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SC EVIDENCE HANDBOOK ANNOTATED 14TH i

CCHHAAPPTTEERR 11 -- SSOOUUTTHH CCAARROOLLIINNAA RRUULLEESS OOFF EEVVIIDDEENNCCEE ...................................................................... 11ARTICLE I. GENERAL PROVISIONS ................................................................................................... 1

Rule 101. Scope .............................................................................................................................................. 1Rule 102. Purpose and Construction ........................................................................................................ 2Rule 103. Rulings on Evidence ................................................................................................................... 2

(a) Effect of erroneous ruling. .................................................................................................................. 2(1) Objection. ............................................................................................................................................. 2(2) Offer of proof. ...................................................................................................................................... 2(b) Record of offer and ruling. ................................................................................................................. 2(c) Hearing of jury. .................................................................................................................................... 3

Rule 104. Preliminary Questions ................................................................................................................ 8(a) Questions of admissibility generally. ............................................................................................... 8(b) Relevancy conditioned on fact. ........................................................................................................ 8(c) Hearing of jury. .................................................................................................................................... 8(d) Testimony by accused. ....................................................................................................................... 9(e) Weight and credibility. ....................................................................................................................... 9

Rule 105. Limited Admissibility .............................................................................................................. 10Rule 106. Remainder of or Related Writings or Statements .............................................................. 11

ARTICLE II. JUDICIAL NOTICE .......................................................................................................... 15Rule 201. Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts ................................................................................... 15

(a) Scope of rule. ..................................................................................................................................... 15(b) Kinds of facts. .................................................................................................................................... 15(c) When discretionary. ......................................................................................................................... 15(d) When mandatory. ............................................................................................................................. 15(e) Opportunity to be heard. ................................................................................................................ 15(f) Time of taking notice. ....................................................................................................................... 15(g) Instructing jury. ................................................................................................................................. 15

ARTICLE III. PRESUMPTIONS IN CIVIL ACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS ....................... 17Rule 301. Presumptions in General in Civil Actions and Proceedings ........................................... 17

ARTICLE IV. RELEVANCY AND ITS LIMITS ................................................................................. 18Rule 401. Definition of “Relevant Evidence” ........................................................................................ 18Rule 402. Relevant Evidence Generally Admissible; Irrelevant Evidence Inadmissible ............. 22Rule 403. Exclusion of Relevant Evidence on Grounds of Prejudice, Confusion, or Waste

of Time ......................................................................................................................................... 24Rule 404. Character Evidence not Admissible to Prove Conduct; Exception; Other

Crimes .......................................................................................................................................... 31(a) Character evidence generally. ........................................................................................................ 31(1) Character of accused. ....................................................................................................................... 32(2) Character of victim. .......................................................................................................................... 32(3) Character of witness. ....................................................................................................................... 32(b) Other crimes, wrongs, or acts. ....................................................................................................... 32

Rule 405. Methods of Proving Character .............................................................................................. 51(a) Reputation or opinion. .................................................................................................................... 51(b) Specific instances of conduct. ........................................................................................................ 51

Rule 406. Habit; Routine Practice .......................................................................................................... 52Rule 407. Subsequent Remedial Measures ........................................................................................... 53

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Rule 408. Compromise and Offers to Compromise ........................................................................... 55Rule 409. Payment of Medical and Similar Expenses ......................................................................... 56Rule 410. Inadmissibility of Pleas, Plea Discussions, and Related Statements .............................. 56Rule 411. Liability Insurance .................................................................................................................... 58Rule 412. Admissibility of Evidence Concerning Victim's Sexual Conduct in Criminal

Sexual Conduct Cases ............................................................................................................... 60ARTICLE V. PRIVILEGES ....................................................................................................................... 61

Rule 501. General Rule .............................................................................................................................. 61ARTICLE VI. WITNESSES ....................................................................................................................... 62

Rule 601. Competency .............................................................................................................................. 62(a) General Rule. ..................................................................................................................................... 62(b) Disqualification of a witness. .......................................................................................................... 62

Rule 602. Lack of Personal Knowledge .................................................................................................. 64Rule 603. Oath or Affirmation ................................................................................................................. 66Rule 604. Interpreters ................................................................................................................................ 66Rule 605. Competency of Judge as Witness .......................................................................................... 66Rule 606. Competency of Juror as Witness ........................................................................................... 67

(a) At the trial. .......................................................................................................................................... 67(b) Inquiry into validity of verdict or indictment. ............................................................................ 67

Rule 607. Who May Impeach ................................................................................................................... 69Rule 608. Evidence of Character, Conduct and Bias of Witness ...................................................... 70

(a) Opinion and reputation evidence of character. .......................................................................... 70(b) Specific instances of conduct. ........................................................................................................ 71(c) Evidence of Bias. ............................................................................................................................... 71

Rule 609. Impeachment by Evidence of Conviction of Crime ......................................................... 76(a) General rule. ....................................................................................................................................... 76(b) Time limit. ......................................................................................................................................... 77(c) Effect of pardon, annulment, or certificate of rehabilitation or other equivalent

procedure. ........................................................................................................................................... 77(d) Juvenile adjudications. .................................................................................................................... 78(e) Pendency of appeal. .......................................................................................................................... 78

Rule 610. Religious Beliefs or Opinions ................................................................................................. 92Rule 611. Mode and Order of Interrogation and Presentation ......................................................... 92

(a) Control by court. .............................................................................................................................. 92(b) Scope of cross-examination. ........................................................................................................... 92(c) Leading questions. ............................................................................................................................ 92(d) Re-examination and recall. ............................................................................................................. 93

Rule 612. Writing Used to Refresh Memory ......................................................................................... 95Rule 613. Prior Statements of Witnesses ............................................................................................... 96

(a) Examining witness concerning prior statement. ........................................................................ 97(b) Extrinsic evidence of prior inconsistent statement of witness. ............................................... 97

Rule 614. Calling and Interrogation of Witnesses by Court ............................................................ 100(a) Calling by court. .............................................................................................................................. 100(b) Interrogation by court. .................................................................................................................. 100

Rule 615. Exclusion of Witnesses .......................................................................................................... 100ARTICLE VII. OPINIONS AND EXPERT TESTIMONY ............................................................ 103

Rule 701. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses ............................................................................... 103

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Rule 702. Testimony by Experts ............................................................................................................ 105Rule 703. Bases of Opinion Testimony by Experts ........................................................................... 123Rule 704. Opinion on Ultimate Issue ................................................................................................... 126Rule 705. Disclosure of Facts or Data Underlying Expert Opinion ............................................... 127

ARTICLE VIII. HEARSAY ...................................................................................................................... 128Rule 801. Definitions ............................................................................................................................... 128

(a) Statement. ........................................................................................................................................ 128(b) Declarant. ......................................................................................................................................... 128(c) Hearsay. ............................................................................................................................................ 128(d) Statements which are not hearsay. .............................................................................................. 128(1) Prior statement by witness ........................................................................................................... 128(2) Admission by party-opponent ..................................................................................................... 129

Rule 802. Hearsay Rule ............................................................................................................................ 140Rule 803. Hearsay Exceptions; Availability of Declarant Immaterial ............................................ 141

(1) Present sense impression. ............................................................................................................. 141(2) Excited utterance. ........................................................................................................................... 141(3) Then existing mental, emotional, or physical condition. ....................................................... 141(4) Statements for purposes of medical diagnosis or treatment. ................................................ 142(5) Recorded recollection. .................................................................................................................. 142(6) Records of regularly conducted activity. ................................................................................... 142(7) Absence of entry in records kept in accordance with the provisions of subsection (6). . 143(8) Public Records and Reports. ........................................................................................................ 143(9) Records of vital statistics. .............................................................................................................. 143(10) Absence of public record or entry. ........................................................................................... 143(11) Records of religious organizations. .......................................................................................... 144(12) Marriage, baptismal, and similar certificates. ......................................................................... 144(13) Family records. ............................................................................................................................. 144(14) Records of documents affecting an interest in property. ..................................................... 144(15) Statements in documents affecting an interest in property. ................................................ 144(16) Statements in ancient documents. ............................................................................................ 144(17) Market reports, commercial publications. .............................................................................. 145(18) Learned treatises. ......................................................................................................................... 145(19) Reputation concerning personal or family history. ............................................................... 145(20) Reputation concerning boundaries or general history. ........................................................ 145(21) Reputation as to character. ......................................................................................................... 145(22) Judgment of previous conviction. ............................................................................................. 145(23) Judgment as to personal, family or general history, or boundaries. ................................... 146

Rule 804. Hearsay Exceptions; Declarant Unavailable ..................................................................... 161(a) Definition of unavailability. .......................................................................................................... 161(b) Hearsay exceptions. ....................................................................................................................... 161(1) Former testimony. .......................................................................................................................... 161(2) Statement under belief of impending death. ............................................................................ 162(3) Statement against interest. ........................................................................................................... 162(4) Statement of personal or family history. .................................................................................... 162

Rule 805. Hearsay Within Hearsay ....................................................................................................... 168Rule 806. Attacking and Supporting Credibility of Declarant ........................................................ 168

ARTICLE IX. AUTHENTICATION AND IDENTIFICATION ................................................. 169Rule 901. Requirement of Authentication or Identification ............................................................ 169

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(a) General provision. .......................................................................................................................... 169(b) Illustrations. ..................................................................................................................................... 169(1) Testimony of witness with knowledge. ...................................................................................... 169(2) Nonexpert opinion on handwriting. ........................................................................................... 170(3) Comparison by trier or expert witness. ...................................................................................... 170(4) Distinctive characteristics and the like. ...................................................................................... 170(5) Voice identification. ....................................................................................................................... 170(6) Telephone conversations. ............................................................................................................. 170(7) Public records or reports. .............................................................................................................. 170(8) Ancient documents or data compilation. .................................................................................. 170(9) Process or system. .......................................................................................................................... 171(10) Methods provided by statute or rule. ....................................................................................... 171

Rule 902. Self-Authentication ................................................................................................................ 178(1) Domestic public documents under seal. .................................................................................... 178(2) Domestic public documents not under seal. ............................................................................ 178(3) Foreign public documents. ........................................................................................................... 178(4) Certified copies of public records. .............................................................................................. 179(5) Official publications. ...................................................................................................................... 179(6) Newspapers and periodicals. ........................................................................................................ 179(7) Trade inscriptions and the like. ................................................................................................... 179(8) Acknowledged documents. .......................................................................................................... 179(9) Commercial paper and related documents. .............................................................................. 180(10) Presumptions under statutes. .................................................................................................... 180

Rule 903. Subscribing Witness’ Testimony Unnecessary ................................................................ 182ARTICLE X. CONTENTS OF WRITINGS, RECORDINGS, AND PHOTOGRAPHS ....... 182

