chapter 1 and 21 review

Environmental Science Review Chapter 1 and 21

1

Chapter 1 and 21 Review

2012


2

Raised awareness of toxic pesticides with the book Silent Springs, 1962

Hardin

Goodall M

uir

Carson

Hamilton

20% 20% 20%20%20%1. Hardin2. Goodall3. Muir4. Carson5. Hamilton

10


3

Best known for his 1968 essay “The Tragedy of the Commons”

Hardin

Goodall M

uir

Carson

Hamilton

20% 20% 20%20%20%

1. Hardin2. Goodall3. Muir4. Carson5. Hamilton

10


4

Studied chimpanzees and raised awareness of several endangered species and primate behavior

Hardin

Goodall M

uir

Carson

Hamilton


10


5

1st to identify diseases caused by working with chemicals (lead to gasoline)

Hardin

Goodall M

uir

Carson

Hamilton


10


6

Was an inventor who went blind working in his factory and vowed if he regain he eyesight back he would spend his life devoting to Gods work

rather than mans. Founded the Sierra Club

Hardin

Goodall M

uir

Carson

Hamilton

20% 20% 20%20%20%

1. Hardin2. Goodall3. Muir4. Carson5. Hamilton

10


7

An event that demonstrated the need for new soil conservation practices and policies was when

the Grand Cany..

.

there w

as wide...

Abraham Lin

col...

U.S. delegates..

.

25% 25%25%25%

1. the Grand Canyon was damaged by erosion.

2. there was widespread drought and soil erosion in the 1930s.

3. Abraham Lincoln was elected President.

4. U.S. delegates signed the Kyoto treaty. 10


8

Paul Ehrlich warned of the dangers of

toxic

chemica

l...

ocean pollu

tio...

over-populatio...

chim

panzees.

25% 25%25%25%

1. toxic chemicals.2. ocean pollution.3. over-population.4. chimpanzees.

10


9

Why didn’t the United States sign the Kyoto Protocol?

The United St

a...

The term

s of t.

..

It was c

onside...

The United St

a...

25% 25%25%25%1. The United States was not part of

treaty negotiations.2. The terms of the treaty were

considered too weak.3. It was considered costly and

contained inconsistent requirements for different nations.

4. The United States does not contribute to global warming.

10


10

Solutions to environmental problems require

indivi

dual act.

..

the co

operatio...

a basis in

sci...

All of t

he abo...

25% 25%25%25%

1. individual action.2. the cooperation of many

people.3. a basis in scientific

methods and knowledge.4. All of the above

10


11

If you wanted to protest the development of a shopping plaza over a wetland you should contact

loca

l gove

rnme...

United Stat

es ...

state

represen...

Congressional ..

.

25% 25%25%25%1. local government.2. United States Senator.3. state representative.4. Congressional

Representative.

10


12

A government restricts the production of a certain chemical. This is an example of a(n)

economic f

ailu...

marketing ploy...

economic i

ncen...

regulation.

25% 25%25%25%1. economic failure.2. marketing ploy.3. economic incentive.4. regulation.

10


13

A government offers low-interest loans to people who build solar homes. This is an example of a(n)

economic f

ailu...

marketing ploy...

economic i

ncen...

Regulation.

25% 25%25%25%

1. economic failure.2. marketing ploy.3. economic incentive.4. Regulation.

10


14

Which of these planned projects would not need to file an EIS with the federal government?

building a

new...

building a

dog...

building a

new...

building a

new...

25% 25%25%25%

1. building a new airport2. building a dog house on

your property3. building a new highway4. building a new dam

10


15

An organized attempt to influence the decisions of lawmakers is called

inform

ing.

lobbying.

coerci

ng.

debating.

25% 25%25%25%1. informing.2. lobbying.3. coercing.4. debating.

10


16

Which of the following issues prevents or hinders efforts to achieve sustainability?

who w

ill so

lve...

who is

respons..

.

who pays

the c..

.

All of t

he abo...

25% 25%25%25%

1. who will solve environmental problems

2. who is responsible for environmental problems

3. who pays the costs of implementing solutions

4. All of the above

10


17

The term “biodiversity” refers to

The number of ..

.

The number and...

The number and...

The number and...

25% 25%25%25%

1. The number of species living on Earth.

2. The number and variety of species living on Earth.

3. The number and variety of species that are considered renewable.

4. The number and variety of species that live in an area. 10


18

Hardin’s “Tragedy of the Commons” essay addresses the conflicts associated with what environmental challenge?

preventing pollu

tion

curbing o

verpopulation

preserving biodiversity

protecti

ng share

d reso

u...

25% 25%25%25%1. preventing pollution2. curbing overpopulation3. preserving biodiversity4. protecting shared

resources

10


19

Listing both the merits and expenses involved in implementing a particular environmental solution is an example of a(n)

cost-

benefit a...

ecologic

al foo...

risk a

ssessm

en...

market e

quilib...

