chapter 1 subject astronomy basics · introduction to astronomy teacher initials: _____ ____ date:...
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 1
Subject: Astronomy Basics
1. SETI stands for____________________________________________.
2. A new field of space science looking for life is called
_________________________.
3. A planet outside our solar system is called an ____________________.
4. People studying the stars as a religion are called_____________________.
5. Astronomy/astrology became important in developing ___________________.
6. ___________________ first figured out how far was the Moon from the Earth.
7. When the Sun is at the center it is a___________ _____________________.
8. _____________ thought the universe orbited Earth.
9. _____________ used __________ to figure our heliocentricity.
10. His friend added the word ___________, to Copernicus’ book title.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Why would it be important to some in religion to have the Earth as the center of the
Solar System and Universe? Does it make a difference to you?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Across
1. National Aeronautic Space Administration.
4. Thought the earth was the center of the universe.
5. Search For Extra Terrestrial Intelligence
8. Pointed his telescope to the stars.
9. Father of physics.
11. Discovered that there were many galaxies.
12. Greek who figured out how far it is to the Moon.
Down
2. Users of the stars for fortune telling.
3. Declared that we live in a heliocentric
solar system.
6. Planets outside our solar system.
7. Chinese astronauts.
10. credited with the idea of space/time.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 2
Subject: Time
1. Another word for spinning is________________.
2. The Earth annually __________the Sun once, which is called a year.
3. When measuring around the latitude at the middle of the Earth it is
approximately ______________ miles.
4. The planet spins at a thousand miles an hour which gives us a _____hour
day.
5. The imaginary line around the middle of the planet is called the
_____________.
6. The northern, southern, or eastern, and western halves of spheres are
called ____________________.
7. When the amount of daylight and night are balanced it is called the
____________________________.
8. The tracking the phases caused by the orbit of the __________ gives us
the months.
9. Einstein created the______________________________.
10. Every four years we add an extra day to the month of
_______________. That year is called ____________________.
10. Math proves that time can only move forward but
__________________ prove it can also move _____________________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Word Search
Find the hidden words within the grid of letters.
clocks Mayans moonday rotate
Equator months orbit vernal equinox hours moon relativity years
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 3 Solar System Overview
Subject: The Inner Solar Regions
1. The mass of the solar systems mainly lay on the plane of the _____________.
2. The Sun makes up _____________ of the mass of the Solar System.
3. The Sun is traveling at nearly __________________miles an hour around the
galaxy.
4. The atmosphere of the Solar System is called the ____________________.
5. The inner planets are also called the ____________________planets.
6. The Asteroid Belt separates the terrestrial planets from the
________________________________.
7. Beyond the planets is a region called the _____________ Belt.
8. The Sun’s influence reaches as far out as _________________ AU.
9. 1 ______is equal to the__________________________ miles between the Sun
and the Earth.
10. The area dominated by the Sun and planets is called the
______________________medium.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Fallen Phrase
Find the hidden phrase by using the letters directly below each of the blank squares.
Each letter is used once.
Below, draw your artistic version of the inner region of the solar system.
Label objects and zones.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter: 3 Solar System Overview
Subject: The Outer Region
1. The outer most region of the solar system is called the ___________Cloud.
2. This area contains comets and __________________.
3. The outer borders may extend as far as_______________ year.
4. A light year is the amount of time it takes light to travel one year at a speed of
__________________miles per second.
5. The outer edge of the Solar System is called the ________________________.
6. Where the edge of the Solar System meets interstellar space, there is a bow
shock that can extend out as far as________________.
7. We have spacecraft called ________________and _____ out near, or in the
heliopause.
8. They are travelling at a speed of ____________a year.
9. Beyond the heliopause is a region called the ________________ space.
10. There are accumulations of __________ and _________ found in that area
and they are called ____________________ clouds.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
What are some comparisons you can between a Solar System and a body? Give a minimum of three
examples.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Double Puzzle
Unscramble each word. Then use the marked letters to solve the second puzzle.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter: 4 - 1 The Sun
1. Most of the Sun’s energy it sends out is in the form of _________________and
_______________rays.
2. These ________________have already travelled as far as 5 billion light years.
3. At the equator it takes the Sun ______days to complete ____spin.
4. The amount of ____________ the Earth receives from the Sun is equal to
________watts per square foot.
5. It takes about ______ minutes for sunlight to reach the Earth.
6. The diameter of the sun is ___________ miles.
7. The Sun’s surface gravity is _____ times of the Earth.
8. More than _____ elements are found in the sun.
9. The two main elements found in the Sun are ______________ and
________________.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Word Search
Find the hidden words within the grid of letters.
P E Y W M T E H E J W T S U N
H R H T R A E L O K H H I E Y
O E K U P T D E E T R G V C E
T H P Q K M H B W M Z I D T E
O P D R V Q D Q S G E L P Q I
N S C P E J G U F V F N D M K
S O P Z A W O D I A M E T E R
W M H Z I R O L E R O Z N S G
Q T Z M E Q Y P A U G E G X T
X A U G Y B B L J D R Q Y D W
V P N V H H O B Y G O D E Y S
H A F W K S D Z Y W N L H N B
D M J X L K U B U Z N Z W G F
M X Z W K U T O G M X Q Z X C
W W R U G X K H Q F G R Y Y K
atmosphere dangerous
diameter
Earth elements
energy
hot light
photons
power solar
Sun
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter: 4 - 2 The Sun
1. The Sun orbits the center of the galaxy every __________ million years.
2. Our Sun is known as a “____________________ one star”.
3. The “population one stars” contains the ___________ amounts of helium and
________________ elements.
4. A gas that is sensitive to _____________________ is called plasma.
5. The ___________________ is the highest layer of the Sun’s atmosphere.
6. Below it is the________________ region.
7. The Chromosphere is about _____________ miles deep.
8. The photosphere can only be seen when there is a ______________ eclipse.
9. The photosphere is the __________________ level of the atmosphere.
10. The bright areas are called ________________ and super _______________
can be as wide as ____________ miles.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
What if our Sun dimmed and cooled tomorrow or it got much hotter? What do
you think the effects on Earth would be? Give at least two examples.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Complete the puzzle using the clues shown below.
Across 4. 200 earth atmospheres
1. the highest layer of the atmosphere. 5. can be 19,000 miles wide. 3. gas sensitive to magnetism 7. population one star 6. 300 miles thick
Down 1. can only be seen during an eclipse 2. bright areas
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 4 - 3 The Sun
1. The photosphere is in the __________________of the Sun.
2. Pressures can reach as high as __________ billion earth atmospheres.
3. Nuclear reactions change ___________________ to helium.
4. The _________________ zone makes up nearly 48% of the Sun’s
_____________.
5. It can take up to a __________________years for a photon to pass through the
radiation zone.
6. Spiricules are jets of __________that can be as long as ______________ miles
and 600 miles wide.
7. According to many scientists, The Sun is a little more than _________way
through its l____________ cycle.
8. Sunspots are ____________________ areas on the Sun’ surface.
9. The first sunspots were recorded in _________ around ________BC.
10. ___________________was the first westerner to observe the sunspots.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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List six ways the Sun affects your life in a positive way. The list
four dangers from the Sun. Be prepared to share your ideas.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
1)
2)
3)
4)
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 4 – 4 The Sun
1. Sunspots can be as big as ___________ earths combined.
2. There is a pattern of sunspot activity known as the sunspot ______________.
3. The Sun has a __________________ field.
4. Sunspots act like super ________________.
5. About every ______ years the poles on the Sun _________________.
6. Solar flares can reach out as far as _____________________ miles.
7. Prominences are arched _______________ that happen out at the limbs of the
Sun.
8. The solar ___________ take ___days to reach the earth.
9. Someday, the Sun will burn mainly helium and become a red ______________.
10. Before burning out it will become a _________________________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
If the magnetic poles switched tonight, what do you think would happen to the
world and its economy tomorrow? Give at least three examples.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Draw a four panel cartoon showing four of the Sun’s affects on the Solar System. Try to use terms you learned in the chapter.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 5 - 1 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planets
Subject: Mercury
1. Mercury is within the ______________ atmosphere.
2. The surface can reach temperatures as high as _______ degrees and as low as -
______________ degrees, Fahrenheit.
3. Like the Moon, it has a ______________________ rotation.
4. It has _________ sheets located at the poles of the planet.
5. Mercury is the fastest orbiting _______________ moving at______ miles per
second around the Sun.