Rule 1001. Definitions ............................................................................................................................. 182(1) Writings and recordings. ............................................................................................................... 182(2) Photographs. ................................................................................................................................... 182(3) Original. ............................................................................................................................................ 183(4) Duplicate. ......................................................................................................................................... 183

Rule 1002. Requirement of Original ..................................................................................................... 185Rule 1003. Admissibility of Duplicates ................................................................................................ 186Rule 1004. Admissibility of Other Evidence of Contents ................................................................ 186

(1) Originals lost or destroyed. .......................................................................................................... 186(2) Original not obtainable. ................................................................................................................ 187(3) Original in possession of opponent. ........................................................................................... 187(4) Collateral matters. .......................................................................................................................... 187

Rule 1005. Public Records ...................................................................................................................... 187Rule 1006. Summaries ............................................................................................................................. 188Rule 1007. Testimony or Written Admission of Party ..................................................................... 189Rule 1008. Functions of Court and Jury .............................................................................................. 189

ARTICLE XI. MISCELLANEOUS RULES ........................................................................................ 190Rule 1101. Applicability of Rules .......................................................................................................... 190

(a) Courts and Judges. ......................................................................................................................... 190(b) Proceedings Generally. ................................................................................................................. 190(c) Rule of privilege. ............................................................................................................................. 190(d) Rules inapplicable. ......................................................................................................................... 190

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(1) Preliminary questions of fact. ...................................................................................................... 190(2) Grand jury. ....................................................................................................................................... 190(3) Miscellaneous proceedings. ......................................................................................................... 191

Rule 1102. Amendments ......................................................................................................................... 192Rule 1103. Title and Effective Date ...................................................................................................... 193

(a) Title. ................................................................................................................................................. 193(b) Effective Date. ................................................................................................................................. 193

EVIDENCE MISCELLANEOUS ANNOTATIONS ....................................................................... 193

CCHHAAPPTTEERR 22 -- SSEELLEECCTT CCOONNSSTTIITTUUTTIIOONNAALL PPRROOVVIISSIIOONNSS ............................................................ 119977CONSTITUTION of the UNITED STATES of AMERICA .......................................................... 197AMENDMENT 4 SEARCHES AND SEIZURES .............................................................................. 197AMENDMENT 5 GRAND JURY INDICTMENT; DOUBLE JEOPARDY; SELF-

INCRIMINATION; DUE PROCESS OF LAW; JUST COMPENSATION ................... 197AMENDMENT 6 JURY TRIAL; NATURE OF ACCUSATION; CONFRONTATION

OF WITNESSES; ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL ................................................................... 197SOUTH CAROLINA CONSTITUTION ........................................................................................... 198ART. 1, § 3 PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES; DUE PROCESS; EQUAL

PROTECTION OF LAWS ............................................................................................................ 198ART. 1, § 4 ATTAINDER; EX POST FACTO LAWS; TITLES; EFFECT OF

CONVICTION ................................................................................................................................. 198ART. 1, § 9 COURTS PUBLIC; SPEEDY REMEDY ........................................................................ 198ART. 1, § 10 SEARCHES AND SEIZURES; INVASIONS OF PRIVACY; WARRANTS

UPON PROBABLE CAUSE .......................................................................................................... 198ART. 1, § 11 PRESENTMENT OR INDICTMENT ........................................................................ 198ART. 1, § 12 DOUBLE JEOPARDY; SELF-INCRIMINATION .................................................. 199ART. 1, § 13 TAKING PRIVATE PROPERTY .................................................................................. 199ART. 1, § 14 TRIAL BY JURY; WITNESSES; SPEEDY TRIAL; IMPARTIAL JURY;

DEFENSE ........................................................................................................................................... 199ART. 1, § 15 RIGHT OF BAIL; EXCESSIVE BAIL; CRUEL, UNUSUAL OR

CORPORAL PUNISHMENT; DETENTION OF WITNESSES ....................................... 199ART. 1, § 16 LIBEL .................................................................................................................................... 200ART. 1, § 17 TREASON ........................................................................................................................... 200ART. 1, § 22 PROCEDURE BEFORE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES; RIGHT TO

JUDICIAL REVIEW ........................................................................................................................ 200ART. 5, § 4A SUBMISSION OF SUPREME COURT RULES TO JUDICIARY

COMMITTEES; DISAPPROVAL BY GENERAL ASSEMBLY .......................................... 200ART. 5, § 21 CHARGE TO JURY .......................................................................................................... 201CCHHAAPPTTEERR 33 -- SSEELLEECCTT EEVVIIDDEENNTTIIAARRYY SSTTAATTUUTTEESS ........................................................................................ 220033TITLE 1. ADMINISTRATION OF THE GOVERNMENT .......................................................... 203ATTORNEY GENERAL AND SOLICITORS .................................................................................. 203

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1-7-50. Defense of actions against public officers and employees. .............................................. 2031-7-60. Investigation required prior to defense of actions against public officers and

employees; effect of insurance. ............................................................................................. 2031-7-70. Information obtained pursuant to 1-7-50 and 1-7-60 shall be confidential and

inadmissible as evidence. ........................................................................................................ 203PROVISIONS AFFECTING ATTORNEY GENERAL AND SOLICITORS ........................... 203

1-7-710. Defense of persons claiming under State. ........................................................................... 203ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES .................................................................................................. 204

1-23-320. Notice and hearing in contested case; depositions; subpoenas; informal disposition; content of record. .............................................................................................. 204

1-23-330. Evidentiary matters in contested cases. ......................................................................... 2041-23-380. Judicial review upon exhaustion of administrative remedies. ................................... 205

SOUTH CAROLINA ADMINISTRATIVE LAW COURT ........................................................... 2061-23-600. Hearings and proceedings. ............................................................................................... 2061-23-610. Judicial review of final decision of administrative law judge; stay of

enforcement of decision. ........................................................................................................ 208TITLE 2. GENERAL ASSEMBLY ......................................................................................................... 209LOBBYISTS AND LOBBYING ............................................................................................................. 209

2-17-140. Groundless allegations of violations to be stricken from public record; penalties for wilful filing of groundless complaint. ............................................................ 209

JOINT COMMITTEE TO REVIEW CANDIDATES FOR OFFICES ELECTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY ........................................................................................................ 2092-19-60. Powers of committee. .............................................................................................................. 209

INTERNAL SECURITY COMMITTEE ............................................................................................. 2102-31-30. Powers. ....................................................................................................................................... 210

SUBPOENAS AND SUBPOENAS DUCES TECUM ..................................................................... 2112-69-30. Authority of committee to administer oaths and affirmations, take depositions,

and receive testimony and evidence. .................................................................................... 2112-69-50. Requests for protective order; receipt of evidence in executive session. ...................... 2112-69-60. Issuance by court of common pleas of order requiring obedience to subpoena;

punishment of disobedience as contempt. ......................................................................... 211TITLE 4. COUNTIES .............................................................................................................................. 211CHANGE OF BOUNDARIES ............................................................................................................... 211

4-5-210. Protests or contests; appeals. ................................................................................................. 211CREATION OF NEW COUNTIES AND CONSOLIDATION OF COUNTIES .................. 212

4-7-120. Election protests or contests. ................................................................................................. 212CLAIMS AGAINST COUNTIES .......................................................................................................... 212

4-13-60. Custody of claim; withdrawal from custody. ..................................................................... 212COUNTY PLANNING - COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSIONS .......................................... 212

4-27-640. Effect of findings of fact by commission. ....................................................................... 212TITLE 5. MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS ....................................................................................... 212GENERAL STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATION, POWERS, DUTIES, FUNCTIONS

AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF ALL MUNICIPALITIES ..................................................... 212

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5-7-90. Trial of persons charged with violations of ordinances of municipality or laws of State. .......................................................................................................................................... 212

5-7-100.Investigations of departments of municipal government by governing body; compelling attendance of witnesses; subpoenas; contempt. .......................................... 212

5-7-210.Council as judge of election and qualifications of its members and of grounds for forfeiture of their office. .......................................................................................................... 213

ZONING AND PLANNING - ZONING ............................................................................................ 2135-23-160. Hearing and decision on appeal. ..................................................................................... 213

TITLE 6. LOCAL GOVERNMENT PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO SPECIAL PURPOSE DISTRICTS AND OTHER POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS ........................... 213

SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL RESOURCE RECOVERY FACILITIES ACT ............................. 2136-16-50. Representatives to joint agency; application to Secretary of State; Secretary to

examine application; corporate certificate; agency deemed valid. ................................ 213JOINT MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER AND ENERGY ACT ............................................... 214

6-23-50. Formation of joint agency; certificate as proof of existence. ........................................... 214TITLE 7. ELECTIONS ............................................................................................................................ 214CANVASS OF VOTE; CERTIFICATES AND RECORDS OF RESULTS - COUNTY

BOARDS OF CANVASSERS ........................................................................................................ 2147-17-50. Hearings on protests or contests. .......................................................................................... 2147-17-70. Hearing of appeals. .................................................................................................................. 2147-17-270. Hearing of protest or contest; procedure at hearing; notice of decision;

appeals. ....................................................................................................................................... 2157-17-530. Hearing by county executive committee. ...................................................................... 2157-17-570. Procedure for hearing protest or contest; notice of decision. ................................... 215

TITLE 12. TAXATION ............................................................................................................................ 216STAMP AND BUSINESS LICENSE ACT- COLLECTION AND ENFORCEMENT

GENERALLY .................................................................................................................................... 21612-21-2980. Possession of unstamped goods as prima facie evidence of violation. ................... 216

THE MARIJUANA AND CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE TAX ACT ........................................ 21612-21-5050. Dealer not to possess taxed marijuana or controlled substance without

evidence that tax was paid. ..................................................................................................... 21612-21-6020. Dealer to have indicia evidence tax payment affixed; indicia may be used

once; taxes due and payable immediately upon acquisition or possession. ................. 216ROAD TAX ON MOTOR CARRIERS - PENALTIES .................................................................... 217

12-33-610. Person possessing mixture for production of alcohol liable for tax; rate; possession as prima facie evidence of nonpayment. ......................................................... 217

ALTERNATE PROCEDURE FOR COLLECTION OF PROPERTY TAXES ........................ 21712-51-160. Deed as evidence of good title; statute of limitations. ................................................ 217

FORFEITED LANDS - TITLES TO LANDS FORFEITED PRIOR TO DECEMBER 24, 1887 RENOUNCED ....................................................................................................................... 21712-59-310. Title of State by forfeiture prior to 1887 renounced. .................................................. 217

TITLE 14. COURTS ................................................................................................................................. 217JURIES AND JURORS IN CIRCUIT COURTS - STATE GRAND JURY SYSTEM ............. 217

