Chap 5: Community Organization/ Building and Health Promotion

Anita Sego

Spring, 2005

Chap 5: Community Organization

Chapter Objectives

• Define community organizing.

• Identify the assumptions that underlie the process of community organization.

• Briefly explain the difference between locality development, social planning, and social action approaches to community organization.

• List the steps for a generalized model for community organizing/building

Chap 5: Community Organization

Chapter Objectives

• Explain what is meant by community building.

• Explain the difference between health education and health promotion.

• State and summarize the steps involved in creating a health promotion program.

• Define the term needs assessment.

Chap 5: Community Organization

Chapter Objectives

• Briefly explain the six steps used in assessing needs.

• Explain the difference between goals and objectives.

• List the different type of intervention strategies.

• Explain the purposes of pilot testing in program development.

• State the difference between formative and summative evaluation.

Chap 5: Community Organization

Definition

• Community organizing– “a process through which communities are

helped to identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and in other ways develop and implement strategies for reaching their goals they have collectively set.”

Chap 5: Community Organization

Assumptions of Community Organization1. Communities of people can develop the

capacity to deal with their own problems.

2. People want to change and can change.

3. People should participate in making, adjusting, or controlling the major changes taking place in their communities.

4. Changes in community living, which are self-imposed or self-developed have a meaning and permanence that imposed changes do not have.

Chap 5: Community Organization

Assumptions of Community Organization5. A ‘holistic approach’ can deal successfully with

problems with which a ‘fragmented approach’ cannot cope.

6. Democracy requires cooperative participation & action in the affairs of the community, & people must learn the skills which make this possible.

7. Frequently, communities of people need help in organizing to deal with their needs, just as many individuals require help with individual problems.

Chap 5: Community Organization

Community Organizing Methods• Locality development

– is a broad self-help method in which local citizens develop new skills and become more self-sufficient.

• Social planning– utilizes skilled volunteers in the community in a

technical process of problem solving.

• Social action– is a technique that involves the redistribution of power

and resources to disadvantaged segments of the population.

Chap 5: Community Organization

Process for Organizing a Community

Recognizing the problem

Making entry into the community

Organizing the people

Assessing the community

Determining priorities & setting goals

Selecting a solution to the problem

Chap 5: Community Organization

The Final 4 Steps

Evaluating

ImplementingImplementing

MaintainingMaintaining

Looping back

Chap 5: Community Organization

Creating a Health Promotion Program

Assessing needs

Identifying the

problem

Setting goals

& Objectives

Developing an

Intervention

Implementingthe

Intervention

Evaluatingthe results

A Generalized Model for Program Planning

Chap 5: Community Organization

Creating a Health Promotion/ Disease Prevention Program - Overview

• Assessing the needs

• Identifying the problem(s)

• Setting goals and objectives

• Developing an intervention

• Implementing the intervention

• Evaluating the results

Chap 5: Community Organization

Assessing the Needs

Determine the purpose & scope

Gathering dataGathering data

Analyzing the dataAnalyzing the data

Identifying factors linked to the health problemIdentifying factors linked to the health problem

Identifying the program focusIdentifying the program focus

Validating the prioritized needValidating the prioritized need

Chap 5: Community Organization

Creating a Health Promotion/ Disease Prevention Program - Overview

• Assessing the needs

• Setting goals and objectives– goal is a future event toward which an endeavor is

directed– objectives are steps taken in pursuit of a goal

• Developing an intervention– designing activities that meet your objectives

• Implementing the intervention– putting into practice

• Evaluating the results

Chap 5: Community Organization

Evaluating the results

Chap 5: Community Organization

Evaluating the results

Planning the evaluation

Chap 5: Community Organization

Evaluating the results

Planning the evaluation

Collecting the data

Chap 5: Community Organization

Evaluating the results

Planning the evaluation

Collecting the data

Analyzing the data

Chap 5: Community Organization

Evaluating the results

Planning the evaluation

Collecting the data

Analyzing the data

Reporting results

Chap 5: Community Organization

Evaluating the results

Planning the evaluation

Collecting the data

Analyzing the data

Reporting results

Applying the results

Chap 5: Community Organization

Chapter 5Chapter 5

Community Organization andCommunity Organization andHealth Promotion Planning: Health Promotion Planning:

Two Important Two Important Tools Of Community HealthTools Of Community Health