6. Mercury has an ______________ orbit around the ______________.
7. It is covered in a thin layer of ___________________.
8. The _____________ rays are ____ times more powerful on Mercury than what
reaches us on Earth.
9. It is not very reflective. Only ______of the light shone on the planet reflects
from it.
10. It has gravity that is only ________ of ours.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Word Merge Puzzle
Words in each line are merged together. Find the original words. Hint: The letters that
make up each word are still in their original order.
Why wouldn’t we want to send astronauts to Mercury? Give at least two reasons.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 5 -2 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planets
Subject: Venus
1. Venus is shrouded in a thick ___________ cover.
2. Venus is the ______________brightest object in our sky.
3. Venus revolves completely every ________earth days, meaning it turns
very____________.
4. Venus is a twin in the size of ______________.
5. Its daytime temperatures hover around __________ degrees.
6. The atmospheric pressure is ______ times that of earth.
7. Its rain consists of _________________ acid.
8. Venus is _____________ to the Sun than the Earth. It is
___________________miles closer.
9. Venus is actually within the Sun’s ________________atmosphere.
10. Carbon__________________ is the dominant _________ of the atmosphere.
11. Granite is one of the types of _____________ found on the planet.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
What comparisons can you draw between Venus and Earth. Give at least four.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Double Puzzle
Unscramble each word. Then use the marked letters to solve the second puzzle.
What would happen if you could go for a walk on Venus? Give at least three
examples.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 5 - 3 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planets
Subject: Earth
1. Our crust has a scientific name which is the __________________________.
2. Volcanic rock is found in many areas of the earth. We call this type of rock
__________________________.
3. ______________________________ rock is made by pressure.
4. A rock with orderly – ________________________ structure is called a mineral.
5. Some minerals are made from excretions of _________________ organisms.
One of them is called to _____________________ carbonate.
6. Most minerals are composed of more than one element, but ___________ and
___________________only contain one element.
7. Rocks take the shape of ______________ animals and can even contain
_________________and oil.
8. The area below the crust is called the ____________________ or the
athenosphere.
9. The core is made of _____________________ iron.
10. The surface is very hot, about _____________________ degrees.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Why are the understanding of the natures and uses of ores and minerals
important to our world? Give at least one example to support your claim.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Criss Cross
Complete the puzzle using the clues shown below.
Across 3. also called the crust 2. type of rocks from volcanism 4. rocks formed by pressure
5. the center 6. is molten rock 7. has a crystalline structure 8. is also called the mantle
Down
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1. can be from organisms
Chapter 5- 4 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planet
Subject: Water and Tidal Forces
1. Nearly _______________quarters of the Earth’s crust is covered in water.
2. _______________ are a movement of air _____________________ and
transfers energy.
3. Water can cause wearing away or __________________.
4. The sea’s mineral content is called its __________________.
5. The ____________________ force is created by solar heating, salinity, and
gravity.
6. When ________________ blows the surface off an area, lower waters arise, it’s
called _________________________.
7. The climatic warming of areas such as ________________and Ireland are
caused by the _____________Stream.
8. Deep and long currents in the oceans are called
________________________circulation.
9. The ______________and the ______________ gravity pulls on our oceans, we
call these tidal forces.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
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Write: Eight examples of ways water supports life. Share one idea with the class.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
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Chapter 5 - 5 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planet
Subjects: Earth, Fire, The Land
1. The Earth’s crust moves about, this process is called
plate____________________.
2. ____________________, are where the old land sinks back into the
___________________under the oceans and areas of volcanic activity are where
new land arises.
3. There are cracks in the earth, called __________________, where magma
comes up and is called ______________when it reaches the surface.
4. Volcanic openings called _____________________ are found shaped like holes.
5. Lava is _________________ rock that turns from a water fluid to a thickening
liquid. The _____________________ is a description of how fluid the lava is.
6. There are large fissures in the crust called _______________, where portions of
crust bump and grind. When the opposing land masses lock, energy builds. When
the locking structure breaks, shifts happen and the shaking is called an
_____________________________.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
What if a major earthquake happened in your area? Give four examples of
disruption it could cause.
Introduction to Astronomy
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How can earthquakes effect life here on Earth? Include: city and
road planning, emergency and communications planning and an experience you
or someone you know has had being in an earthquake. Minimum 50 words.
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Chapter 5 - 6 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planet
Subject: Earth, The Weather,
The Atmosphere
1. There can be large and violent storms that are born over warm tropical water.
When the winds are high but below ______miles a hour, they are called
___________________depressions. Above _____ miles an hour, they are called
_______________________.
2. Another powerful storm can occur when warm wet air meets a front of cool dry
air. Clouds begin to circulate and can form __________________clouds. If they
touch land become _________________________.
3. Both of these types of storms are characterized by: high winds, ________ walls,
eyes in the center, and _________________ on the outer edges of the eye.
4. Cold storms in the winter that have powerful winds are called
____________________.
5. Earth’s atmospheric events, such as _________________, can have affects on
the land, from erosion to flooding.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
How does weather affect the following: Your emotional state and your lifestyle
during the four seasons?
Introduction to Astronomy
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CONCEPT: The Power of Heat. Earth has hurricanes. It
is the only planet that we know that is capable of having a large, powerful storm
based on warm waters. Heat can be translated into power that can be used by
humankind. List and draw symbols of four items that are powered by heat. Then
answer as to how heat that is increased or decreased can have an effect on the
functions of those objects.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 5 - 7 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planet
Subject: Earth, the Atmosphere,
The Air and Space
Around the Earth.
1. We inspire (inhale) and use the oxygen part of the air. Much of the oxygen was
expired by______________. They breathe in _________________ dioxide that is
__________________or expired by animals.
2. Almost all organisms live in the area called the atmospheric area called the
_____________________________.
3. Above this layer of air is the ________________________ which starts at
25,000 feet.
4. A layer called the _______________ layer has particles that protect us from the
deadly ________________ from the Sun.
5. Above it is the ionosphere which provides additional protection from the Sun’s
___________ and allows ___________ signals to bounce off and return to earth.
6. The iron ______________spins and produces a ____________ field around the
earth. The process is called the _________________ effect.
7. According to many scientists, _______times in the last ______ million years our
planet has reversed its polarization. Within the next _____________ years the
compasses will start pointing south instead of north.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Double Puzzle
Unscramble each word. Then use the marked letters to solve the second puzzle.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 5 - 8 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planet
Subject: Mars
1. Mars is a rocky planet that has other things in common with Earth, including
that both have______________, although Earth’s _____________ is mostly in the
liquid form.
2. Like Earth, Mars experienced Volcanism and has the volcanic
________________ to prove it.
3. Most of Mars’ atmosphere and water is gone due to its loss of a
______________ field and loss of gravity and probably a big
__________________.
4. There used to be _____________________ water lying on the surface.
5. The highest mountain in the Solar System is on Mars. It is called
____________________ Mons and is and extinct _________________.
6. The study of the land surface of Mars is called ____________________.
7. The land and _________ of Mars has a red tinge to it, from all the _________
oxide lying about and in the air.
8. Rocks from Mars have been found on ____________. One of them may
contain _________________ of microbes.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Cryptogram
Decode the message by finding each substitute letter or symbol. Help: K = A , Volcanic Activity.
Concept: What if?
So, here it is; a “real” Martian life form. It was found 14 inches below the
surface in a patch of warmer ground. Now what? As director of the program,
what would you do with it? Would there be any safe guards put in place for the
life form or ourselves? 50 words minimum.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 5 - 9 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planet
Subject: Mars
1. Mars has about ________of Earth’s gravity.
2. Not only did the planet used to have floods, streams and seas, the __________
also probably produced rain there.
3. Now liquid water cannot survive on Mars due to its lack of _________ and
_________pressure.
4. In 2003 a certain unexpected gas was detected in certain areas of Mars. It
was_________________.
5. There are concentrations of the gas during the ______________ season and in
areas where there is thought to be _____________________ water.