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14-7-1760. Evidence given or information derived from evidence not to be received against witness in criminal prosecution; waiver of immunity; perjury. ........................ 217

TITLE 15. CIVIL REMEDIES AND PROCEDURES ...................................................................... 218LIMITATION OF CIVIL ACTIONS - GENERAL PROVISIONS .............................................. 218

15-3-120. Effect of new promises in writing or part payments. ................................................... 21815-3-130. Suits on causes saved from bar of statute by part payment or written

acknowledgment. ..................................................................................................................... 218VERDICTS .................................................................................................................................................. 218

15-33-125. Limitations on granting of new trial. .............................................................................. 21815-33-135. Punitive damages: burden of proof. ................................................................................ 218

EXECUTIONS AND JUDICIAL SALES GENERALLY - GENERAL PROVISIONS ............ 21915-39-330. Examination of witnesses and debtor. ............................................................................ 219

ABATEMENT OF NUISANCES .......................................................................................................... 21915-43-30. Temporary injunction. ...................................................................................................... 21915-43-40. Trial; evidence of general reputation. ............................................................................. 219

DEATH BY WRONGFUL ACT AND LYNCHING ........................................................................ 21915-51-42. Approval of settlements of wrongful death or survival actions. ................................ 219

SUITS INVOLVING MISCELLANEOUS ACTS OF WRONGFUL CONDUCT ................. 22115-75-10. Imputation of want of chastity to female. ...................................................................... 221

TITLE 16. CRIMES AND OFFENSES ................................................................................................ 221OFFENSES AGAINST PERSON - DUELING .................................................................................. 221

16-3-440. Principal or second shall be compelled to give testimony. ........................................ 221ASSAULT AND CRIMINAL SEXUAL CONDUCT ....................................................................... 221

16-3-659.1. Criminal sexual conduct: admissibility of evidence concerning victim’s sexual conduct. ...................................................................................................................................... 221

16-3-670. Procedure for taking deposition. ..................................................................................... 222SEXUAL PERFORMANCE BY CHILDREN ..................................................................................... 222

16-3-840. Methods of judicial determination of age of child. ...................................................... 222FORGERY, LARCENY, EMBEZZLEMENT, FALSE PRETENSES AND CHEATS ............. 222

16-13-120. Shoplifting; presumptions from concealment of unpurchased goods. ................... 22216-13-220. Embezzlement of public funds; presumption on proof of failure to account for

receipts. ...................................................................................................................................... 22216-13-331. Unauthorized removal or concealment of library property prohibited;

penalty. ....................................................................................................................................... 22316-13-385. Altering, tampering with or bypassing electric, gas or water meters. ....................... 223

FINANCIAL TRANSACTION CARD CRIME ACT ...................................................................... 22316-14-30. Possession of two or more cards issued to other persons prima facie evidence

of violation. ................................................................................................................................ 22316-14-50. Possession of two or more cards falsely made or embossed prima facie

evidence of violation. ............................................................................................................... 223OFFENSES INVOLVING MOTOR VEHICLE TITLES ............................................................... 224

16-21-150. Admissibility of evidence of prior similar acts. ............................................................. 224CRIMINAL DOMESTIC VIOLENCE – ............................................................................................. 224

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GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 22416-25-70. Warrantless arrest or search; admissibility of evidence. ............................................. 224

TITLE 17. CRIMINAL PROCEDURE ................................................................................................ 225GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 225

17-1-40. After discharge, dismissal or finding of innocence, criminal records must be destroyed. ................................................................................................................................... 225

CORONERS AND MEDICAL EXAMINERS - MEDICAL EXAMINERS ................................ 22517-5-280. Records to be kept in office of medical examiner; index; copies; admissibility

in evidence. ................................................................................................................................ 225AUTOPSIES AND INQUEST ON THE DEAD - ............................................................................. 226AUTOPSIES, PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS AND INQUESTS ........................................ 226

17-7-30. Findings on preliminary examination and filing of evidence. ......................................... 22617-7-330. Books of inquisitions. ......................................................................................................... 226

BAIL AND RECOGNIZANCES ........................................................................................................... 22617-15-60. Rules of evidence are inapplicable. ................................................................................. 226

MENTALLY ILL OR INSANE DEFENDANTS ............................................................................... 22617-24-10. Affirmative defense. ............................................................................................................ 22617-24-20. Guilty but mentally ill; general requirements for verdict. .......................................... 226

JUDGMENT AND EXECUTION - ENFORCEMENT AND EXECUTION .......................... 22717-25-325. Enforcement and execution of judgment in criminal case; findings supported

by evidence. ............................................................................................................................... 22717-25-326. Alteration, modification or rescission of order; petition upon good cause;

preponderance of evidence. ................................................................................................... 227UNIFORM POST-CONVICTION PROCEDURE ACT ............................................................... 227

17-27-20. Persons who may institute proceeding; exclusiveness of remedy. ........................... 22717-27-50. Form and contents of application. .................................................................................. 22817-27-80. Hearing on application; final judgment. ........................................................................ 228

TITLE 18. APPEALS ................................................................................................................................. 228APPEALS TO CIRCUIT AND COUNTY COURTS IN OTHER CASES - .............................. 228GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 228

18-7-110. Offer to allow judgment on appeal. ................................................................................. 228APPEALS TO SUPREME COURT ...................................................................................................... 229

18-9-280. Written opinions required; memorandum opinions. ................................................. 229TITLE 19. EVIDENCE ............................................................................................................................. 229GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 229

19-1-10.Rules of construction. .............................................................................................................. 22919-1-20.“Clerk” defined. ........................................................................................................................ 22919-1-30.Pleading shall not be evidence against accused. ................................................................ 22919-1-60.Request for admission of authenticity of documents and other papers. ...................... 22919-1-70.Proof of negligence by plaintiff in certain motor vehicle cases. ...................................... 22919-1-80.Conditions on examination of witness in criminal proceeding concerning written

statement made to public employee. ................................................................................... 23019-1-90. Admissibility in criminal proceeding of written statement made to public

employee. ................................................................................................................................... 230

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19-1-100. No statement shall be used for impeachment in civil proceeding unless copy furnished when signed. ........................................................................................................... 230

19-1-110. Introduction of certain instruments or copies thereof issued by common carriers. ....................................................................................................................................... 230

19-1-120. Proving signature of absent witness to bond or note; effect of sworn denial of signature. .................................................................................................................................... 230

19-1-130. Situations in which notary's protest is sufficient evidence. ........................................ 23019-1-140. Use of testimony in subsequent trials when witness is in armed forces. ................. 23119-1-150. Life expectancy tables. ....................................................................................................... 23119-1-160. Non-sealed instruments may be considered as sealed. ............................................... 23419-1-180. Out-of-court statements by certain children. ............................................................... 23419-1-190. South Carolina Unanticipated Medical Outcome Reconciliation Act;

legislative purpose; definitions; inadmissibility of certain statements; waiver of inadmissibility; impact of South Carolina Rules of Evidence. ........................................ 235

PROOF OF ORDINANCES AND LAWS .......................................................................................... 23719-3-10. Proof of ordinances of municipalities. ................................................................................. 237

UNIFORM JUDICIAL NOTICE OF FOREIGN LAW ACT ........................................................ 23719-3-110. Short title. ............................................................................................................................. 23719-3-120. Judicial notice of laws of other United States jurisdictions. ....................................... 23719-3-130. Means by which court may inform itself of other United States laws. ..................... 23719-3-140. Court shall determine other United States laws. ......................................................... 23719-3-150. Parties may also present evidence of other United States laws; notice. .................. 23819-3-160. Proof of laws of other jurisdictions. ................................................................................ 23819-3-170. No evidence of foreign law shall be received or noticed judicially unless

pleaded. ...................................................................................................................................... 23819-3-180. Rule of construction. .......................................................................................................... 238

PUBLIC DOCUMENTS, RECORDS AND BOOKS ...................................................................... 23819-5-10. Admissibility of certified copies or certified photostatic copies of documents. .......... 23819-5-20. Notice required under 19-5-10. ............................................................................................ 23819-5-30. Admissibility of photostatic or certified copies of certain motor vehicle records. ..... 23919-5-40. Admissibility of certified photographic copy of instrument or record pertaining

to business or government when original is lost or destroyed. ....................................... 23919-5-50. Evidence of appointment of executors or administrators. ............................................... 23919-5-60. Production of instruments required to be recorded as evidence of execution and

recording. ................................................................................................................................... 23919-5-70. Applicability of foregoing section when fraud is alleged. ................................................. 239

FOREIGN DOCUMENTS ..................................................................................................................... 23919-5-210. Admissibility of certified copies of grants issued by North Carolina. ...................... 23919-5-220. Proof of various instruments. ........................................................................................... 24019-5-230. Foreign evidences of debt shall be admissible only on basis of reciprocity. ........... 240

REPORTS AS TO MISSING PERSONS ............................................................................................. 24019-5-310. Effect of finding of presumed death under Federal Missing Persons Act. .............. 24019-5-320. Effect of report that person is missing, beseiged, captured by the enemy or the

like. .......................................................................................................................................... 24019-5-330. Signature of reports or copies shall prima facie be deemed authorized. ................. 241

MEDICAL OR SCIENTIFIC BOOKS ................................................................................................. 241

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19-5-410. Competency and admissibility of medical or scientific books. ................................. 241BUSINESS RECORDS ............................................................................................................................. 241

19-5-510. Uniform Business Records as Evidence Act. ................................................................ 24119-5-520. Certified business records. ................................................................................................ 241

PHOTOGRAPHIC COPIES .................................................................................................................. 24219-5-610. Uniform Photographic Copies of Business and Public Records as Evidence

Act. ........................................................................................................................................ 242COMPELLING ATTENDANCE OF WITNESSES ........................................................................ 242

19-7-50.Means by which prisoners shall be brought into court as witnesses. ............................ 24219-7-60.Process to compel attendance of criminal defendant's witnesses; sanctions for

disobedience. ............................................................................................................................ 242OUT-OF-STATE WITNESSES ............................................................................................................. 243

19-9-10.Short title. .................................................................................................................................. 24319-9-20.Definitions. ................................................................................................................................ 24319-9-30.Holding of hearing when resident is wanted as witness in another state. ................... 24319-9-40.Ordering resident witness to attend out-of-State proceedings. ..................................... 24319-9-50.Delivery of witness to custody of officer of requesting state. .......................................... 24319-9-60. Penalty for failure to attend as witness out of state. .......................................................... 24419-9-70.Request by this State for witness from reciprocating state. ............................................. 24419-9-80.Costs and fees paid to non-resident witness. ...................................................................... 24419-9-90.Limit on time non-resident witness may be kept in State. ............................................... 24419-9-100. Penalty for failure to attend as witness in this State. .................................................... 24419-9-110. Non-resident witness shall not be subject to arrest or service of process. .............. 24419-9-120. Witnesses passing through State shall not be subject to arrest or service of

process. ....................................................................................................................................... 24519-9-130. Rule of construction. .......................................................................................................... 245

