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Your Interactive Guide to the Digital WorldDiscovering Computers 20121Objectives OverviewDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 12See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives2Objectives OverviewDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 13See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives3A World of ComputersComputers are everywhereDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 14Pages 4 - 5 Figure 1-1

4What is Computer Literacy?Also known as digital literacyInvolves having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.Because the requirements that determine computer literacy change as technology changes, you must keep up with these changes to remain computer literate.5Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1What Is a Computer?A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memoryDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 16Page 6Information Processing Cycle6Information Processing CycleComputers:Process data (input) into information (output)Carry out processes using instructionsInstructions steps that tell the computer how to perform a particular taskA collection of related instructions organized for a common purpose is referred to as software.Store for future use7Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1What Is a Computer?Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 18Page 6 Figure 1-2

Data is a collection of unprocessed items (text, numbers, images, audio and video)

Information conveys meaning and is useful to people 8The Components of a ComputerA computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardwareDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 19Pages 6 - 89The Components of a ComputerDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 110Page 7 Figure 1-3

10Advantages and Disadvantages of Using ComputersAdvantages of Using ComputersDisadvantages of Using ComputersDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 111Pages 9 - 1011Advantages and Disadvantages of Using ComputersGreen computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computerStrategies include:RecyclingRegulating manufacturing processesExtending the life of computersImmediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computersDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 112Page 1012Networks and the InternetA network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission mediaDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 113Pages 10 - 11 Figure 1-6

13Networks and the InternetNetworks allow computers to:Share resources such as hardware, software, data and informationSharing resources saves time and moneyOne or more computers act as a serverControls access to the resources on a networkMostly are clients or workstationRequest resources from the server

14Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Networks and the InternetThe Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individualsDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 115Page 11 Figure 1-7

15Networks and the InternetPeople use the Internet for a variety of reasons:Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 116Pages 12 - 13 Figure 1-816Networks and the InternetA social networking Web site encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered usersDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 117Page 14 Figure 1-9

17Computer SoftwareSoftware, also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform themYou interact with a program through its user interfaceControls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen.Software today often has a graphical user interface (GUI pronounced gooey)Contains text, graphics and visual images such as iconsIcon is a miniature image that represents a program, an instruction or some other object

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 118Pages 15 - 16Figures 1-10 - 1-1118Computer Software19Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1System Software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devicesServes as an interface between the user, the application software and the computers hardwareOperating System a set of programs that coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devicesIt provides a means for users to communicate with the computer and other software.Utility program allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs.Computer SoftwareApplication SoftwareConsists of program designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasksIncludes web browser, word processing software, spreadsheet software, database software and presentation software.20Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Computer SoftwareInstalling is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardwareDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 121Pages 16 - 17 Figure 1-12

21Computer SoftwareA programmer develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into informationProgramming languages include C++, Java, JavaScript, Visual C# and Visual BasicDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 122Page 18 Figure 1-13

22Categories of ComputersDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 123Page 1923Personal ComputersA personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itselfTwo popular architectures are the PC and the AppleDesktop computerDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 124Pages 19 - 20 Figures 1-15 - 1-16

24Mobile Computers and Mobile DevicesDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 125Pages 20 - 2325Game ConsolesA game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video gamesDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 126Page 24 Figure 1-24

26ServersA server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a networkProvides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and informationDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 127Page 25 Figure 1-25

27MainframesA mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously

Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 128Page 25 Figure 1-2628SupercomputersA supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computerFastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single secondDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 129Page 25 Figure 1-27

29Embedded ComputersAn embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger productDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 130Page 2630Embedded ComputersDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 131Page 26 Figure 1-28

31Elements of an Information SystemDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 132Page 2732Elements of an Information SystemDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 133Page 27 Figure 1-29

33Examples of Computer UsageDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 134Pages 28 31Figures 1-30 1-3234Examples of Computer UsageDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 135Pages 31 32Figures 1-33 1-3435Computer Applications in SocietyDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 136Pages 34 - 36 Figures 1-36 1-3936Computer Applications in SocietyDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 137Pages 36 - 38Figures 1-40 1-4337