chapter 10
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 10Western Expansion and the National Policy
Treaties With First Nations
In America’s effort to expand the west they went to war and conquered the First Nations
When Canada decided to expand west they signed a series of treaties with the First Nations, because they wanted to avoid the high cost of lives and money that goes with a war
Some say this what distinguishes us from Americans, others say our injustices were with words and not swords
Treaty by Number
Starting in 1871 Canada started signing treaties with the First Nations in Rupert’s land in order to gain ownership of land and peace with First Nations in order to lay the National Railway◦so they signed treaty 1 first in 1871 and treaty
2 right after and so on until treaty 11 in 1921
Go through the treaty and find any place where you think the deal is better for First Nations and where you think it is better for Canada and record it in a T-Chart
Highlight or mark up where you find things in the T-Charts by number your T – chart and the treaty
FN Canada 1. Location of land does not make sense 2. FN not given enough land to hunt or farm
Based on the results of your T-Charts who do you think benefited the most from the FN treaties?
First Nations View of Treaty VS. Canada’s View
Canada viewed the treaty as way to gain ownership of land
First Nations had no concept of ownership of land and thought they were making a deal to share the land
First Nations kept oral histories of the events and Canada’s government kept written records, there is a difference between the 2 and Canada would only believe the written record. Some people believe Canada left stuff out of the written record even though they agreed to something orally
First Nations View of Treaty VS. Canada’s View
First Nations viewed the treaties as a way to preserve their culture in an era that was forcing change on them and thought the treaties would be permanent
Canada’s government saw the treaties as a way to assimilate First Nations, get them to adopt British ways. Canada did not think of the treaties as permanent because they thought First Nation culture was not permanent
What the Treaties Promised
EducationHealth careReserves – Land set aside for exclusive
use by First NationsRights to Hunt and Fish on all lands at all
timesFarming assistance – tools and seedsPayments – small annual sums of money
To what extent did cultural differences complicate treaty negotiations?
Was the Canadian government and First Nations people fully aware of these differences?
What if this was happening today with Canadians and Americans?
Residential Schools -
Were created by the government to fullfill the promise of education for First Nations declared in the treaties◦The schools would separate First Nation
children from families◦would only allow First Nations children to use
the English language and British cultural norms
Read page 313 and answer the respond questions
Read page 314 and answer the respond questions
Chapter taskThe Canadian government has hired your
advertising agency to promote immigration to Canada’s Western Frontier in accordance with the New National Policy◦Create a poster or radio add to promote
expansion to Canada’s west◦Make sure you add is exciting and tries to use
all 3 points of the National Policy if possible◦Attach a paragraph explaining your add
campaigns goals, where they will be distributed in the world and why you placed the things you did in your add campaign
read page 315 and answer the respond questions
The National Policy
read page 320
Chinese rail workers
read page 321 and answer the respond questions
read pages 322 and 323 and answer the respond question
Rail way Finished
read page 324 to 325 and answer the following question
do you think the “behind the scenes” comments were accurate opinions?
do you agree with those opinions?
Immigration to the West
read page 326 and 327 and answer the respond questions
Read 328 and 329 and answer the respond questions
read page 331 and answer the respond questions
read pages 332-333 and 336-337 and answer the following question◦Is their any similarities between the Canadien
and Eastern European immigrants to the other different cultural immigrants to the west?
Alberta and Saskatchewan formed
Read pages 340-341 and answer the respond questions
Chapter taskThe Canadian government has hired your
advertising agency to promote immigration to Canada’s Western Frontier in accordance with the New National Policy◦Create a poster or radio add to promote
expansion to Canada’s west◦Make sure you add is exciting and tries to use
all 3 points of the National Policy if possible◦Attach a paragraph explaining your add
campaigns goals, where they will be distributed in the world and why you placed the things you did in your add campaign