COMPETENCY OF WITNESSES ....................................................................................................... 24519-11-10. Competency of parties as witnesses. ............................................................................... 24519-11-20. “Dead man’s” statute. ......................................................................................................... 24519-11-25. Presumed competency of children as witnesses. ......................................................... 24519-11-30. Competency of husband or wife of party as witness. .................................................. 24619-11-40. Interest in action shall not disqualify witness. .............................................................. 24619-11-50. Testimony of defendant in criminal cases. .................................................................... 24619-11-60. Person convicted and sentenced for crime may testify. .............................................. 24619-11-70. Testimony of survivors of parties to a transaction which is attacked on

grounds of fraud. ...................................................................................................................... 24619-11-80. Privilege against self-incrimination. ................................................................................ 24619-11-90. Priest-penitent privilege. ................................................................................................... 24719-11-95. Confidences of patients of mental illness or emotional conditions. ........................ 24719-11-100. Qualified privilege against disclosure for news media; waiver. ................................. 248

PERPETUATION OF EVIDENCE ...................................................................................................... 24919-21-10. Substituting new records for lost, destroyed or abstracted records of decrees

and judgments. .......................................................................................................................... 24919-21-20. Perpetuation of testimony as to lost, destroyed or defective instruments. ............. 24919-21-30. Issuance of orders in action to perpetuate testimony. ................................................ 24919-21-40. Recordation and force and effect of perpetuated testimony. .................................... 250

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19-21-50. Proof of lost papers other than by perpetuation of testimony. ................................. 25019-21-60. Costs. ..................................................................................................................................... 250

TITLE 22. MAGISTRATES AND CONSTABLES .......................................................................... 250JURISDICTION AND PROCEDURE IN MAGISTRATES’ COURTS - CIVIL

PROCEDURE GENERALLY ....................................................................................................... 25022-3-110. Forms of action, parties, commencement of actions, service of process upon

corporations and evidence. .................................................................................................... 25022-3-290. Requiring exhibit of account or statement of nature thereof. ................................... 250

PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO BOTH CIVIL AND CRIMINAL CASES ............................ 25022-3-930. Compelling attendance of witnesses and the giving of testimony. ........................... 25022-3-940. Magistrates empowered to take testimony de bene esse. ........................................... 251

TITLE 23. LAW ENFORCEMENT AND PUBLIC SAFETY ........................................................ 251CHAPTER 31. FIREARMS ..................................................................................................................... 251ARTICLE 6. USING A FIREARM WHILE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL

OR A CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE ........................................................................................ 25123-31-410. Blood and urine testing. .................................................................................................... 25123-31-415. Testing following death or serious personal injury; effect of refusal;

evidentiary use. ......................................................................................................................... 25223-31-420. Presumptions. ...................................................................................................................... 252

SOUTH CAROLINA HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES ACT .......................................................... 25323-39-110. Access to records of shipment. ......................................................................................... 253

ARSON REPORTING-IMMUNITY ACT ......................................................................................... 25323-41-30. Release of information by insurance company. ............................................................ 253

TITLE 24. CORRECTIONS, JAILS, PROBATIONS, PAROLES AND PARDONS PROBATION, PAROLE AND PARDON ................................................................................. 254

- EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PROBATION, PAROLE, AND PARDON SERVICES; PROBATION OFFICERS ...................................................... 25424-21-290. Information received by probation agents privileged. ................................................ 254

PARDONS; COMMUTATION OF DEATH SENTENCES ........................................................ 25424-21-990. Civil rights restored upon pardon. .................................................................................. 254

TITLE 25. MILITARY, CIVIL DEFENSE AND VETERANS AFFAIRS MILITARY CODE – ............................................................................................................................................... 254

CODE OF MILITARY JUSTICE FOR THE NATIONAL GUARD ........................................... 25425-1-2665. Compulsory self-incrimination prohibited; informing accused of rights;

evidence; admissibility. ........................................................................................................... 25425-1-2690. Evidentiary rules. ................................................................................................................ 25525-1-2760. Admissibility of records of courts of inquiry. ................................................................ 255

SOUTH CAROLINA RESIDENTIAL LANDLORD AND TENANT ACT - .......................... 255GENERAL DEFINITIONS AND PRINCIPLES INTERPRETATION; NOTICE ................. 255

27-40-230. Unconscionability. ............................................................................................................. 255TITLE 27. PROPERTY AND CONVEYANCES .............................................................................. 256REMOVAL OF ABANDONED CEMETERIES ............................................................................... 256

27-43-40. Evidence of abandonment. ............................................................................................... 256

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TITLE 28. EMINENT DOMAIN .......................................................................................................... 256THE EMINENT DOMAIN PROCEDURE ACT – .......................................................................... 256TRIAL OF CONDEMNATION ACTIONS ...................................................................................... 256

28-2-330. Rules of evidence. ............................................................................................................... 25628-2-340. Evidence which may be admitted in trials of condemnation actions;

inspection of property. ............................................................................................................ 25628-2-500. Amount deposited with or withdrawn from clerk of court not relevant

evidence. ..................................................................................................................................... 257TITLE 30. PUBLIC RECORDS RECORDING GENERALLY ..................................................... 257

30-5-220. Use of photostatic or photo recording in any county. ................................................ 257RECORDING OF DEEDS AND DOCUMENTS OF RAILROADS .......................................... 257

30-11-50. Effect of certified copy of recorded instrument. ........................................................... 257TITLE 32. CONTRACTS AND AGENTS CONTRACTS FOR FUTURE DELIVERY ....... 257

32-1-270. Statements to be furnished by agents; effect of failure to furnish. ............................ 257TITLE 33. CORPORATIONS, PARTNERSHIPS AND ASSOCIATIONS .............................. 257GENERAL PROVISIONS – .................................................................................................................... 257FILING DOCUMENTS .......................................................................................................................... 257

33-1-270. Evidentiary effect of copy of filed document. ............................................................... 257NONPROFIT CORPORATIONS GENERALLY - GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................... 258

33-31-160. Certified copy of charter or amendment as evidence of incorporation. ................. 258NONPROFIT CORPORATIONS FINANCED BY FEDERAL LOANS ................................... 258

33-35-130. Certified copy of charter and amendments is evidence of incorporation. .............. 258UNIFORM PARTNERSHIP ACT - NATURE OF PARTNERSHIP .......................................... 258

33-41-220. Determining existence of partnership. ........................................................................... 25833-41-330. Admission or representation by partner as evidence. ................................................. 259

RELATION OF PARTNERS TO ONE ANOTHER ....................................................................... 25933-41-560. Continuation of partnership beyond fixed term or particular undertaking. .......... 259

MARKETING COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATIONS – ..................................................................... 259ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND AMENDMENTS; POWERS ................................. 259

33-47-220. Execution and filing of articles; effect thereof. ............................................................. 259TITLE 34. BANKING, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND MONEY BANKS AND

BANKING GENERALLY - ............................................................................................................ 259RETENTION OF RECORDS ................................................................................................................ 259

34-3-540. Copies and reproductions of bank records; admissibility in evidence. ................... 259BANK DEPOSITS ..................................................................................................................................... 260

34-11-60. Drawing and uttering fraudulent check, draft or other written order. ..................... 26034-11-70. Prima facie evidence of fraudulent intent in drawing and uttering check, draft

or other written order, reasonable and probable cause for prosecution. ...................... 261CHAPTER 26. SOUTH CAROLINA CREDIT UNION ACT ..................................................... 261ARTICLE 2. SUPERVISION AND REGULATION ........................................................................ 261

34-26-250.Duty of credit union to maintain books, records, accounting systems, and procedures. ................................................................................................................................ 261

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SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS – ............................................................................................................... 262CORPORATE ADMINISTRATION ................................................................................................... 262

34-28-450. Books, records, and accounting practices. ..................................................................... 262CONSUMER FINANCE LAW .............................................................................................................. 262

34-29-210. Appointment of Director as agent for service of process. .......................................... 262TITLE 35. SECURITIES .......................................................................................................................... 262UNIFORM SECURITIES ACT - GENERAL PROVISIONS ........................................................ 262

35-1-130. Copies of records; use as evidence. ................................................................................. 262ENFORCEMENT, REMEDIES, LIABILITIES AND PENALTIES ............................................. 263

35-1-1470. Immunity of witness compelled to give evidence. ....................................................... 263TITLE 36. COMMERCIAL CODE ...................................................................................................... 263GENERAL DEFINITIONS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERPRETATION .............................. 263

36-1-201 Definitions. ........................................................................................................................... 26336-1-202. Prima facie evidence by third party documents. .......................................................... 26336-1-205. Course of dealing and usage of trade. ............................................................................. 263

COMMERCIAL CODE - SALES - ........................................................................................................ 264FORM, FORMATION AND READJUSTMENT OF CONTRACT .......................................... 264

36-2-202. Final written expression; parol or extrinsic evidence. ................................................. 264GENERAL OBLIGATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF CONTRACT ................................. 264

36-2-302. Unconscionable contract or clause. ................................................................................ 26436-2-326. Sale on approval and sale or return; consignment sales and rights of creditors. ... 264

PERFORMANCE ...................................................................................................................................... 26536-2-515. Preserving evidence of goods in dispute. ....................................................................... 265

REMEDIES .................................................................................................................................................. 26536-2-723. Proof of market price; time and place. ........................................................................... 26536-2-724. Admissibility of market quotations. ................................................................................ 265

RIGHTS OF A HOLDER ........................................................................................................................ 26636-3-307. Burden of establishing signatures, defenses and due course. .................................... 266

COMMERCIAL PAPER - ........................................................................................................................ 266PRESENTMENT, NOTICE OF DISHONOR AND PROTEST ................................................. 266

36-3-510. Evidence of dishonor and notice of dishonor. .............................................................. 266COMMERCIAL CODE - INVESTMENT SECURITIES .............................................................. 266

36-8-105. Certificated securities negotiable; statements and instructions not negotiable; presumptions. ........................................................................................................................... 266

TITLE 37. CONSUMER PROTECTION CODE ............................................................................ 267GENERAL PROVISIONS - DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................... 267

37-1-301 General Definitions. ........................................................................................................... 267ADMINISTRATION - ............................................................................................................................. 267ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE AND JUDICIAL REVIEW ................................................. 267

37-6-411. Rules of evidence; official notice. .................................................................................... 267MISCELLANEOUS LOAN PROVISIONS ........................................................................................ 268