6. There could be ___________________ life on Mars.
7. The ____________________ and soils could protect this life.
8. Mars size is small compared to the _________________.
9. Its surface area equals our ___________________ continents.
10. Mars is _______________ as big as our Moon and has _______________ the
gravity.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
What if we stop exploring Mars? How would that affect you? Why?
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Cold dry and dusty, Mars has a thin atmosphere and little protection from the Sun’s harmful rays. So why go there? Act as if you were in charge of the budget for space exploration and make an argument as to why or why not we should send humans to explore Mars. Include dangers and advantages. Weigh both and argue either yes or no for exploration. Be sure to include some facts you have learned so far from this chapter. You might be sharing your views with the class. Minimum 50 words.
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Chapter 5 - 10 Planet Introduction
and the Terrestrial Planets
Subject: Mars
1. The crust is up to_____ miles deep.
2. Mars does not have _____________tectonics because the planet has cooled
and dried, probably because it is much smaller than _______________.
3. The closest Mars is to Earth is ______ million miles. When it is farthest it is
_______ million miles away.
4. There is ice found on the___________ and _____________ polar caps.
5. The atmosphere of Mars contains ________carbon dioxide.
6.____________ are found on Mars. They are wispy at high altitudes.
7. Thanks to the rovers Spirit and__________________, many new discoveries
have been made.
8. High amounts of _________ and eroded rocks are additional pieces of evidence
that _____________ used to be abundant on the surface of _______________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Why would you think there is such strong interest in sending humans to
Mars? What purpose could it serve beyond looking for life?
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Review the chapter. Title one column with the word: Mars and the other
Earth. List the commonalities and differences between Earth and Mars.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 6 - 1 Gas and Extrasolar Planets
Subject: Jupiter
1. You could put ______________ earths inside Jupiter.
2. Jupiter is ________________ the size of the Sun.
3. The planet’s atmosphere consists of 86% _______________ and 14% is
______________.
4. Jupiter has layers of clouds that float over the tops of other gas
_______________.
5. Although the outer atmosphere’s temperature is _______ degrees. The inner
core can reach a temperature of ____________________ degrees, Fahrenheit.
6. Jupiter’s bow shock extends out ______________________ miles.
7. Jupiter is one of _______ ringed planets.
8. The ________________ is storm that has been around at least hundreds of
years.
9. One Jovian day is equal to ___ hours and _____ minutes.
10. Astronomers watched pieces of a_____________ hit the planet and one piece
of the _____________left a bruise the size of _______________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
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New Criss Cross
Complete the puzzle using the clues shown below.
Across
3. Another name for Jovian planet 7. More than any other object in the Solar System, except the Sun 9. Resembles liquid metal, near the core
10. The size of 20 to 30 earths. 11. Planet from the Sun Down
1. They are found around Jupiter and the other gas planets 2. Famous storm on Jupiter 4. Extends over 4,600,000 miles out
5. Color of the rings 6. Flew by it. 8. Volcano moon around Jupiter
In what way can this planet protect Earth? With what power can it do that? Minimum 30 words.
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Chapter 6 - 2 Gas and Extrasolar Planets
Subject: Saturn
1. Saturn is mainly composed of__________________, helium, methane
and___________________.
2. It has a total of 3,000 ringlets and is ______________miles wide, yet only about
__________ feet thick.
3. It is _________ times bigger than earth, yet it only takes _____ hours and 14
minutes to complete _______ rotation.
4. The distance from the Sun to _______________ is about the same as Jupiter to
Saturn.
5. Saturn emits more ___________ than it receives.
6. The rings are made up of objects that include ice particles up to ice chunks that
are the size of _________________________.
7. There is a ___________ between the rings, which is known as the
_____________Division.
8. Wind speeds range up to ______________ miles an hour around the equator.
But ______________ speeds are nearly _______________in the higher latitudes.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Criss Cross
Complete the puzzle using the clues shown below.
Across 2. Saturn has many of these
6. 30,000 miles 9. the ice contains dirt ___________ 11. up to a 1,100 miles an hour
12. 3,000 of them Down 1. 10 Earth hours 14 minutes
3. the space between rings 4. only 500 feet 5. throws off Saturn's orbit
7. Saturn only receives 1% of its light compared to Earth. 8. The greater the distance the ______ moons 10. caught by Saturn’s gravity
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Chapter 6 - 3 Gas and Extrasolar Planets
Subject: Uranus and Neptune
1. Uranus is invisible to us with the ____________________eye.
2. Uranus is spinning in its side, as if it is _____________________.
3. Uranus has a total of _______________ rings.
4. Uranus is about _______ billion miles from the Sun and takes _____ years to
complete ________ orbit.
5. So far, _____moons have been found orbiting Uranus.
6. Neptune is ______ times farther away from the Sun than we are.
7. 1 Neptunian year equals ________ earth years.
8. ______________ percent of the light shone on Neptune is _______________.
9. The magnetic __________ are tilted___________ degrees from the rotational
axis.
10 Neptune is a __________ planet.
11. There are ________ rings around the Neptune.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Double Puzzle
Unscramble each word. Then use the marked letters to solve the second puzzle.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 6 - 4 Gas and Exoplanets
Subject: The Dwarf Planets - Pluto
1. Five objects meet the description of planetoid or dwarf planet.
2. A plutoid has the same definition as a _____________planet but is found
beyond _______________, or is Trans – Neptunian.
3. Pluto was found in the year ________ and was defined as a planet until ______.
4. Pluto orbits the sun at a______ degree inclined plane to the ecliptic.
5. Pluto has a moon called_________, which is orbiting only ____________ miles
from Pluto.
6. Some believe that Pluto was once a __________ of Neptune and that its moon
is made up of the ____________ from the collision.
7. Pluto is located in the _________________Belt.
8. A spacecraft named New ______________, was launched in _______, taking a
seven year voyage to explore _______________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Why could it matter whether Pluto is a planet or plutoid? Elaborate with at
least 25 words.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Write a poem about Lonely objects such as Pluto. Include some facts you
have just learned in this section. Two stanzas minimum. You may be the lucky one
to share it with the class! You don’t have to rhyme.
Label the diagram.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 6 - 5 Gas and Exoplanets
Subject: Dwarf Planets - Planetoids
1. ____________is the largest Solar System object discovered since Neptune was
found.
2. It is _____ UA from the Sun and takes ________ years to orbit the Sun.
3. Eris has an atmosphere of _____________when it is closest to the Sun.
4. Makemake is about ____ the size of Pluto and is partly ______ in color.
5. Haumea has an ________ shape probably resultant from a _____________.
6. Hamea has _________ moons. __________ of them is 190 miles in diameter.
7. Sedna has an _________________ orbit and is found in the ___________
Cloud.
8. Ceres is located in the _________________ Belt and is also classified as an
_____________________.
9. Ceres has a diameter of ______miles and probably only has _____ identifiable
features on the surface.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Which would you rather visit planets or dwarf planets? Why? Minimum 25
words.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
Pag
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Write five facts about each Planetoid. Stay on the blocks!
Pluto Ceres
Sedna
Write down five commonalities between the three dwarf planets.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 6 - 6 Gas and Exoplanets
Subject: Exoplanets
1. Over half the stars in our galaxy belong to a 2 - star, or___________, systems.
2. ______________________ are usually detected through indirect means.
3. The common usage of _____________ velocity, that detects stars wobbling, is
the way most exoplanets are found.
4. Most exoplanets that have been are around the size of ______________.
5. The first planet spotted but not confirmed for ______years, was circling the
star called _______________ Cephie.
6. The most successful way to find a exoplanet is by using the ___________ effect.
The passing planet causes a change in the speed of the parent star and that
change is detected by an observed shift in ______________ colors.
7. As of January 2010, there ____________ known planets outside our solar
system.
8. Astronomers are looking for a “__________ earth planet” that is also a
“goldilocks ____________”, that could be able to harbor _________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
What if all that can be done is to spot planets? What if we cannot discover
more about them? Is that a waste of time, or not? Why?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Fill in a telescope view of a planet which would be ideal to find life. Label
the aspects. Also label the type of star that would be the best for your planet. Be
sure to name it!