25% 25%25%25%

1. cost-benefit analysis.

2. ecological footprint.3. risk assessment.4. market equilibrium.

10


20

Why do people lobby?

to negotiate tr

eaties

to avoid vo

ting

to in

fluence go

vern

ment..

None of the above

25% 25%25%25%

1. to negotiate treaties2. to avoid voting3. to influence

governmental policies4. None of the above

10


21

Most of today’s environmental problems began during which period(s) in human history?

hunter

-gathe

re...

industr

ial rev...

agric

ultural r.

..

mech

anical re

v...

25% 25%25%25%1. hunter-gatherer period2. industrial revolution3. agricultural revolution4. mechanical revolution

10


22

Which of the following is a developing nation?

the Unite

d Sta...

Canada

France

Ethiopia

25% 25%25%25%

1. the United States2. Canada3. France4. Ethiopia

10


23

Compared to developing nations, developed nations have

lower h

ealth s..

.

greater p

erson...

faste

r-growing...

higher health

...

25% 25%25%25%

1. lower health standards.2. greater personal wealth.3. faster-growing

populations.4. higher health standards.

10


24

An ecological footprint is the

mark a

person’s s

hoe m...

number of a

nimals a

pe...

amount o

f land and oce..

number of t

rees p

eople ...

25% 25%25%25%1. mark a person’s shoe makes in soft earth.

2. number of animals a person has killed.

3. amount of land and ocean area needed to support one person.

4. number of trees people cut down. 10


25

Using economic considerations of resource use, the law of supply and demand describes

the availa

bili...

the re

lationsh...

the w

orth of n

...

reduced demand...

25% 25%25%25%

1. the availability of abundant resources.

2. the relationship between the availability and the worth of resources.

3. the worth of nonrenewable resources.

4. reduced demand resulting from a lack of available resources.

10


26

According to the law of supply and demand, what would occur if the supply of oil increase and cars no longer required gas

oil pric

es wou...

Car pric

es wou...

oil pric

es wou...

Car pric

es wou...

25% 25%25%25%1. oil prices would drop2. Car prices would decrease3. oil prices would increase4. Car prices would increase

10


27

An ideal sustainable world would be characterized by the

preservation o...

invention of s

...

maxim

um exploi...

indefinite

exi...

25% 25%25%25%

1. preservation of rare animals by relocation from natural habitats to laboratories.

2. invention of safer storage facilities for increased amounts of toxic wastes.

3. maximum exploitation of natural resources using more advanced technologies.

4. indefinite existence of human populations in a healthy and prosperous condition.

10


28

The “Tragedy of the Commons” describes the conflict between

developing a

nd...

indivi

duals a

n...

farm

ers and in

...

Canad

a and M

ex...

25% 25%25%25%

1. developing and developed nations.

2. individuals and society.3. farmers and industrialized

society.4. Canada and Mexico.

10


29

Which country is most likely to have either a stabilized or a slowly growing population? (developed)

India

Mexic

o

Canada

Pakistan

25% 25%25%25%

1. India2. Mexico3. Canada4. Pakistan

10


30

During the agricultural revolution,

plants and ani...

fossi

l fuel u

s...

human populati...

None of the ab...

25% 25%25%25%

1. plants and animals were domesticated.

2. fossil fuel use increased.3. human populations decreased

due to disease.4. None of the above

10


31

Why is the world’s loss of biodiversity a source of concern?

Humans depend ...

Specie

s exti

nc...

Loss

of biodiv...

None of the ab...

25% 25%25%25%

1. Humans depend upon other organisms for food and oxygen.

2. Species extinctions have been rare throughout history.

3. Loss of biodiversity is not a concern because extinctions are common.

4. None of the above 10


32

Using scientific information from chemistry and biology to devise a plan to clean up a lake and make it healthy again describes

ecology

.

earth sc

ience.

environmental ..

.

socia

l science

...

25% 25%25%25%1. ecology.2. earth science.3. environmental

science.4. social science.

10


33

The _____ was not a direct result of the Industrial Revolution.

overhunting of...

improved quali..

.

shift in

the u...

growth

of citi...

25% 25%25%25%1. overhunting of large

mammals2. improved quality of life3. shift in the use of fossil fuels4. growth of cities

10


34

During the _____ period(s), humans altered their habitats.

hunter-gathere...

Industr

ial Rev..

.

agricu

ltural r.

..

All of t

he abo...

25% 25%25%25%1. hunter-gatherer2. Industrial Revolution3. agricultural

revolution4. All of the above

10

chapter 1 and 21 review

Documents

environmental problemswho

economic failure

economic incentive

united states senator

new dam

new highwaybuilding

new airportbuilding

local government