37-10-105. Penalties for violations. ...................................................................................................... 268

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TITLE 38. INSURANCE ......................................................................................................................... 268INSURANCE COMMISSION AND THE DEPARTMENT OF INSURANCE ...................... 268

38-3-220. Certificates and papers of Commissioner as evidence. ............................................... 26838-3-230. Commissioner's certificate as evidence of authority to do business. ....................... 268

AUTHORITY TO TRANSACT BUSINESS ...................................................................................... 26838-5-70.Appointment of director as attorney for service of process. ........................................... 268

HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS ........................................................................... 26938-33-260. Confidentiality of health records. .................................................................................... 269

TRADE PRACTICES ............................................................................................................................... 26938-57-220. Immunity from prosecution. ............................................................................................ 269

PROPERTY, CASUALTY, INLAND MARINE, AND SURETY .................................................. 269RATES AND RATE-MAKING ORGANIZATIONS - .................................................................... 269GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 269

38-73-130. Hearing procedure; judicial review. ................................................................................ 269AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE - ............................................................................................................ 270MANDATE TO WRITE AND INSURANCE COVERAGE .......................................................... 270

38-77-120. Requirements for notice of cancellation of or refusal to renew policy. ................... 27038-77-150. Uninsured motorist provision; defense of action by insurer. .................................... 27038-77-160. Additional uninsured motorist coverage; underinsured motorist coverage. ......... 271

TITLE 39. TRADE AND COMMERCE .............................................................................................. 271TRUSTS, MONOPOLIES AND RESTRAINTS OF TRADE - ..................................................... 271INVESTIGATIONS AND DISCOVERY IN AID OF ANTITRUST LAWS OR OTHER

VIOLATIONS OF CORPORATIONS ...................................................................................... 27139-3-350. Testimony may be compelled; immunity of witness. ................................................. 271

UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES - GENERAL PROVISIONS ........................................................ 27139-5-140. Actions for damages. .......................................................................................................... 271

LABELS AND TRADEMARKS - ........................................................................................................... 272TRADEMARKS AND SERVICE MARKS GENERALLY ............................................................... 272

39-15-140. Issuance and contents of certificate of registration; admissibility of certificate as evidence. ................................................................................................................................ 272

AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL BRANDS OR MARKS ......................................... 27239-15-430. Issuance of certificate; fees; admissibility of certificate as evidence. ....................... 27239-15-450. Effect of use of brand or mark. ......................................................................................... 27239-15-470. Purchase or receipt of containers marked or branded from other than

registered owner. ...................................................................................................................... 27339-15-480. Unauthorized possession of marked or branded containers. .................................... 27339-15-490. Effect of refusal to deliver containers to lawful owner. ............................................... 273

MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS MARKETING - ............................................................................ 273BOTTLES, CANS AND OTHER CONTAINERS ........................................................................... 273

39-33-1530. Possession of milk can without consent shall be presumptive evidence of unlawful trafficking. ................................................................................................................. 273

BUTTER AND CHEESE IMITATIONS – ......................................................................................... 274

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GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 27439-35-80. Penalties; certificate of analysis shall be prima facie evidence. ................................. 274

ELECTRIC STORAGE BATTERIES .................................................................................................. 27439-49-60. Unauthorized retention of marked battery of another; demand for possession. .. 274

ANTI-FREEZE ........................................................................................................................................... 27439-51-110. Commissioner may require disclosure of formula of antifreeze. .............................. 274

TITLE 40. PROFESSIONS AND OCCUPATIONS ........................................................................ 275ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS OPERATORS ............................................................................... 275

40-15-180. Complaint to Board against dentist, dental hygienist or dental technician; investigation; accusation; notice; hearing; confidentiality of proceedings; privileged communications. ................................................................................................... 275

DENTISTS, DENTAL HYGIENISTS AND DENTAL TECHNICIANS .................................. 27540-15-320. Possession of prosthetic or orthodontic model, impression or appliance

without work authorization as prima facie evidence of violation. .................................. 27540-23-120. Board to receive complaints. ............................................................................................ 276

NURSES - ..................................................................................................................................................... 276STATE BOARD OF NURSING ............................................................................................................ 276

40-33-290. Records and registers. ........................................................................................................ 276OPTOMETRISTS ..................................................................................................................................... 277

40-37-210. Complaints to Board against licensed optometrists; accusation; notice; hearing; confidentiality of proceedings; privileged communications. .......................... 277

40-37-250. Prima facie evidence of violation. .................................................................................... 277PHYSICAL THERAPISTS ...................................................................................................................... 277

40-47-230. Records of Board; register of applicants. ....................................................................... 277PODIATRISTS AND PODIATRY ....................................................................................................... 278

40-51-200. Acts deemed prima facie evidence of practicing podiatry. ......................................... 278PSYCHOLOGISTS ................................................................................................................................... 278

40-55-130. Complaint to Board against licensed psychologist; investigation; accusation; notice; hearing; confidentiality of proceedings; privileged communications. ............ 278

SANITARIANS .......................................................................................................................................... 27840-61-80. Complaints and proceedings against registered environmental sanitarians. ......... 278

SOCIAL WORKERS ................................................................................................................................. 27940-63-100. Complaint, investigation, and accusation against licensed social worker. .............. 279

SOIL CLASSIFIERS .................................................................................................................................. 28040-65-90. Records of proceedings; admissibility. ........................................................................... 280

LIABILITY OF MEMBERS OF PROFESSIONAL COMMITTEES ........................................... 28040-71-20. Confidentiality of certain proceedings, records and information. ........................... 280

PROFESSIONAL COUNSELORS, ASSOCIATE COUNSELORS, AND MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPISTS ....................................................................................................... 28140-75-160. Complaints; investigation; procedural rights of licensee; privileged nature of

communications. ...................................................................................................................... 281GEOLOGISTS ............................................................................................................................................ 281

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40-77-120. Record of board proceedings; register of applications for registration; evidentiary value of board records. ....................................................................................... 281

40-77-270. Issuance of certificate of registration as evidence of entitlement to rights and privileges of registered professional geologist. ................................................................... 282

TITLE 41. LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT ........................................................................................ 282EMPLOYMENT SECURITY - GENERAL PROVISIONS ............................................................ 282DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................................................... 282

41-27-620. Commission’s certificate as prima facie evidence. ....................................................... 282EMPLOYMENT SECURITY – .............................................................................................................. 282EMPLOYMENT SECURITY COMMISSION .................................................................................. 282

41-29-200. Self-incriminating testimony. ........................................................................................... 282BENEFITS AND CLAIMS THEREFOR ALLOWANCE OF CLAIMS ..................................... 282

41-35-680. Decision on appeal. ............................................................................................................ 282TITLE 42. WORKERS’ COMPENSATION ...................................................................................... 283GENERAL PROVISIONS - ..................................................................................................................... 283APPLICATION AND EFFECT OF TITLE ....................................................................................... 283

42-1-340. Effective date of and manner of giving notice of non-acceptance or waiver. ......... 28342-1-560. Right to compensation not affected by liability of third party; rights and

remedies against third party. .................................................................................................. 28342-1-570. Amount of compensation shall not be admissible in suits against third parties. ... 28442-1-630. Situation in which provisions of Title shall not be admissible in trial. .................... 284

INDUSTRIAL COMMISSION ............................................................................................................. 28442-3-195. Commission to provide information and statistics; uses to which same may be

put; confidentiality. .................................................................................................................. 28442-3-210. Tabulation and publication of accident reports. .......................................................... 284

OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES .............................................................................................................. 28542-11-30. Presumption that heart or respiratory diseases occurring in fire fighters arose

out of and in course of employment. ................................................................................... 285TITLE 43. SOCIAL SERVICES ............................................................................................................. 285PUBLIC AID, ASSISTANCE AND RELIEF GENERALLY ........................................................... 285

43-5-100. Physical or mental incapacity of parent. ........................................................................ 285ADULT PROTECTION - ....................................................................................................................... 285DUTIES AND PROCEDURES OF INVESTIGATIVE ENTITIES ............................................. 285

43-35-50. Abrogation of privilege for certain communications. ................................................. 285TITLE 44. HEALTH ................................................................................................................................. 286ABORTIONS .............................................................................................................................................. 286

44-41-35. Failure to obtain required consent. ................................................................................. 286POISONS, DRUGS AND OTHER CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES - ...................................... 286NARCOTICS AND CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES .................................................................... 286

44-53-395. Prohibited acts; penalties. ................................................................................................. 286TITLE 45. HOTELS, MOTELS, RESTAURANTS AND BOARDINGHOUSES ................... 286GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 286

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45-1-50. Defrauding keeper of hotel, motel, inn, boardinghouse, rooming house, cafe or restaurant. .................................................................................................................................. 286

EQUAL ENJOYMENT AND PRIVILEGES TO PUBLIC ............................................................. 287ACCOMMODATIONS - COMPLAINTS; HEARINGS, PERMIT OR LICENSE

REVOCATION ................................................................................................................................ 28745-9-60. State Human Affairs Commission may establish rules of procedure for hearings;

subpoenas; rights of persons charged; rules of evidence; scope of hearing; deliberations of panel; remedies for violation. ................................................................... 287

TITLE 46. AGRICULTURE ................................................................................................................... 288COMMERCIAL FEEDING STUFFS - ................................................................................................ 288SAMPLES AND ANALYSES .................................................................................................................. 288

46-27-460. Certificate of analyst as prima facie evidence. .............................................................. 288STOCK OR POULTRY PREPARATIONS ........................................................................................ 288

46-27-860. Commissioner shall enforce article. ................................................................................ 288TITLE 47. ANIMALS, LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY ................................................................... 288RABIES CONTROL ................................................................................................................................. 288

47-5-60. Pets shall be inoculated annually; certificates & tags. ....................................................... 288LIVESTOCK GENERALLY - BRANDING OR EARMARKING ................................................ 289

47-9-290. Certificate as evidence of ownership of livestock; foreign certificates. ................... 289TITLE 48. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION ........................... 289SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICTS LAW - ....................................................... 289CREATION OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICTS .................................... 289

48-9-650. Certificate conclusive as to establishment of district; admissibility of certificate as evidence. ............................................................................................................. 289

TITLE 49. WATERS, WATER RESOURCES AND DRAINAGE ................................................ 290DRAINAGE DISTRICTS UNDER 1920 ACT - ................................................................................ 290PROCEDURE TO ESTABLISH DISTRICT ..................................................................................... 290

49-19-270. Evidence of publication of notice. ................................................................................... 290ASSESSMENT AND COLLECTION OF TAX FOR CONSTRUCTION COSTS;

DELINQUENT TAXES ................................................................................................................. 29049-19-1780. Drainage Tax Book as prima facie evidence. ............................................................... 290