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 7 - 1: Moons
Subject: Moons, General
Information, Earth’s Moon
1. The moon count in our Solar System was _______ as of 2010.
2. When a moon is _______________ it orbits the planet in the same direction as
the planet orbits the ________.
3. Irregular moons have ____________________ orbits.
4. Saturn has 61 moons and________ moonlets.
5. The Moon is about _____________ miles in diameter and averages
____________ miles from Earth.
6. The Moon is travelling at a rate of ______ miles per second.
7. The Moon has virtually _____ atmosphere, but is does have_________ ice.
8. The Moon only reflects _______ of the light shone on it.
9. The layer called ___________regolith covers the Moon, it consists of silicon
_____________, magnesium, calcium, _______ and dust.
10. The Moon is the second least _________ moon in the Solar
_______________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Do you wish we had more moons, no moons, or a different moon? What would
you want and why?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Word Search
Find the hidden words within the grid of letters.
E L L I P T I C A L P H R N H G V Y X G Y L P G A M Q J O I S P S C R E R A X P N E L I G
W I C E Z O W K O F D U O T H K J Q B G X E H V A N S U A L W H W R W I W R R A Z Z Q N A
I I A B C C R G R V Q L Y I N Q D E Z I N O R H C N Y S L D E N F D D R E M E Q E G Y C S
G O P Q T G F S Q G H F U N E Y O J E O V O M N F U E L I N G M R L R A L U G E R L X I C
E O I Q U L Y F G A D Z A X V A T W S A S E V M V H Y S R Z H N J G H C L A I K R B F A C
dense ice lunar regolith prograde synchronized elliptical Inclination mare regular highlands irregular moon retrograde
What would it be like without the Moon? If you could change the Moon, what would
you do? 30 words minimum.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 7 - 2: Moons
Subjects: The Moon
1. Small craters are called ____________________.
2. The largest craters are also called _____________ plains.
3. Micometeorites can hit the Moon at speeds up to _____________ miles an
hour.
4. ______________ caused by micrometeorite hits on the Moon is
_______________ times less effective than what air and water does on
______________.
5. The very thin moon __________________is most likely the results of decay and
out ______________.
6. The ____________ eclipse is the result of the of the Earth passing between the
_____________ and Sun.
7. The Moon’s gravitational pull on __________ causes ocean ____________.
8. The Giant ______________Hypothesis states that a _________________ hit
the Earth and the ______________ from that impact created the Moon.
9. The Moon is ________________ away at a rate of 1 ½ inches a year.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Double Puzzle
Unscramble each word. Then use the marked letters to solve the second puzzle.
What advantages would there be in having water on the Moon?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 7 - 3: Moons
Subjects: Titan, Iapetus,
Ariel, Triton
1. ___________is the largest moon in our solar system.
2, Titan is one of the _____ moons of Saturn.
3. Its atmospheric pressure is _______ of Earth’s.
4. Titan has liquid lakes filled with __________________________.
5. Iapetus is the third largest _________ in the Saturn system.
6. One side is ___________and the other is dark.
7. Ariel is about ______ the size of our __________ and was partially melted at
one time.
8. Triton may have _____________nitrogen pools below its _______________.
9. It has _____________ that shoot out the nitrogen and some______________
which leaves purple ___________on the surface.
10. Neptune may have __________________ Triton.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Gravity Why could this be a good symbol for gravity?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Criss Cross
Complete the puzzle using the clues shown below.
Across
2. found in liquid pools below the surface of Triton. 4. color of one side of Iapetus, surface 5. color of Titan's sky
7. larger than Pluto 10. third largest moon in Saturn system 11. defined by a mountain line on Iapetus
Down 1. has strange canyons 3. amount of nitrogen in Titan's atmosphere 6. falling on Triton
8. discovered Titan 9. found on Titan is gas, solid and liquid states
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 7 - 4: Moons
Subjects: Io, Europa, Ganymede,
Callisto, Pheobe,
Encleladus
1. Io is th______ largest object in the Solar System.
2. it has many active ______________ that spew out lava that is 1,400 degrees to
____________ degrees Fahrenheit.
3. It is the _____________ hottest place in the Solar System.
4. The whole surface of ______changes over 5 to 7 years.
5. Europa is covered in ______.
6. It has a warm ____________ below it that is heated by a molten __________.
7. Europa has all of what it takes to have __________ in its oceans.
8. Ganymede it the _____________ of Jupiter’s ___________.
9. It has scars called _____________________.
10. Callisto is the ________________ of Jupiter’s moons.
11. It is ice covered and the ________ is thicker than on Europa.
12. Phoebe is the ________ largest moon in Saturn’s system and is a
___________asteroid.
13. ________ of light shone on Enceladus is ___________________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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It is time to compare and contrast. Chart the moons in this chapter.
Name of Moon - Anchor Planet - Ice? - Atmosphere - Volcanoes- Liquid Water
Which moons have the potential for life? _______________, ________________
Which moon is an asteroid? ______________________
Which moon has volcanoes? _________________
Chapter 8 - 1: Rocks and Ice Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Subject: Asteroids
1. Shapes and sizes vary with________________.
2. Asteroids can also contain ___________ores. Much __________ has been
detected in some of them.
3. Most asteroids are found in the __________________Belt.
4. Asteroids can have ________________________.
5. The asteroid Itokawa, which was visited by a______________ spacecraft, was
found to be a ____________ rock, or chondrite, that is _________ feet long and
_______ feet at its widest point.
6. An asteroid named __________ has a small chance in hitting us in the year
________.
7. It is __________ feet in diameter.
8. It will pass near us and that will change its path. This is called the
________effect. ___________ years later, this effect may change the asteroid
trajectory enough to make it more likely to hit ___________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
What kind of asteroid would be interesting, or even fun to explore? Give two
examples why.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
Pag
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New Word Search
Find the hidden words within the grid of letters.
apophis compostion japanese micro gravity rocks Asteroid Belt hayabusa keyhole effect minerals shooting stars chondrite iron light silicates pha
Make two sentences, that makes sense, using ten of the words above.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 8: - 2 Rocks and Ice
Subject: Comets
1. Comets that wander in our Solar system have _________________ orbits.
2. The most famous comet is called ________________ Comet which comes by
every 70 years.
3. The head of the comet is called the ________________.
4. When it gets ____________ to the sun, the comet develops a __________ of
particles called a coma.
5. Fred Whipple described ____________ as dirty __________________.
6. Gases coming off the comets contain, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen,
____________ dioxide and silicates, all in the _______________ blocks of
____________.
7. The particles blown off the comet have interacted with solar winds and
become known as _______.
8. Most comets originate from the__________________. There are an estimated
one ____________ comets there.
9. The comet Shoemaker – Levy 9 was broken into ______ pieces and then
slammed into _____________________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
Pag
e60
Draw what you think a diagram of a comet should look like. Label and
describe the nucleus, coma, shock wave, and the tail.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 8 - 3 Rocks and Ice
Subject: Meteors and Meteorites
1. A _______________ is a natural object that is falling through the sky that came
from space. It can also be called a _______________.
2. Meteorites, or _______________, are what you call the objects when they hit
the surface, of which _______ of them are made of silicates.
3. They contain elements that can be traced back to the _____________ of the
Solar System.
4. When the meteorites are recovered they are called ___________.
5. About _____________ meteorites have been recovered in Antarctica.
6. NEOs stand for _____________ Earth Objects.
7. PHA stands for Potentially _________________ Asteroids.
8. ___________PHAs have been found as of January 1, 2010.
9. Most of the most dangerous objects are called long terms or
_______________________. They dangerous because they have not been
detected before or they drop by with _____________ warning. These are mostly
________________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
Pag
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Write down a summary of NEO’s and then why “long terms” are very dangerous.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
Pag
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Chapter 8 - 4 Rocks and Ice
Subjects: Meteors, Past Impacts
1. On average, every _________ years a random iron asteroid at least _____ yards
wide hits earth.
2. Every few hundred thousand years and object may hit earth that causes radical
________________________ changes.
3. A large object, probably a comet, exploded over the Tunguska region, in
_____________, Russia in __________. It knocked down thousands of square
miles of _____________.
4. The largest crater in the United States is called the ____________________
Crater and is located in ________________.
