chapel hill high school island project water: the essential ingredient & thoughts for...
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CHAPEL HILL HIGH SCHOOLCHAPEL HILL HIGH SCHOOLISLAND PROJECTISLAND PROJECT
Water:Water: The Essential Ingredient
&
Thoughts for Sustainability
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Respect the Nature of WaterRespect the Nature of Water
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Looking at Water as a Looking at Water as a ResourceResource
DrinkingWashing and BathingRecreation & TourismWildlife & Plant Life
Agriculture and IndustryTransportation
Energy ProductionHeatingCooling
Trading or selling©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Can Water Be a Liability Can Water Be a Liability For Your Island?For Your Island?
• Severe weather deaths• Flooding & storm damage• Drought may limit water availability• Pollution or improper treatment• Attracts too many people-resources
compromised• Rising sea levels
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Take a Watershed ApproachTake a Watershed ApproachDelineate your watersheds
and sub-basins for planning and management
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Environmental InventoryEnvironmental Inventory
– Map waterways and natural springs – Map sub-basin watersheds– Identify and map endangered species– Identify and map sensitive species or
areas– Map soil types– Measure and map slopes/elevations
(contour map)
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Land ConservationLand Conservation
• Critical habitats (essential spaces for
plant and animal communities)
• Aquatic corridors (floodplains, stream
channels, springs, estuarine coves, shorelines, riparian forest, caves, sinkholes)
• Hydrologic reserves (undeveloped
areas that act to store water)
• Cultural areas (historic/archaeological
sites, scenic areas, recreational areas)
• Water pollution hazards (land
use that has potential for polluting water)
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Non-Stormwater Discharges Non-Stormwater Discharges
• Septic Systems/Sanitary Sewers• Industrial leaks, runoff or discharges• Salt from desalinization operations• Concentrated animal feeding
operations (CAFOs)• Dumping
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Without buffers-Without buffers-Erosion & Stream DamageErosion & Stream Damage
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Aquatic BuffersAquatic BuffersSlow & Filter Runoff, Shade Streams, Slow & Filter Runoff, Shade Streams,
Stabilize BanksStabilize Banks
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Illustration of multi-species riparian buffer strip (Source: National Agroforestry Center, 2000).
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division EPA File
Impervious Surfaces Affect Impervious Surfaces Affect Water Quality & FloodingWater Quality & Flooding
Impervious cover may need limitsImpervious cover may need limits
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Impervious cover over 10% Impervious cover over 10% degrades environmentdegrades environment
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Erosion & Sediment Erosion & Sediment ControlControl
• Perhaps the most destructive stage of the development cycle is the relatively short period when vegetation is cleared and a site is graded in preparation to build.
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Poor Erosion Control at Poor Erosion Control at Construction SiteConstruction Site
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Terracing to use slopes; Terracing to use slopes; prevent erosionprevent erosion
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
httpwww.worldisround.comarticles25788photo27.html
Terracing to use slopes; Terracing to use slopes; prevent erosionprevent erosion
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Street Infiltration for RunoffStreet Infiltration for Runoff
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management DivisionPhoto by LID Center
Bioretention CellBioretention Cell
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Rain GardensRain Gardens
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Photo by NC DENR
Roof Drain Roof Drain Disconnection/DiversionDisconnection/Diversion
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Photo by Rain Water Solutions
CisternsCisterns
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Wet PondsWet Ponds
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Permeable PavementPermeable Pavement
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Green RoofsGreen Roofs
Photo by Greenroofs.com
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
SwalesSwales
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Sand FiltersSand Filters
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Street Sweeping & Surface Street Sweeping & Surface Maintenance Maintenance
Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
Watershed Stewardship Watershed Stewardship • Educate residents and visitors about
clean water• Provide easy to follow rules and tools
to protect water resources (no littering, tree protection rules, septic tank pump out required every 3-5 years, development rules, etc.)
• Promote water conservation and clean water activities
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division
How Can You Mitigate Damage How Can You Mitigate Damage to Your Island?to Your Island?
• Inventory natural resources and know what you want to protect & how.
• Know Slopes, Elevations and Soils. Map them!
• Follow strict construction BMPs.
• Develop for most severe weather conditions.
• Mitigate flooding hazards.
• Identify potential pollution sources.
• Mitigate runoff pollution.
• Choose water treatment processes carefully.
• Control visitation if necessary.
• Educate all workers, residents and visitors about water resources & best management practices.
©Town of Chapel Hill Stormwater Management Division