LAKE WYLIE MARINE COMMISSION ............................................................................................ 29049-27-70. Filing and distribution of ordinances or joint resolutions; effective date;

admissibility as evidence. ........................................................................................................ 29049-27-80. Authority to make regulations; penalties for violations; effective date; notice

and filing requirements; publication and filing requirements not prerequisite to validity. ....................................................................................................................................... 291

TITLE 50. FISH, GAME AND WATERCRAFT ............................................................................... 291GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 291

50-1-95. Reporting hunting accidents. ................................................................................................. 291PROTECTION OF FISH - ...................................................................................................................... 292RESTRICTIONS ON FISHING GENERALLY ................................................................................ 292

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50-13-80. Conduct which is prima facie evidence of violating season closed on recommendation of county legislative delegation. ........................................................... 292

POLLUTION AND POISONING OF WATERS; USE OF EXPLOSIVES ............................... 29250-13-1450. Prima facie evidence of using explosives to take fish. ................................................ 292

COASTAL FISHERIES LAWS - ............................................................................................................ 292USE OF NETS, SEINES, AND LIKE DEVICES ................................................................................ 292

50-17-422. Restrictions upon use of gill nets for taking American shad in state waters of Atlantic Ocean; evidence of violation. ................................................................................. 292

SHRIMP ....................................................................................................................................................... 29350-17-675. Certain conduct constitutes prima facie evidence of illegal trawling. ...................... 293

EQUIPMENT AND OPERATION OF WATERCRAFT - ............................................................ 293GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 293

50-21-130. Duties of vessel operator involved in collision, accident or other casualty; immunity of person rendering assistance; reports of accidents; State Casualty Reporting System. .................................................................................................................... 293

AIDS TO NAVIGATION AND REGULATORY MARKERS ....................................................... 29450-21-710. Placing of aids to navigation and regulatory markers; certain conduct prima

facie evidence of negligence; prohibited acts. .................................................................... 294TITLING OF WATERCRAFT AND OUTBOARD MOTORS ................................................... 294

50-23-90. Contents of certificate; effect as evidence. .................................................................... 294TITLE 54. PORTS AND MARITIME MATTERS ........................................................................... 295OFFENSES RELATING TO SEAMAN .............................................................................................. 295

54-9-40. Admissibility of articles of ship in evidence. ....................................................................... 29554-9-50. Evidence of masters of vessels or other transient persons may be taken de bene

esse. .......................................................................................................................................... 295INTERFERENCE WITH NAVIGATION .......................................................................................... 295

54-11-50. Destroying, damaging or obstructing monuments or buildings of United States coast surveys. ................................................................................................................. 295

TITLE 55. AERONAUTICS ................................................................................................................... 296GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 296

55-1-100. Operating or acting as flightcrew member of aircraft while under influence of alcohol or drugs unlawful; penalties. .................................................................................... 296

UNIFORM STATE AERONAUTICAL REGULATORY LAW ................................................... 29655-5-160. Use of testimony obtained during investigations; employees not required to

testify. .......................................................................................................................................... 296UNIFORM AIRCRAFT FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACT ................................................. 296

55-8-110. Records shall be inadmissible as evidence; disclosure of information. ................... 296TITLE 56. MOTOR VEHICLES ........................................................................................................... 297DRIVER’S LICENSE - POINT SYSTEM FOR EVALUATING ................................................... 297OPERATING RECORDS OF DRIVERS ............................................................................................ 297

56-1-800. Certified copies of reports as evidence of convictions. ............................................... 297REGULATION AND LICENSING - ................................................................................................... 297

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ENFORCEMENT; RECORDS AND REPORTS ............................................................................. 29756-3-2450. Certified copies of Department records; use thereof as evidence. ........................... 29756-3-2460. Affidavit as to registration records of Department as evidence of ownership. ...... 297

TRAFFIC REGULATIONS - .................................................................................................................. 297OBEDIENCE TO AND EFFECT OF TRAFFIC LAWS ................................................................. 297

56-5-750. Failure to stop motor vehicle when signaled by law-enforcement vehicle. ............ 297TRAFFIC SIGNS, SIGNALS AND MARKINGS .............................................................................. 298

56-5-950. Obedience to and required traffic-control devices. ..................................................... 298ACCIDENT REPORTS ........................................................................................................................... 298

56-5-1260. Immediate report of accidents resulting in personal injury or death. ...................... 29856-5-1270. Operators, owners, and law enforcement officers shall make written reports of

certain accidents and investigations. .................................................................................... 29856-5-1280. In case driver shall be unable to report, other occupant or owner shall report. ..... 29956-5-1290. Evidentiary use of reports. ................................................................................................ 29956-5-1340. Accident reports shall be without prejudice and confidential; use; permissible

disclosures. ................................................................................................................................. 299RESTRICTIONS ON SPEED; RACING ............................................................................................ 299

56-5-1570. Special speed limitations for certain vehicles and places. ........................................... 299RIGHT OF WAY ........................................................................................................................................ 300

56-5-2330. Stop signs and yield signs. ................................................................................................. 300REQUIRED STOPS .................................................................................................................................. 301

56-5-2773. Violation of Section 56-5-2770; digital images admissible in evidence. ................. 301RECKLESS HOMICIDE; RECKLESS DRIVING; DRIVING WHILE UNDER THE

INFLUENCE OF INTOXICATING LIQUOR, DRUGS OR NARCOTICS .................. 30156-5-2950. Implied consent to chemical tests of breath, blood, and urine to determine

presence of alcohol or drugs of operator of motor vehicle; procedures; penalties. ... 30156-5-2955. Admissibility of evidence obtained under Section 56-5-2950. ................................. 30156-5-2980. Copies of reports as prima facie evidence of certain matters; effect of

stipulating subsequent offense. ............................................................................................. 301PEDESTRIANS; RIGHTS AND DUTIES THEREOF ................................................................... 302

56-5-3220. Effect of failure of incapacitated person to carry walking stick or cane, or to be guided by dog. ........................................................................................................................... 302

ENFORCEMENT; TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS PROCEDURE ...................................................... 30256-5-6160. Evidence of conviction inadmissible in civil action. .................................................... 30256-5-6170. Enforcement. ....................................................................................................................... 302

CHILD PASSENGER RESTRAINT SYSTEM .................................................................................. 30256-5-6450. Custodial arrest not authorized; penalties for violation of article; waiver. ............. 30256-5-6460. Violation of article not to constitute negligence. ......................................................... 302

SAFETY BELTS ......................................................................................................................................... 30256-5-6540. Penalties; Enforcement; violation not negligence; violation inadmissible in

civil action. ................................................................................................................................. 302MOTOR VEHICLE FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACT - ...................................................... 303SECURITY FOLLOWING MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS ................................................... 303

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56-9-350. Verification of insurance coverage form to be issued following certain accidents; effect of failure to return form; uninvestigated accidents. ............................ 303

56-9-362. Actions or findings of Department and security as not constituting evidence of negligence. ............................................................................................................................. 303

REGULATION OF MANUFACTURERS, DISTRIBUTORS AND DEALERS ...................... 30356-15-110. Suits for damages. ............................................................................................................... 303

REGULATION OF MOTORCYCLE MANUFACTURERS, DISTRIBUTORS, DEALERS, AND WHOLESALERS ............................................................................................. 30456-16-180. Denial, suspension, or revocation of license. ................................................................ 30456-16-200. Civil actions; damages; effect of judgments as prima facie evidence. ...................... 304

PROTECTION OF TITLES TO AND INTERESTS IN MOTOR VEHICLES - CERTIFICATES OF TITLE ......................................................................................................... 30556-19-320. Certificate as prima facie evidence of facts therein. ..................................................... 305

TITLE 58 PUBLIC UTILITIES, SERVICES AND CARRIERS .................................................... 305PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION - ................................................................................................... 305REGULATION OF RATES AND SERVICE GENERALLY .......................................................... 305

58-5-310. Record of proceedings; transcript of evidence. ............................................................ 305SOUTH CAROLINA GAS SAFETY ACT OF 1970 ......................................................................... 305

58-5-1010. Records and reports of gas utilities; inspections and investigations by Commission; accident reports. ............................................................................................. 305

TELEPHONE, TELEGRAPH AND EXPRESS COMPANIES - ................................................... 306TELEPHONE COMPANIES - COMMISSION HEARINGS, INVESTIGATIONS AND

PROCEEDINGS ............................................................................................................................... 30658-9-1050. Self-incrimination shall not be invoked; immunity from prosecution. ................... 306

TELEPHONE COMPANIES - COMMISSION HEARINGS, ...................................................... 306INVESTIGATIONS AND PROCEEDINGS ..................................................................................... 306

58-9-1230. Certified copies of documents and orders as evidence. .............................................. 306THE GENERAL RAILROAD LAW ...................................................................................................... 307

58-17-120. Rules of evidence shall be same as in civil cases. .......................................................... 307INCORPORATION AND OPERATION BY PURCHASER OF RAILROAD ........................ 307

58-17-430. Certificate as evidence of incorporation. ....................................................................... 307RATES AND CHARGES; ROUTES .................................................................................................... 307

58-17-1890. Printed schedules shall be prima facie evidence. ........................................................ 30758-17-1990. Discriminating rates shall be prima facie evidence of unjust discrimination. ....... 307

PENALTIES AND LIABILITIES GENERALLY ............................................................................... 30758-17-4010. Testimony may be compelled; immunity from prosecution; production of

books and papers. ..................................................................................................................... 307ELECTRIC UTILITIES AND ELECTRIC COOPERATIVES-COMMISSION

HEARINGS, INVESTIGATIONS AND PROCEEDINGS .................................................. 30858-27-2060. Self-incrimination shall not excuse testimony; immunity from prosecution. ...... 30858-27-2070. Copies of official documents and orders as evidence. ............................................... 308

TITLE 61. ALCOHOL AND ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES ........................................................... 308BEER, ALE, PORTER AND WINE ....................................................................................................... 308

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61-9-40.Sale to person under designated age; penalties; evidence. .............................................. 308ALCOHOL - ................................................................................................................................................ 309OFFENSES, PROHIBITIONS AND ENFORCEMENT ................................................................ 309

61-11-290. Prima facie evidence of violation. .................................................................................... 30961-13-300. Manufacture, transfer or possession of distillery or integral part thereof is

unlawful. ..................................................................................................................................... 30961-13-470. Certificates of general sessions courts convictions; use as evidence; copies to

Department of Public Safety. ................................................................................................. 30961-13-820. Debts contracted for transporting or selling illicit liquors are void. ......................... 309

TITLE 62. SOUTH CAROLINA PROBATE CODE ....................................................................... 310GENERAL PROVISIONS - ..................................................................................................................... 310SHORT TITLE, CONSTRUCTION, GENERAL PROVISIONS ............................................... 310