5. The site for the supposed meteorite impact that caused the mass extinction of
the dinosaurs is located off the Yucatan peninsula. It is called the
_______________ Crater.
6. The most famous meteorite was found in _______________. It is from the
planet___________. It may hold fossils of ________________life.
7. Comets probably contributed large amounts of __________to our oceans and
oxygen to our ________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Which do you think is more dangerous, an iron asteroid that is 500 feet wide
or a comet that is the same dimension? Why?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Imagination creates ideas
Write the answers on a lined piece of paper.
1. Why is it important to search the skies of comets
and asteroids?
4. What if you found out an iron asteroid the
600 yards wide was coming to a neighborhood
near you, the next day?
2. The impact will devastate an area the size of
Arizona. What are your priorities?
3. How can we prepare for a hit of that size?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 9 - 1 Stars
Subjects: Distance, Light
Measurement, Types of Stars
1. The _____________technique allows us to measure the distances to many
stars.
2. About _______________ stars have had distances accurately measured and
about ________________ stars have had their distances estimated.
3. __________________________ is one of our closest stars and is part of a
___________ star system.
4. The study of light is called _______________________.
5. When an atom is in a _____________ state it gives off the _____________
amount of energy.
6. Bright colors are formed when atoms _____________photons.
7. Each type of atom has different _____________levels and its own ___________
signature.
8. __________ are divided into __ classes.
9. The bigger the stars, the _____________ they get.
10. The hotter the stars the more ______________can be produced.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Think of a bright and dark colors that people wear. Now, think of sunlight in the
winter and summer. Why do people tend to wear certain colors during certain
seasons?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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New Criss Cross
Complete the puzzle using the clues shown below.
Across 1. photographed star spectrum
3. the bigger 6. no charge 7. amount of miles the nearest star is from the Sun
8. study of light 9. piece of light 10. stars come in different
11. negatively charged particles Down 2. measurement of distance from the Sun to the nearest star.
4. used to find distances 5. when an atom has lost 2 or more electrons
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 9 -2 Stars
Subjects: Movement, Brightness
Classification
1. Radial ______________can be used to measure how fast the star is moving
away from us.
2. Proper ______________ indicates side to side movement.
3. The Doppler ____________also tells us how far and fast the star is moving
away from us but it takes measurements _____ to 30 years apart to find out the
information.
4. Measuring ________________ can tell the speed of rotation and the power of
the star’s _____________________ field.
5. An astronomic term for brightness is ____________________.
6. Absolute magnitude tells the true ___________________ of the _________.
7. The brighter the star the ________________ it is.
8. Normal stars (90% of stars), are found in the _______________________ of the
Hertzprung – Russel Diagram.
9. The brightest star in our sky, other than the Sun, is ______________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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True / False
1. T/F Radial velocity measures the intensity of a star.
2. T/F In order to use the Doppler shift, you to need to measure daily.
3. T/F The Sun’s luminosity is equal to 3,850 billion, trillion 100 watt light bulbs
shining at one time.
4. T/F Absolute magnitude is a tricky thing.
5. T/F The majority of stars is within the main sequence.
6. T/F Absolute magnitude shows how bright a star is.
How does light affect Earth? Give minimum 3 examples.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 9 - 3 Stars
Subjects: Double Stars, Birth To
Death, Why Light
1. When there are two stars in a star system, the stars are
called_______________.
2. So far, over _____________ visual binaries have been logged.
3. A spectroscopic ______________ can be detected with light but not visually.
4. In __________, a planet in a ______________ system was discovered.
5. A star must be at least _____ times the size of _________________ to form.
6. An interstellar _____________ of gas is called a_______________.
7. To get a cloud of___________ and gas there must have been a star that
____________________.
8. The __________ wave of the exploded star stirs the nebula and
_________________occur. Some of the dust sticks and this starts to develop
enough gravity to attract more collisions.
9. A ____________________ is not using nuclear energy.
10. A flattened ______________ develops that will someday be ______________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
What if we suddenly had two more stars in our system? How do you think that
would affect the world?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
Pag
e70
What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages for life in a binary star
system? Write down 3 ideas.
1
2
3
What would the original Solar System Nebula say about Earth? Draw the nebula
and fill in the caption.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 9 - 4 Stars
Subjects: Phases of a Star, Light
1. After being a protostar, the next process is called
________________________________.
2. The T Tauri Stage is marked by large amounts of __ray emissions, many sun
spots and powerful ______________winds.
3. When the core reaches _____ million degrees Kelvin. Nuclear
______________begin.
4. When the gravity______________ with the energy pushing outwards the star
has reached _______________________ equilibrium.
5. Larger _____________ last a shorter amount of time and die violent
_____________.
6. When a ____________________ atom is heated enough it will combine with
___________ other hydrogen atoms and become a helium atom. The energy
released from this process is called ____________.
7. The energy released is in a particle called a _______________.
8. Photons are the fastest moving objects at__________________ miles per
second.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Cartoon Time: Use each square to draw out your impression of a phase of a star in which
you have read about. Be sure to label areas.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 9 - 5 Stars
Subjects: Fuel, Red Giants and
Dwarfs
1. A star needs to convert at least ______________tons of hydrogen to helium,
per second, to_________________.
2. An average size star will take about ___________________years to burn up all
its fuel.
3. Stars can be up to ________________the size of the Sun.
4. Red dwarf stars are the ______________ and ________________ stars.
5. These stars could keep _______________for up to ______trillion years.
6. When a star changes from burning _______________ to helium, it expands and
becomes a red giant. The moment the fuel switch takes place is called an
__________________ climax.
7 Our Sun will become a red giant, them a ______________ dwarf and finally a
black ______________ ball.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Write out a short story about the last days of the Sun.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
Pag
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Describe what you think will happen to Earth when the Sun into a red giant.
Minimum 50 words.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
Pag
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Chapter 9 - 6 Stars
Subjects: Variable Stars, End of Stars
1. Stars can vary between main sequence and red giantism. This is called a
_____________________ period.
2. Some ___________________ stars vary in brightness with a rhythm. They are
called variable ______________________.
3. Blue white giant stars that vary in intensity are called RR variables. So far
___________ of these have been found.
4. A long period ___________ can vary in brightness every 80 to 1,000 days.
5. The way a star dies depends on its ________.
6. Some stars end up with a ______________ core and their outside layers fly
away. They are called planetary nebulae of which ____________ of these have
been found.
7. A white dwarf ends up the size of our ______________.
8. But its gravity can be up to_________________ times as strong as ours.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Why would it be difficult to find life in a system that has a variable star?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Concept: You are a star and you are shrinking and as
you shrink you weigh more. Everything is heavier and denser. How would this
effect you and your surroundings?
The pressure! Minimum 50 words.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 9 - 7 Stars
Subjects: Dwarfs, Supernovas,
1. During the ____________stage, a nova may occur, which is a flaring of a star.
2. When all the __________ is spent, then the star will become a black
______________.
3. But, if the star is big it may end its life as a _____________________.
4. During that final phase, the temperatures could reach _______million
_____________Kelvin.
5. Carbon turns to _____________________, then nitrogen and silicon.
_________ begins to form.
6. The core turns into an ___________ ball and the balance is gone and a collapse
produces a gigantic __________________ called a ____________________.
7. The energy is so much that it can out produce all the light produced in all the
____________________ during the first moments.
8. The first astronomically understood supernova was recorded in ____________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
If you had the following in our cosmic neighborhood: a red dwarf, a white dwarf, a pulsar, a
red giant and a blue white straggler, which ones would you keep and which would you wish
not to be around? Why?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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What happens when a star goes supernova what happens to what is left? Write a
summary in the open areas. Use a diagram to support your writing.
Diagram
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 9 - 8 Stars
Subjects: Byproducts of Supernovas,
Neutron Stars, Pulsars, Black Holes
1. Supernovas produce the heaviest elements in the _________________such as:
nitrogen, _______________and carbon.
2. Virtually all of the elements within you can be traced back to a
________________________.
3. The core that is left has been stripped of __________________ and protons.
4. We call these stars: ______________ stars and they can be as small as
_________________in diameter
5. They retain tremendous gravity and spin rapidly, producing radio
______________ and gamma _______pulses. These stars can also be called
______________.
6. Eventually these star’s ___________slows down.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
From what you have learned, why is it a good thing that there are supernovas?
