medium for diffusion of nutrients between
capillaries & connective tissue cells
• fibers– collagen, elastic, reticular fibers
• cells (-blast: forming cells –cyte: mature cells)– fibroblast, chondroblast, osteoblast, hematopoietic stem
cell– other cell types (macrophage, mast)
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Connective Tissue Types
• Embryonic Tissue: mesenchyme• Loose Connective Tissue
– areolar, adipose, reticular
• Dense (fibrous) Connective Tissue– regular, irregular
• Cartilage– hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
• Bone• Blood
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• Functions– cushions organs– inflammation– macrophage site– hold, convey tissue
fluid
• Locations– under epithelia– lamina propria of
mucous membranes– around organs– surround capillaries
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• Functions– muscles to bone– bone to bone– withstands tensile
stress
• Locations– tendons– most ligaments– aponeuroses
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• Functions– supports, reinforces– resists compression– resilient cushioning
• Locations– end of long bones– ribs– nose– trachea, larynx
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Nervous Tissue
• neurons
• supporting cells
Muscle Tissue
• skeletal
• smooth
• cardiac
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Muscle Tissue
Skeletal Muscle:•Has obvious Striations
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Muscle Tissue
Cardiac Muscle
•Has Intercalated Discs
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Muscle Tissue
Smooth Muscle•Cells are pointy on each end
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Nerve Tissue