62-1-107. Evidence as to death or status. ......................................................................................... 310GENERAL PROVISIONS ....................................................................................................................... 310

62-2-803. Effect of homicide on intestate succession, wills, joint assets, life insurance, and beneficiary designations. ................................................................................................. 310

PROBATE OF WILLS AND ADMINISTRATION - ....................................................................... 311FORMAL TESTACY AND APPOINTMENT PROCEEDINGS ................................................. 311

62-3-405. Formal testacy proceedings; uncontested cases; hearings and proof. ..................... 31162-3-406. Formal testacy proceedings; contested cases; testimony of attesting witnesses. .. 311

DUTIES AND POWERS OF PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVES ............................................... 31162-3-709. Duty of personal representative; possession of estate. ............................................... 311

SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO DISTRIBUTION ........................................................ 31262-3-907. Distribution in kind; evidence. ........................................................................................ 31262-3-908. Distribution; right or title of distributee. ....................................................................... 31262-3-910. Purchasers from distributees protected. ........................................................................ 312

UNIFORM VETERAN’S GUARDIANSHIP ACT ........................................................................... 31262-5-606. Facts which constitute prima facie evidence of need for guardian of a minor

ward. ......................................................................................................................................... 31262-5-607. Facts which constitute prima facie evidence of need for guardian of a mentally

incompetent ward. ................................................................................................................... 313TITLE 63. SOUTH CAROLINA CHILDREN’S CODE ................................................................ 313Chapter 3. Family Court ............................................................................................................................ 313Article 7. Private Guardians Ad Litem .................................................................................................... 313

63-3-830. Responsibilities. .................................................................................................................. 31363-7-40. Safe Haven for Abandoned Babies. ...................................................................................... 31363-7-420. Abrogation of privileged communication; exceptions. ............................................... 31363-7-940. Use of unfounded case information. ............................................................................... 314

CHAPTER 11. CHILDREN'S SERVICES AGENCIES ................................................................... 314ARTICLE 19. DEPARTMENT OF CHILD FATALITIES STATE CHILD FATALITY

ADVISORY COMMITTEE ........................................................................................................... 31463-11-1990. Confidentiality of information. ...................................................................................... 314

CHAPTER 13. CHILDCARE FACILITIES ....................................................................................... 315

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ARTICLE 3. PRIVATE CHILDCARE CENTERS AND GROUP CHILDCARE HOMES .. 31563-13-460. License denial; nonrenewal; notice, hearings; appeals. .............................................. 315

CHAPTER 15. CHILD CUSTODY AND VISITATION ............................................................... 316ARTICLE 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS .............................................................................................. 316

63-15-60. De facto custodian. ............................................................................................................. 316CHAPTER 15. CHILD CUSTODY AND VISITATION ............................................................... 316ARTICLE 3. UNIFORM CHILD CUSTODY JURISDICTION AND ENFORCEMENT

ACT ...................................................................................................................................................... 316SUBARTICLE 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS ...................................................................................... 316

63-15-320. Testimony of out-of-state witnesses. .............................................................................. 316CHAPTER 17. PATERNITY AND CHILD SUPPORT ................................................................. 317ARTICLE 1. PATERNITY ...................................................................................................................... 317

63-17-60. Admissibility of evidence. ................................................................................................. 317CHAPTER 17. PATERNITY AND CHILD SUPPORT ................................................................. 318ARTICLE 3. CHILD SUPPORT GENERAL PROVISIONS ......................................................... 318

63-17-460. Medical bills as evidence of costs. ................................................................................... 318CHAPTER 17. PATERNITY AND CHILD SUPPORT ................................................................. 318ARTICLE 5. ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS FOR ESTABLISHING AND

ENFORCING PATERNITY AND CHILD SUPPORT ........................................................ 31863-17-740. Service of notice of financial responsibility. .................................................................. 318

CHAPTER 17. PATERNITY AND CHILD SUPPORT ................................................................. 318ARTICLE 5. ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS FOR ESTABLISHING AND

ENFORCING PATERNITY AND CHILD SUPPORT ........................................................ 31863-17-810. Qualified expert; admissibility of report. ....................................................................... 318

CHAPTER 17. PATERNITY AND CHILD SUPPORT ................................................................. 319ARTICLE 11. INCOME WITHHOLDING TO ENFORCE CHILD SUPPORT ................... 319

63-17-1530. Record of payments and disbursements. ...................................................................... 319CHAPTER 17. PATERNITY AND CHILD SUPPORT ................................................................. 319ARTICLE 23. UNIFORM INTERSTATE FAMILY SUPPORT ACT ........................................ 319PART II. JURISDICTION ....................................................................................................................... 319

63-17-3100. Evidence from another state. .......................................................................................... 319CHAPTER 17. PATERNITY AND CHILD SUPPORT ................................................................. 319ARTICLE 23. UNIFORM INTERSTATE FAMILY SUPPORT ACT ........................................ 319PART III. CIVIL PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION ............................................... 319

63-17-3360. Nonresident party proceedings. ..................................................................................... 319CHAPTER 19. JUVENILE JUSTICE CODE ..................................................................................... 320ARTICLE 23. OFFENSES INVOLVING MINORS ......................................................................... 320

63-19-2440. Beer and wine purchase, consumption, possession. .................................................. 320CHAPTER 19. JUVENILE JUSTICE CODE ..................................................................................... 321ARTICLE 23. OFFENSES INVOLVING MINORS ......................................................................... 321

63-19-2450. Alcoholic beverages purchase, consumption, possession. ........................................ 321

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CCHHAAPPTTEERR 44 FFEEDDEERRAALL RRUULLEESS OOFF EEVVIIDDEENNCCEE ........................................................................................................ 332233ARTICLE I. GENERAL PROVISIONS ............................................................................................... 323

Rule 101. Scope; Definitions .................................................................................................................. 323(a) Scope ................................................................................................................................................. 323(b) Definitions. ...................................................................................................................................... 323

Rule 102. Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 323Rule 103. Rulings on Evidence .............................................................................................................. 323

(a) Preserving a Claim of Error. ......................................................................................................... 323(b) Not Needing to Renew an Objection or Offer of Proof. ........................................................ 324(c) Court’s Statement About the Ruling; Directing an Offer of Proof. ..................................... 324(d) Preventing the Jury from Hearing Inadmissible Evidence. ................................................... 324(e) Taking Notice of Plain Error. ....................................................................................................... 324

Rule 104. Preliminary Questions ........................................................................................................... 324(a) In General. ........................................................................................................................................ 324(b) Relevance That Depends on a Fact. ........................................................................................... 324(c) Conducting a Hearing So That the Jury Cannot Hear It. ...................................................... 324(d) Cross-Examining a Defendant in a Criminal Case. ................................................................. 324(e) Evidence Relevant to Weight and Credibility. ......................................................................... 324

Rule 105. Limiting Evidence That Is Not Admissible Against Other Parties or for Other Purposes ..................................................................................................................................... 325

Rule 106. Remainder of or Related Writings or Recorded Statements ......................................... 325ARTICLE II. JUDICIAL NOTICE ........................................................................................................ 325

Rule 201. Judicial Notice of Adjudicative Facts ................................................................................. 325(a) Scope. ................................................................................................................................................ 325(b) Kinds of Facts That May Be Judicially Noticed. ...................................................................... 325(c) Taking Notice. ................................................................................................................................. 325(d) Timing. ............................................................................................................................................. 325(e) Opportunity to Be Heard. ............................................................................................................. 325(f) Instructing the Jury. ........................................................................................................................ 326

ARTICLE III. PRESUMPTIONS IN CIVIL CASES ........................................................................ 326Rule 301. Presumptions in Civil Actions Generally .......................................................................... 326Rule 302. Applying State Law to Presumptions in Civil Cases ....................................................... 326

ARTICLE IV. RELEVANCE AND ITS LIMITS ............................................................................... 326Rule 401. Test for Relevant Evidence ................................................................................................... 326Rule 402. General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence ..................................................................... 326Rule 403. Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or

Other Reasons .......................................................................................................................... 326Rule 404. Character Evidence; Crimes or Other Acts ...................................................................... 327

(a) Character Evidence. ....................................................................................................................... 327(1) Prohibited Uses. ............................................................................................................................. 327(2) Exceptions for a Defendant or Victim in a Criminal Case. .................................................... 327(3) Exceptions for a Witness. .............................................................................................................. 327(b) Crimes, Wrongs, or Other Acts. .................................................................................................. 327(1) Prohibited Uses. ............................................................................................................................. 327(2) Permitted Uses; Notice in a Criminal Case. ............................................................................. 327

Rule 405. Methods of Proving Character ............................................................................................ 328

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(a) By Reputation or Opinion. ........................................................................................................... 328(b) By Specific Instances of Conduct. .............................................................................................. 328

Rule 406. Habit; Routine Practice ........................................................................................................ 328Rule 407. Subsequent Remedial Measures ......................................................................................... 328Rule 408. Compromise Offers and Negotiations ............................................................................... 328

(a) Prohibited uses ................................................................................................................................ 328(b) Exceptions. ....................................................................................................................................... 329

Rule 409. Offers to Pay Medical and Similar Expenses .................................................................... 329Rule 410. Pleas, Plea Discussions, and Related Statements ............................................................. 329

(a) Prohibited Uses ............................................................................................................................... 329(b) Exceptions. ....................................................................................................................................... 329

Rule 411. Liability Insurance .................................................................................................................. 330Rule 412. Sex-Offense Cases: The Victim’s Sexual Behavior or Predisposition ......................... 330

(a) Prohibited Uses. .............................................................................................................................. 330(b) Exceptions. ....................................................................................................................................... 330(1) Criminal Cases. ............................................................................................................................... 330(2) Civil Cases. ....................................................................................................................................... 330(c) Procedure To Determine Admissibility. .................................................................................... 330(1) Motion. ............................................................................................................................................. 330(2) Hearing. ............................................................................................................................................ 331(d) Definition of “Victim.” .................................................................................................................. 331

Rule 413. Similar Crimes in Sexual-Assault Cases ............................................................................. 331(a) Permitted Uses. ............................................................................................................................... 331(b) Disclosure to the Defendant. ....................................................................................................... 331(c) Effect on Other Rules. ................................................................................................................... 331(d) Definition of “Sexual Assault.” ..................................................................................................... 331

Rule 414. Similar Crimes in Child-Molestation Cases ..................................................................... 332(a) Permitted Uses. ............................................................................................................................... 332(b) Disclosure to the Defendant. ....................................................................................................... 332(c) Effect on Other Rules. ................................................................................................................... 332(d) Definition of “Child” and “Child Molestation.” ...................................................................... 332