Name four byproducts from such an event.
Introduction to Astronomy
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A giant nebula, several light years across, left over from a supernova. Inside
several giant blue stars are forming.
Quick write: Why we call the length of existence of stars life spans, incorporate
terminology from this chapter. Miniumum 50 words.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 9 – 9 Stars
Subject: Black Holes
1. If the star is bigger than _____times the size of the Sun they may become
pulsars. But if they are _____________they become black holes.
2. A huge star after a supernova, will become a_____________________.
3. The core of the ______________________star cannot stop shrinking.
4. There is a point where the mass is so compact that there is no
___________between the atoms, or even the_______________. This is
called____________________.
5. The gravity becomes so powerful that passing __________________will be
captured and put into ______________________ orbit around the black hole.
They are located at the ____________horizon.
6. The black hole resembles a CD floating space with jets of ________________
shooting out of the middle.
7. Some black holes have swallowed up ____________________of star systems.
8. Some black holes have been spotted ________________ their fellow
______________ stars.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
What if there are wandering black holes? Would they be dangerous? Why?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Write the answers below the picture.
1. What type of system is this?
2. What would the disk represent?
3. What happens when a black hole gets close to another star?
4. What will eventually happen to the star on the right?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 10 -1 Galaxies
Subject: Descriptions
1. We live in a galaxy called the __________________.
2. A galaxy is a very large grouping of stars mixed with dust, gas and
________________________.
3. The thin clouds seen around distant galaxies are actually ______________.
4. The middle of a spiral galaxy is called the _____________________ and
contains the ________________ bulge.
5. Edwin ________________ recognized the first ______________ beyond the
Milky Way.
6. NASA estimates there are between 100 and 200 _____________galaxies in
the_______________________.
7. The estimates have risen lately because we can now peer through the center of
our ________________ to see what is beyond. That area was known as the
__________ of avoidance.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Galaxies are somewhat like... What? Try to compare galaxies with manmade
structures. Give at least two examples and explain why for each.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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You see below photos three galaxies. From your observations, explain their
differences and commonalities in the open areas:
Observations:
1.
2.
3.
Grade:
NGC 1510 and 1512 1
Galaxy M100 1
NGC 1300 1
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Chapter 10 - 2 Galaxies
1. We live in a______________ spiral galaxy. There are ______________globular
clusters of stars in the Milky Way’s nuclear bulge.
2. Our galaxy is about ______________light years in diameter.
3. Our arm of the galaxy is called the ___________ Arm.
4. The Globular_____________ contain anywhere from ______________to
1,000,000 stars. In them are found big and powerful stars called
blue____________________.
5. Most astronomers estimate that our galaxy is __________billion years old,
based on the Big Bang Theory.
6. There is a massive ___________ hole at the _____________of our galaxy.
7. Some galaxies form stars at a greater rate than others. They are called
__________________galaxies
8. According to the Big Bang Theory , most galaxies were formed in the early
history of the __________________ and are in the phase of accelerated star
production of___________________ years.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Below is an X ray image of the center of the Milky Way galaxy taken by the
Chandra Observatory. (Credit NASA) In the bright area is a massive black hole.
(See the same image in color in your homework DVD, in the Galaxy chapter.) List
three reasons why you think it would be difficult to have life in the center of a
spiral galaxy.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 10 – 3 Galaxies
Subjects: Where are we?
Galactic Formations
1. Our galaxy is part of a ______________structure containing other galaxies. This
is called the ______________Group.
2. Our closest large galactic neighbor is called ___________________ and will
someday _________________ with our galaxy.
3. Andromeda is estimated to be ______ million light years away from us.
4. The closest galactic neighbor is called _______________________Dwarf.
5. It is only______________ light years away.
6. At the moment out galaxy is consuming _______________ Major Dwarf and
Sagittarius __________________________galaxies.
7. Some galaxies have been influenced into their shape by other galaxies. These
are called ____________________ galaxies.
8. _________________________galaxies have many old stars.
9. Spiral galaxies have a nuclear bulge and arms and may have _______________
wave of matter between the ___________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Draw a spiral galaxy and label it.
Introduction to Astronomy
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New Double Puzzle
Unscramble each word. Then use the marked letters to solve the second puzzle.
Take six words from above and use them in a two sentence paragraph that makes sense.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 10 - 4 Galaxies
Subjects: Galactic Formations
1. Dwarf galaxies can also be called ________________clouds and dwarf
________________ galaxies.
2. Most galaxies are in clusters, but _____of them are not in clusters.
3. There are __________clusters that can range in area as much as 1
____________light years across.
4. Many of the active galaxies may have _____________________in the middle.
5. Most galaxies are _____________ parsecs away from each other.
6. Quasars are moving away from us at a rate of ________of light speed.
7. According to the Big Bang Theory the first 300,000 years of the Universe is
called the ______________________ Ages.
8. We now live in the _______________ age.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Draw out a field of various galaxies. Make at least 6. Put them at different angles and sizes..
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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This was a picture taken by the Hubble Telescope. Imagine holding a dime
out at arm’s length and looking at the eye of Roosevelt on the dime. That is the
size of the image area of space taken in this picture! Count the Galaxies and see if
you can get them all. # of galaxies_________ Hint… there is more than 20.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 11 - 1 The Universe
Subject: The Nature of the Universe
1. A major question that remains unanswered: How something can be made
from nothing?
2. Many people believe in intelligent design while many others prefer believe that
theory of evolution is correct.
3. The Big Bang theory states that all matter was in a tiny space and there was no
space between even particles. That is known as singularity.
4. This time of “singularity” is called the Planck Epoch.
5. According to the Big Bang” theory, when the explosion happened dark matter
moved out faster than the speed of light.
6. The first particles formed are called quarks and leptons.
7. The Universe is made up of 73% of dark energy, 23% dark matter and 4%
detectable matter.
8. Dark matter may be made up of heavy metals and brown dwarfs or axions
known as WIMPS.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Draw out the first four stages of the Universe according to the Big Bang Theory.
Label each stage and describe them.
1 2
3 4
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 11 - 2 The Universe
Subject: What is in the Universe
1. Space/time contains all ______________, their location, the vacuum of space
and all _________________.
2. WMAP stands for
___________________________________________________.
3. Light can travel _____________miles a year.
4. There is a background temperature of ______degrees, Kelvin.
5. The Universe spread out fairly evenly, also called:
____________________________.
6. Far away objects that are closer to the edge of the Universe are moving away at
_______________miles per second.
7. The _________________is expanding.
8. The one constant natural force to keep things constant and structured
is______________.
9. Some believe that there is more than _______Universe, in fact many of them.
They call them____________________.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Introduction to Astronomy
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You know as much as a cosmologist (studier of the Universe), when it
comes to predicting parallel universes, multiversus and the very beginning. Now
it is time for you to describe the Universe in your own terms. Try to answer the
following:
1) Is the Universe controlled or is it ruled by purely random events?
2) Where did matter come from in the first place?
Give reasons behind your beliefs, not just your opinions.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 12 - 1 History of Rocketry
Subject: Early History
1. The history of rocketry extends back over ____________ years.
2. The first rockets were made in _______________.
3. By ______________ the Chinese were using rockets on the battlefield.
4. The __________________also used rockets in conquering
__________________ in 1258.
5. The first E_________________ to see and make records of Chinese rockets
was_______________________.
6. The Chinese first used rockets for_______________; the_________________
were the first Europeans to do so.
7. British used rockets fired from planes to shoot down zeppelins during
_____________.
8. Germans developed the _____buzz bomb to attack the______________ during
World War II.
9. Werner ____________________headed the team to develop the rocket.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Why are rockets important? Give at least two examples.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Draw: Religious Use, Fire Works, Weapons and Space Rockets in
the squares.
1 Religion / Magic 3 Weapons
2 Fireworks 4 Space Rockets
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 12 - 2 History of Rocketry
Subject: V2
1. The V2 rocket could fly as high as _________________feet.
2. When ________________lost the war, the Americans and Russians wanted
their rocket__________________.
3. In 1950, the Americans moved their rocket site to ________________________
in Florida.
