chapter 1 lesson 2. aristotle (384 bc- 322 bc) greek philosopher classified based on two groups ...

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CLASSIFYING ORGANISMS Chapter 1 Lesson 2

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 Swedish botanist and physician  Classified based on similar structure  He had two main groups called kingdoms

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Page 1: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

CLASSIFYING ORGANISMSChapter 1 Lesson 2

Page 2: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

CLASSIFYING LIVING THINGS Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)

Greek Philosopher Classified based on two groups Plants and Animals Classified by the structure and size of an

organism

Page 3: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

LINNAEUS AND CLASSIFICATION Swedish botanist and physician Classified based on similar structure He had two main groups called

kingdoms

Page 4: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

ROBERT WHITTAKER 1969 Proposed the five kingdom system Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, Monera,

Protista

Page 5: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

DETERMINING DOMAINS Classification system is still changing Systematics is the way scientist do it. They use the organisms:

Cell type Habitat Way it obtains energy Structure DNA structure Function of the organism

Page 6: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

DOMAINS CONT Using systematics, scientists identified

two different major groups of bacteria Archaea- (Ar kee uh) Bacteria These two groups became two domains. The last domain is Eukarya

Page 7: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE Linnaeus developed a two name

system It is still called binomial nomenclature The two names are the genus and the

species name. Genus- a group of similar species Species- a group of similar organisms

with similar traits that can produce fertile offspring

Page 8: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

ORGANISMS NAMES

Page 9: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

USES OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES Several common names for one

organism Several common names for many

species- for example- bird could be cardinal or it could be chickadee

Scientific names are the same worldwide

Communication is easier because everyone uses the scientific name.

Page 10: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

CLASSIFICATION TOOLS

Dichtomous keys Cladograms

Page 11: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

DICHOTOMOUS KEY Is a series of descriptions arranged in

pairs that lead a person to the identification of the organism

Page 12: Chapter 1 Lesson 2.  Aristotle (384 BC- 322 BC)  Greek Philosopher  Classified based on two groups  Plants and Animals  Classified by the structure

CLADOGRAM Like a family tree A cladogram is branched diagram that

shows the relationships among organisms including common ancestors.