Rule 415. Similar Acts in Civil Cases Involving Sexual Assault or Child Molestation ............... 333(a) Permitted Uses. ............................................................................................................................... 333(b) Disclosure to the Opponent. ....................................................................................................... 333(c) Effect on Other Rules. ................................................................................................................... 333

ARTICLE V. PRIVILEGES ..................................................................................................................... 333Rule 501. Privileges in General .............................................................................................................. 333Rule 502. Attorney-Client Privilege and Work Product; Limitations on Waiver ....................... 333

(a) Disclosure Made in a Federal Proceeding or to a Federal Office or Agency; Scope of a Waiver. .............................................................................................................................................. 333

(b) Inadvertent Disclosure .................................................................................................................. 334(c) Disclosure Made in a State Proceeding. ..................................................................................... 334(d) Controlling Effect of a Court Order. .......................................................................................... 334(e) Controlling Effect of a Party Agreement. .................................................................................. 334(f) Controlling Effect of This Rule. ................................................................................................... 334(g) Definitions ....................................................................................................................................... 334

ARTICLE VI. WITNESSES ..................................................................................................................... 335Rule 601. Competency to Testify in General ..................................................................................... 335

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Rule 602. Need for Personal Knowledge ............................................................................................. 335Rule 603. Oath or Affirmation to Testify Truthfully ......................................................................... 335Rule 604. Interpreter ................................................................................................................................ 335Rule 605. Judge’s Competency as a Witness ....................................................................................... 335Rule 606. Juror .......................................................................................................................................... 335

(a) At the Trial. ...................................................................................................................................... 335(b) During an Inquiry into the Validity of a Verdict or Indictment. .......................................... 335(1) Prohibited Testimony or Other Evidence. ............................................................................... 335(2) Exceptions. ....................................................................................................................................... 336

Rule 607. Who May Impeach a Witness .............................................................................................. 336Rule 608. A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness ........................................... 336

(a) Reputation or Opinion Evidence. ............................................................................................... 336(b) Specific Instances of Conduct. .................................................................................................... 336

Rule 609. Impeachment by Evidence of a Criminal Conviction .................................................... 337(a) In General. ........................................................................................................................................ 337(b) Limit on Using the Evidence After 10 Years. ........................................................................... 337(c) Effect of a Pardon, Annulment, or Certificate of Rehabilitation. ......................................... 337(d) Juvenile Adjudications. ................................................................................................................. 337(e) Pendency of an Appeal. ................................................................................................................. 338

Rule 610. Religious Beliefs or Opinions ............................................................................................... 338Rule 611. Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence .......................... 338

(a) Control by the Court; Purposes. ................................................................................................. 338(b) Scope of Cross-Examination. ....................................................................................................... 338(c) Leading Questions. ......................................................................................................................... 338

Rule 612. Writing Used to Refresh a Witness’s Memory ................................................................. 338(a) Scope. ................................................................................................................................................ 338(b) Adverse Party’s Options; Deleting Unrelated Matter ............................................................ 338(c) Failure to Produce or Deliver the Writing. ................................................................................ 339

Rule 613. Witness’s Prior Statement .................................................................................................... 339(a) Showing or Disclosing the Statement During Examination. ................................................. 339(b) Extrinsic Evidence of a Prior Inconsistent Statement. ........................................................... 339

Rule 614. Court’s Calling or Examining a Witness ............................................................................ 339(a) Calling. .............................................................................................................................................. 339(b) Examining. ....................................................................................................................................... 339(c) Objections. ....................................................................................................................................... 339

Rule 615. Excluding Witnesses .............................................................................................................. 340ARTICLE VII. OPINIONS AND EXPERT TESTIMONY ............................................................ 340

Rule 701. Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses ............................................................................... 340Rule 702. Testimony by Expert Witnesses .......................................................................................... 340Rule 703. Bases of an Expert’s Opinion Testimony .......................................................................... 340Rule 704. Opinion on an Ultimate Issue .............................................................................................. 341

(a) In General — Not Automatically Objectionable. ................................................................... 341(b) Exception. ........................................................................................................................................ 341

Rule 705. Disclosing the Facts or Data Underlying an Expert’s Opinion ..................................... 341Rule 706. Court-Appointed Expert Witnesses ................................................................................... 341

(a) Appointment Process. ................................................................................................................... 341(b) Expert’s Role. ................................................................................................................................... 341

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(c) Compensation. ................................................................................................................................ 342(d) Disclosing the Appointment to the Jury. ................................................................................... 342(e) Parties’ Choice of Their Own Experts. ...................................................................................... 342

ARTICLE VIII. HEARSAY ...................................................................................................................... 342Rule 801. Definitions That Apply to This Article; Exclusions from Hearsay .............................. 342Rule 802. The Rule Against Hearsay .................................................................................................... 343Rule 803. Exceptions to the Rule Against Hearsay — Regardless of Whether the

Declarant Is Available as a Witness ...................................................................................... 344(1) Present Sense Impression. ............................................................................................................ 344(2) Excited Utterance. .......................................................................................................................... 344(3) Then-Existing Mental, Emotional, or Physical Condition. ................................................... 344(4) Statement Made for Medical Diagnosis or Treatment. .......................................................... 344(5) Recorded Recollection. ................................................................................................................. 344(6) Records of a Regularly Conducted Activity. ............................................................................. 344(7) Absence of a Record of a Regularly Conducted Activity. ...................................................... 345(8) Public Records. ............................................................................................................................... 345(9) Public Records of Vital Statistics. ............................................................................................... 345(10) Absence of a Public Record. ...................................................................................................... 346(11) Records of Religious Organizations Concerning Personal or Family History. .............. 346(12) Certificates of Marriage, Baptism, and Similar Ceremonies. .............................................. 346(13) Family Records. ............................................................................................................................ 346(14) Records of Documents That Affect an Interest in Property. .............................................. 346(15) Statements in Documents That Affect an Interest in Property. ......................................... 347(16) Statements in Ancient Documents. ......................................................................................... 347(17) Market Reports and Similar Commercial Publications. ...................................................... 347(18) Statements in Learned Treatises, Periodicals, or Pamphlets. ............................................. 347(19) Reputation Concerning Personal or Family History. .......................................................... 347(20) Reputation Concerning Boundaries or General History. ................................................... 347(21) Reputation Concerning Character. .......................................................................................... 348(22) Judgment of a Previous Conviction. ........................................................................................ 348(23) Judgments Involving Personal, Family, or General History, or a Boundary. .................. 348(24) [Other Exceptions.] .................................................................................................................... 348

Rule 804. Exceptions to the Rule Against Hearsay — When the Declarant Is Unavailable as a Witness ............................................................................................................................... 348

(a) Criteria for Being Unavailable. .................................................................................................... 348(b) The Exceptions. .............................................................................................................................. 349(1) Former Testimony. ........................................................................................................................ 349(2) Statement Under the Belief of Imminent Death. .................................................................... 349(3) Statement Against Interest. .......................................................................................................... 349(4) Statement of Personal or Family History. ................................................................................. 350(5) [Other Exceptions.] ....................................................................................................................... 350(6) Statement Offered Against a Party That Wrongfully Caused the Declarant’s

Unavailability. .................................................................................................................................. 350Rule 805. Hearsay Within Hearsay ....................................................................................................... 350Rule 806. Attacking and Supporting the Declarant’s Credibility ................................................... 350Rule 807. Residual Exception ................................................................................................................. 351

(a) In General. ........................................................................................................................................ 351(b) Notice. .............................................................................................................................................. 351

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ARTICLE IX. AUTHENTICATION AND IDENTIFICATION ............................................... 351Rule 901. Authenticating or Identifying Evidence ............................................................................. 351

(a) In General. ........................................................................................................................................ 351(b) Examples. ......................................................................................................................................... 351(1) Testimony of a Witness with Knowledge. ................................................................................. 351(2) Nonexpert Opinion About Handwriting. ................................................................................. 351(3) Comparison by an Expert Witness or the Trier of Fact. ........................................................ 351(4) Distinctive Characteristics and the Like. ................................................................................... 352(5) Opinion About a Voice. ................................................................................................................ 352(6) Evidence About a Telephone Conversation. ............................................................................ 352(7) Evidence About Public Records. ................................................................................................. 352(8) Evidence About Ancient Documents or Data Compilations. ............................................... 352(9) Evidence About a Process or System. ........................................................................................ 352(10) Methods Provided by a Statute or Rule. ................................................................................. 352

Rule 902. Evidence That Is Self-Authenticating ................................................................................ 352(1) Domestic Public Documents That Are Sealed and Signed. .................................................. 353(2) Domestic Public Documents That Are Not Sealed but Are Signed and Certified. ......... 353(3) Foreign Public Documents. ......................................................................................................... 353(4) Certified Copies of Public Records. ........................................................................................... 354(5) Official Publications. ...................................................................................................................... 354(6) Newspapers and Periodicals. ....................................................................................................... 354(7) Trade Inscriptions and the Like. ................................................................................................. 354(8) Acknowledged Documents. ......................................................................................................... 354(9) Commercial Paper and Related Documents. ........................................................................... 354(10) Presumptions Under a Federal Statute. .................................................................................. 354(11) Certified Domestic Records of a Regularly Conducted Activity. ...................................... 354(12) Certified Foreign Records of a Regularly Conducted Activity. .......................................... 354(13) Certified Records Generated by an Electronic Process or System. ................................... 355(14) Certified Data Copied from an Electronic Device, Storage Medium, or File. ................ 355

Rule 903. Subscribing Witness’s Testimony ....................................................................................... 355ARTICLE X. CONTENTS OF WRITINGS, RECORDINGS, AND PHOTOGRAPHS ....... 355

Rule 1001. Definitions That Apply to This Article ............................................................................ 355Rule 1002. Requirement of the Original .............................................................................................. 356Rule 1003. Admissibility of Duplicates ................................................................................................ 356Rule 1004. Admissibility of Other Evidence of Content .................................................................. 356Rule 1005. Copies of Public Records to Prove Content .................................................................. 356Rule 1006. Summaries to Prove Content ............................................................................................ 357Rule 1007. Testimony or Statement of a Party to Prove Content .................................................. 357Rule 1008. Functions of the Court and Jury ....................................................................................... 357

ARTICLE XI. MISCELLANEOUS RULES ........................................................................................ 357Rule 1101. Applicability of the Rules .................................................................................................... 357

(a) To Courts and Judges. ................................................................................................................... 357(b) To Cases and Proceedings. .......................................................................................................... 358(c) Rules on Privilege. .......................................................................................................................... 358(d) Exceptions. ....................................................................................................................................... 358(e) Other Statutes and Rules .............................................................................................................. 358

Rule 1102. Amendments ......................................................................................................................... 358

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Rule 1103. Title ......................................................................................................................................... 358