4. The first U.S. Army rocket was called the____________________.
5. The Jupiter rocket launched our first satellite,_________________________.
6. In 1962 ____________________________announced that we were going to
send men to the______________.
7. ________________rockets launched our men to the Moon.
8. The during ___________________flight of the Space Shuttle_______________,
the ship blew up shortly after______________________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Rockets are dangerous. Why? Give two examples.
Introduction to Astronomy
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New Double Puzzle
Unscramble each word. Then use the marked letters to solve the second puzzle.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 13- 1 Space Exploration
Subject: Intro,
the Russians 1957 -1976
1. As of the year ____________half the world still had not used a_____________.
2. The first space satellite, ______________was launched in 1957, by the
________________________.
3. The Soviets launched a dog into space named ______________.
4. In 1959, The Soviets sent ____________ to the Moon.
5. _______________ took the first pictures of the other side of the____________.
6. The _____________program was used to explore and _________the Moon in
preparation for a manned Moon_____________.
7. Venera 7 was sent to explore ______________and found out it is very hot
there.
8. The Russians tried to send probes to __________in 1971, but had little success.
9. By __________the Soviets emphasized ___________stations and espionage.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
What can a spy satellite spy on? (One example.) Also, how could a nuclear
nation launching a satellite threaten another country?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Design a space station. Include living quarters, 3 labs, energy system,
toilet, docking area, “kitchen”, storage, water storage, sleeping area,
communications and systems engineering section. In a weightless environment
you can use all the walls in the station. Be sure to label.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 13- 2 Space Exploration
Subject: The American Satellite
and Space Probe Programs
1957-1973
1. The first satellite the U.S. launched was on a _____________rocket and it
___________________ shortly after takeoff.
2. In 1958, ________________was to end up at the Moon but only went
_______________miles into space.
3. In 1962, ______________changed emphasis to a manned space program.
3. The Pioneer, Ranger, __________________and Lunar Orbiter programs were
to explore the ____________and prepare NASA for a ______________mission
there.
4. In 1960 NASA sent up _______________which was our first
_____________satellite.
5. The _________________program purpose was to explore Venus, _______and
Jupiter. Pioneer 10 passed______________ in 1983.
6. The _________________program was intended to land crafts on Mars.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Why are weather satellites important to: the military, our economy, and our
daily life?
Introduction to Astronomy
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Design your own space probe to explore the moon. Include: feet and
rocket thrusters to land, probe tools and communications device. Label all parts.
Make sure to write what the tools are doing and looking for.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 14- 1 Manned Space Exploration
1959 -1976, Russians in Space
Subject: Russian Space Exploration
1. At first the United States and the Soviet Union would not risk human life, rather
they sent ______________into space.
2. In 1961, the Soviets sent the first man, _____________________, into space.
The flight lasted a total of _______ minutes.
3. _________________________________was the first woman in space in 1963.
4. In 1964, the Soviets launched a _______________spacecraft that
had_____________ cosmonauts inside.
5. In March, 1965 __________________________was the first man to leave a
spacecraft for a “spacewalk”.
6. The Soyuz program was intended to get cosmonauts to the___________.
7. The head of the Russian space program died in ____________and caused the
loss of initiative for the Russians to get to the ____________first. They gave up
after the test firing of their moon _______________failed.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
Why would the Soviets and the United States care who is on the Moon first?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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This monkey and dog were sent into space. The dog was sent by the
Russians and the monkey by Americas. Dead monkey, dog, or man? What would
have you sent into space and why or why not? Write minimum 50 words.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 14- 2 Manned Space Exploration
1959 -1976, Russians in Space
Subject: Russian Space Exploration
1. Much of the_______________ space program was very secretive.
2. When the _______________________made it to the Moon, the Russian
leadership said their space program never intended to go there.
3. The Russians had to find a new emphasis for space exploration and came up
with the__________________ program.
4. This program created the first________________________.
5. Its purpose was to conduct _________________________and to spy.
6. A record of _____ days in space for three cosmonauts was set in 1971, but
unfortunately they __________ returning to earth.
7. The place where the Russians construct their launch vehicles and launch their
________________is called__________________________.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
The Soviets chose to be secretive and announce what happens only after the
events. The U.S. chose to show it all on live television. What does this say about
the two country’s governments?
Introduction to Astronomy
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Soviet Lunar Lander 1
What if the Russians made it to the
Moon first? Should we have gone anyway?
Would the world have changed?
Write a quick write of a minimum 50
words and then share your ideas with the
class.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 15 - 1 Manned Space Exploration
1959 -1979, Americans in Space
Subject: Early Exploration
1. For most of the beginning of the space age the United States was in
____________place.
2. School needed more emphasis on ______________and math while the
government gave large contracts to aviation and
electronic___________________.
3. The first manned space program was called_______________________.
4. ___________________________ was the first astronaut in space.
5. The flight was only _______________ minutes long.
6. ________________________had a successful flight but his capsule sank and
was lost.
7. ________________________was the first astronaut to orbit the earth. He was
in space for _____________hours.
8. ________________________stayed in space for _____hours, which was an
American record. The Russians had already had a cosmonaut stay in space for
___days.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Looking at the drawing and the capsule itself, what conclusions can you
draw? Minimum 35 words. (Write below the picture.)
Credit NASA
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 15 - 2 Manned Space Exploration
1959 -1979, Americans in Space
Subject: 1964 – 1979
1. ______________________made the commitment that Americans would have a
man on the __________before ____________.
2. The next step to going to the_________ was the ____________ program.
3. The Gemini 7 flight stayed in space for _____ days.
4. Gemini 11, flew ________ miles above the Earth.
5. The______________ program was for the purpose of landing men on the
Moon. The _____________crew died in a fire while preparing for flight.
6. The ______________rocket was_________ feet tall and produced 7.5
_____________pounds of thrust.
7. The Apollo ___crew circled the _________and returned to Earth.
8. The ______________crew went to the Moon. They were Mike Collins, Buzz
Aldrin and______________________. Neil Armstrong was the first man to step
on the Moon, on July 20,_________.
9. The astronauts brought back Moon rocks.
10. After the Apollo missions, NASA started the _____________program.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
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You get to go to the Moon! Describe your feelings when: You take
off. You are weightless. You land on the Moon. You take your first step on it.
You leave it and you come home. (100 words minimum)
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 16 - 1 History of Space Exploration
1973 – 2008
Subject: The Russians
1. The Russians sent six ________space stations into __________.
2. ___________________________established records for endurance in space.
3. In 1986, the Russians started the _________Program.
4. The Russians installed a power ____________________and lab in the space
station.
5. In 1995, the Americans sent __________________to Mir as part of a
preparation for the _______________________Space Station program.
6. During 1995, ___________________________finished a record _____ months
aboard the __________space station.
7. _________________________set an American record of ________ days in
space.
8. Space shuttles docked with Mir ___ times.
9. By _____________, the Mir had problems with its ___________ support.
10. In the year___________, the ______________station was allowed to fall to
Earth.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Why do you think the Soviets/Russians and the United States started
cooperating after competing all those years?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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You are in charge of the new space station program.
What would its purpose be? What military value could it have? What civilian and
scientific activities would you apply? Minimum 50 words.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 16 - 2 History of Space Exploration
1973 – 2008
Subject: The Americans
1. The initial cost of each space shuttle was __________________dollars.
2. It was capable of carrying a crew of_______________.
3. It was thought that the program would ______for itself
with_______________________________, repair missions, private industry
contracts and fees.
4. The space shuttles are _____feet long and have _____foot long cargo bays.
5. They have a foam exterior that can withstand __________degrees, Fahrenheit.
6. Shortly after launch, the shuttle _____________________blew up
in_________.
7. Another shuttle, the_________________, disintegrated coming home
in____________.
