chapter 1 and module a the information age in which you live: changing the face of business &...

CHAPTER 1 and MODULE ACHAPTER 1 and MODULE A

The Information Age The Information Age in Which You Live:in Which You Live:

Changing the Face of BusinessChanging the Face of Business&&

Computer Hardware and SoftwareComputer Hardware and Software

Why do we need to Study Why do we need to Study MIS?MIS?

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Information ageInformation age

Knowledge workerKnowledge worker

Outnumber all other types of workers Outnumber all other types of workers at least four-to-oneat least four-to-one

IS YOUR SOCIAL SECURITY IS YOUR SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER WORTH $98?NUMBER WORTH $98?

Information technology has greatly Information technology has greatly accelerated both the “good” and the “bad”accelerated both the “good” and the “bad”

IT can be used to increase profit, reduce IT can be used to increase profit, reduce costs, increase service quality, and benefit costs, increase service quality, and benefit societysociety

IT can also be used to steal your personal IT can also be used to steal your personal information, commit fraudulent acts, etcinformation, commit fraudulent acts, etc

Many sites on the Web are – right now – Many sites on the Web are – right now – selling your personal informationselling your personal information

What Your Personal What Your Personal Information Is Worth?Information Is Worth?

$490 – credit card number and PIN$490 – credit card number and PIN $147 – driver’s license number$147 – driver’s license number $147 – birth certificate$147 – birth certificate $6 – PayPal logon and password$6 – PayPal logon and password $78-$294 – billing data including $78-$294 – billing data including

account number, address, birth account number, address, birth date, etcdate, etc

Business Business MustMust Drive Drive TechnologyTechnology


You live in a digital ageYou live in a digital age Average American relies on more than 250 Average American relies on more than 250

computers per daycomputers per day 45 of the 2008 45 of the 2008 Fortune 500 Fortune 500 companies were companies were

IT companiesIT companies

MISMIS – Management Information Systems– Management Information Systems


TelecommutingTelecommuting

TelecommutingTelecommuting

Advantages?Advantages? Disadvantages?Disadvantages?

Who can telecommute?Who can telecommute? Who cannot telecommute?Who cannot telecommute?

Three Key ResourcesThree Key Resources

1.1. InformationInformation

2.2. PeoplePeople

3.3. Information TechnologyInformation Technology

Information ResourceInformation Resource

Intellectual asset hierarchy – data, Intellectual asset hierarchy – data, information, business intelligence, information, business intelligence, knowledgeknowledge

DataData InformationInformation Business Intelligence (BI)Business Intelligence (BI) KnowledgeKnowledge


Your age – a piece of data

Information is often aggregated data that has meaning such as average age, youngest and oldest customer, and a histogram of customer ages


Business intelligence (BI)Business intelligence (BI) – collective – collective information about…information about…

CustomersCustomers CompetitorsCompetitors Business partnersBusiness partners Competitive environmentCompetitive environment

BI can help you make important, strategic BI can help you make important, strategic decisionsdecisions


BI often combines multiple sets of information – customers, salespeople, and purchases in this case.


KnowledgeKnowledge – broad term that can – broad term that can describe many things…describe many things…

1.1. Contextual explanation for business Contextual explanation for business intelligenceintelligence

2.2. Actions to take to affect business Actions to take to affect business intelligenceintelligence

3.3. Intellectual assets such as patents and Intellectual assets such as patents and trademarkstrademarks

4.4. Organizational know-how for things such Organizational know-how for things such as best practicesas best practices

Information Resource – Information Resource – Quality AttributesQuality Attributes

TimelinessTimeliness When you need itWhen you need it Describing the right time periodDescribing the right time period

Location (no matter where you are)Location (no matter where you are) Form (audio, text, animation, etc)Form (audio, text, animation, etc) Validity (credibility)Validity (credibility)

Information Resource – Information Resource – Organizational PerspectiveOrganizational Perspective

Organizational Dimensions Organizational Dimensions of Informationof Information

Information flowsInformation flows UpwardUpward

DownwardDownward

Horizontal Horizontal

Outward/InwardOutward/Inward


Information granularityInformation granularity – extent – extent of detail within the informationof detail within the information Lower organizational levels?Lower organizational levels? Higher organizational levels?Higher organizational levels?


InternalInternal

ExternalExternal

ObjectiveObjective

SubjectiveSubjective

People ResourcePeople Resource

People are the most important People are the most important resource in any organization, with a resource in any organization, with a focus onfocus on

Technology literacyTechnology literacy Information literacyInformation literacy Ethical responsibilitiesEthical responsibilities

People ResourcePeople Resource

Technology-literate knowledge worker Technology-literate knowledge worker – knows how and when to apply technology– knows how and when to apply technology

Information-literate knowledge workerInformation-literate knowledge worker Can define information needsCan define information needs Knows how and where to obtain informationKnows how and where to obtain information Understands informationUnderstands information Acts appropriately based on informationActs appropriately based on information

EthicsEthics – principles and standards that guide – principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other peopleour behavior toward other people

People Resource - EthicsPeople Resource - Ethics

You always want your actions to fall in Quadrant I – both ethical and legal.

Information Technology Information Technology ResourceResource

Information technology (IT)Information technology (IT)

Two categories of technologyTwo categories of technology HardwareHardware SoftwareSoftware

Information Technology – Information Technology – Hardware and SoftwareHardware and Software

Information Technology – Information Technology – Hardware Hardware

1.1. Input deviceInput device

2.2. Output deviceOutput device

3.3. Storage deviceStorage device

4.4. CPUCPU

5.5. Telecommunications device Telecommunications device

6.6. Connecting devicesConnecting devices

Six Categories of Six Categories of HardwareHardware

Keyboard (input)

CDs (storage)Video card (connecting)

CPUCable modem (telecommunications)

Monitor (output)

APPA-27

Information Technology – Information Technology – SoftwareSoftware

Two types of software:Two types of software:

1.1. Application softwareApplication software

2.2. System software System software Operating system softwareOperating system software Utility softwareUtility software

Common Input DevicesCommon Input Devices

Common Output DevicesCommon Output Devices

Common Storage DevicesCommon Storage Devices

Dinosaurs

Connectors and PortsConnectors and Ports

Decentralized Computing, Decentralized Computing, Share Information, & Mobile Share Information, & Mobile

ComputingComputing

Decentralized ComputingDecentralized Computing

Decentralized computingDecentralized computing – an – an environment in which an environment in which an organization distributes computing organization distributes computing power and locates it in functional power and locates it in functional business areas as well as on the business areas as well as on the desktops of knowledge workersdesktops of knowledge workers

Shared InformationShared Information

Shared informationShared information – an – an environment in which an environment in which an organization’s information is organization’s information is organized in one or more central organized in one or more central locations, allowing anyone to access locations, allowing anyone to access and use it as he or she needs toand use it as he or she needs to

Necessary because businesses are Necessary because businesses are greatly internally integrated todaygreatly internally integrated today

Mobile ComputingMobile Computing

Mobile computingMobile computing – broad general – broad general term describing your ability to use term describing your ability to use technology to wirelessly connect to technology to wirelessly connect to and use centrally located information and use centrally located information and/or application softwareand/or application software

IT SYSTEMS IN SUPPORT OF IT SYSTEMS IN SUPPORT OF BUSINESSBUSINESS

Competitive advantageCompetitive advantage

Use technology forUse technology for Operational excellenceOperational excellence Major business initiativesMajor business initiatives Decision makingDecision making Organizational transformationOrganizational transformation

Systems SupportSystems Support

Online transaction processing Online transaction processing (OLTP)(OLTP)

Online analytical processing Online analytical processing (OLAP)(OLAP)

SystemsSystems Transaction processing system Transaction processing system

(TPS)(TPS)

Customer self-service systemCustomer self-service system OR OR Customer Integrated SystemCustomer Integrated System

SystemsSystems

Management Information SystemManagement Information System

Types of ReportsTypes of Reports PeriodicPeriodic SummarizedSummarized ExceptionException ComparativeComparative Ad hocAd hoc

SystemsSystems

Collaboration SystemCollaboration System OR Workgroup OR Workgroup Support SystemSupport System

GroupwareGroupware Team dynamicsTeam dynamics

Group scheduling softwareGroup scheduling software Electronic meeting softwareElectronic meeting software Videoconferencing softwareVideoconferencing software Whiteboard softwareWhiteboard software

Document managementDocument management Applications developmentApplications development

SystemsSystems

Decision Support SystemDecision Support System

Artificial IntelligenceArtificial Intelligence

Executive information system (EIS)Executive information system (EIS)

Executive Information Executive Information System (EIS)System (EIS)

3-3-4444Management Information Management Information

Systems for the Information AgeSystems for the Information Age

Copyright 2004Copyright 2004The McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Companies, Inc.

All rights reservedAll rights reserved

In Class Team AssignmentIn Class Team Assignment

Fresh out of college, our first job is working for the Fresh out of college, our first job is working for the Alfredson’s grocery food store chain at their Alfredson’s grocery food store chain at their headquarters. As marketing analyst, we are asked headquarters. As marketing analyst, we are asked to determine what is the best way to position the to determine what is the best way to position the different cereal items on their shelves, so as to different cereal items on their shelves, so as to maximize revenue (to maximize revenue, we maximize revenue (to maximize revenue, we would like to sell expensive cereals more than would like to sell expensive cereals more than cheap ones, and we would also like to increase the cheap ones, and we would also like to increase the overall amount of cereal bought by the public).overall amount of cereal bought by the public).

What items of information would we need to track, What items of information would we need to track, and for how long, to determine cereal positioning and for how long, to determine cereal positioning strategies?strategies?

chapter 1 and module a the information age in which you live: changing the face of business &...

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