8. _______________________ road went on a shuttle mission and became the
_____________person to travel in space at the age of _____.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Imagine a spaceship with a million parts that could launch you into space, reaching a velocity of over
17,000 miles an hour. Would you go? Why or why not?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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“Space, the final frontier…”, It’s time for you to list and defend what
you think are good and not good, reasons for humans to risk life and
fortune on space exploration and utilization. Give reasons for and against
humans and human made machines, in space. 30 word minimum each.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 16 - 3 History of Space Exploration
1973 – 2008
Subject: The Chinese,
New Era, Space Probes
1. The title used for Chinese space travelers are____________________.
2. The Chinese sent their first____________________ to space in_______.
3. Voyager 1 arrived at _______________in ________.
4. It discovered _____________________on the moon Io.
5. Voyager 2 flew by _______________in ________.
6. _______________is the farthest travelled __________________space object.
7. The space probe _______________entered Jupiter’s __________________and
survived for _____ minutes.
8. Sojourner was a 20 pound ____________that traversed the surface
of__________.
9. Mars probes __________ and _____________________were supposed to
function on Mars for ______ days and instead lasted for over ___ years.
10. ______________________was launched in 2006, to travel to_________. It is
powered by _________________.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Imagine what feelings can be felt when your nation now can put persons in
space for the first time? Why would a government think that this is important?
What statement does it make about the nation and its science, economy and
industry to the rest of the world? (50 words minimum) In the box draw a logo and
below it write a slogan for your nation’s new space program.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 16 - 4 History of Space Exploration
1973 – 2008
Subject: The Hubble Telescope,
The Privatization of Space
1. A famous astronomer, Edwin ______________ had a
_________________named after him.
2. It was put into space in ________ aboard the shuttle __________________.
3. In ________, a crew on the shuttle __________________ was sent up to
capture the Hubble _________________ and repair it.
4. Every day the Hubble ________________ delivers between ______________
gigabytes of information.
5. It has observed more than _______________ targets.
6. Space ___ is a privately owned _____________company.
7. ____________________was the first ______________ in space. He flew to the
International Space Station.
8. ________________________has a waiting list for people wanting to take a sub
orbital flight into space.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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You have been seeing many Hubble images while doing your homework.
What impressions do the images you have been seeing leave on you? What is the
difference between just looking up and seeing what you can see with telescopes?
50 words minimum.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 17 – 1 SETI
Subjects: Rare Earth, Astrobioligists
UFOs
1. People who study the possibility that aliens are visiting us are
called_______________________.
2. The book _______________________ describes what it would take to have
intelligent life to exist on another planet.
3. ______________________ work with the theory of life on other planets.
4. The star must be in the ________________________category to support life.
5. You must have heavier elements than helium and _________________ in the
star system.
6. You must have _____________calm and also an ___________________around
the planet.
7. You would probably need to have some sort of______________.
8. The _________________________calls flying objects they cannot explain,
unidentified flying objects or UFOs.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Ever seen a UFO? Who would you call if you saw aliens walking around? Why
would they believe you?
Introduction to Astronomy
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Do you think there are intelligent alien life forms?
Why or why not? What, in society, has had an influence on you to form this
opinion? Minimum 50 words.
Draw your E.T. here.
Introduction to Astronomy
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Chapter 17 – 2 SETI
Subjects: Types of Galaxies,
Two Supernovas, Planetoids.
1. No _________________or blue – white spiral galaxies could harbor
_____________________life.
2. Spiral galaxies are very______________ and contain more_______________.
3. The _______________________has a wide variety of stars.
4. A giant _____________must go through a life ____________to create the
elements for life.
5. There must be another supernova nearby to stir up the
remaining_______________.
6. Some planetoids will be smashed by _________________collisions.
7. The distance near the star is important. Heavy element planetoids may get
destroyed or _________________into the star.
8. A white _____________has too little gravity and ____________to support life
9. ______________________are very rare events.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Its a rare event to win a lottery. Yet someone wins eventually. Is that the same
philosophy SETI should take when looking for aliens? Why or why not?
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Draw and label: the types of galaxy more likely to harbor life,
the type of star which is best to support life, the steps and pitfalls in developing a
star system capable of supporting life.
Galaxy Drawing Type of Star Drawing
Steps and Pitfalls:
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Chapter 17 – 3 SETI
Subjects: What more would it take
to have a planet than can support
Life?
1. A red_________ has a very short and heated __________span.
2. A white ______________also has too little gravity.
3. Meteoric ________________such as the one theorized that killed the dinosaurs
could stop life form progressing. A collision with a hundred mile wide rock would
________________Earth.
4. Gravitational effects from __________planets could prevent the planet to even
form.
5. Some stars are not bright enough for their first_____________ years to support
life.
6. How many ___________systems have a _______ brother planet to protect a
life - capable planet?
7. The ______________must be at just the right distance from the parent star.
8. You need a ______________with the essential ingredients for_________.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Give two examples of what can go wrong that could threaten your life. Does that make you rare? Why
or why not? If dangers are common, does that make the chance of alien life rare?
Introduction to Astronomy
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New Criss Cross
Complete the puzzle using the clues shown below.
Across
2. star that gives the correct amount of energy 3. a fiery hell 7. thinks there is no other intelligent life
9. protection planet 10. twice as big as Mars 11. triple star systems
12. what happened to this planet? Down 1. rolling sideways
3. a land builder 4. produces a shock wave 5. too little gravity
6. short heated life span 8. a word describing defense from cataclysm
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Chapter 17 – 4 SETI
Subjects: Fermi Paradox, Drake
Equation, SETI Searching
1. ____________________ asked important questions: “ Where is everybody?”
2. Reason number 3 is that we are not looking for the right
___________________.
3. Drake made an __________________that can come up with vastly different
answers.
4. SETI Institute listens to narrow-band extra solar________________________.
5. The___________ signal lasted for 72 seconds.
6. Sixty three search projects have taken place since the____________.
7. So far, nearly ___________ local star systems can tune in to some of our early
television.
8. The _______________Telescope transmitted a signal to space in 1974.
9. Paul Allen is sponsoring the __________Telescope ____________.
10. Interstellar gas and______________ will diffuse or block laser
_________________________.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
What would be two things you would like to know from an alien?
Introduction to Astronomy
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New Double Puzzle
Unscramble each word. Then use the marked letters to solve the second puzzle.
Over
here!
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Chapter 18 - 1 Night Sky
Subjects:
1. It is difficult to separate illusion from reality when one observes
the__________________.
2. The Earth is a sphere that __________________around its own axis.
3. Our _______________is also slightly titled on its side.
4. Many ancient cultures mapped the night sky so as to give
it______________________.
5. Mapped groupings of stars are known as_____________________.
6. Circumpolar ____________________are seen north of the_____degrees
north________________.
7. The terms, hours, _______________and second are used when measuring
longitude and _____________for latitude.
8. One can see about ____________stars in a clear sky,
without_________________.
Grade:
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Draw an imaginary constellation!
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New Word Search
Find the hidden words within the grid of letters.
L S R H S H N M K H C H G C C S A K O T D I V O W O C O R E A W N U M N N U X R S N M A L C Q O E U A R O I D S H Y L E R S I T D S N Z C T T T T O S I P E C E U O F E E N R H P T F S X N D N T L C B S O O M I I J Z S L Q L I I A G N L U A C N O I T A R U G I F N O C L I M N A T D I C A N C T G R S A E F I G R E E K W O C Y I P L L O S E E R G E D G L N C H A N D E C L I N A T I O N J E S L A N I D U T I T A L T M R A S C E N S I O N E D G C I E
ascension constellations horizon line minutes sacrificial celestial sphere declination hours mythology seconds
circumpolar degrees latitudinal north south configuration Greek longitudinal Roman
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Chapter 18 – 2 Night Sky
1. The point directly over the head of the observer is called the_____________.
2. The star only one degree off from the celestial ___________pole is
called_________________.
3. The Big _______________is made up of circumpolar______________.
4. The apparent nightly motion of the stars is called the ______________cycle.
5. The strip that borders both sides of the ______________is called
the________________.
6.The path that the __________follow is called the ecliptic.
7.The ecliptic map will become radically different in a few ____________ years.
Name: _________________________
Date: ______________
Period: _________
Grade:
If you could go into space, would you want to go to a moon, planet, another solar
system or another galaxy? Give two reasons why.
Introduction to Astronomy
Teacher Initials: _____________ Date: _________
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Fill in the blanks then draw and label where the star Polaris
would be located.
Earth
Congratulations on completing the workbook! Please write a short summary on what
you found most interesting about astronomy: