Chapter 10 Chapter 10

MexicoMexico

Section 1 Section 1 ObjectivesObjectives

●●Describe the main Describe the main landforms of Mexico. landforms of Mexico.

●●Identify Mexico’s Identify Mexico’s climates, biomes, climates, biomes,

and natural and natural resources.resources.

●●Describe the main Describe the main landforms of Mexico. landforms of Mexico.

●●Identify Mexico’s Identify Mexico’s climates, biomes, climates, biomes,

and natural and natural resources.resources.

What is the major What is the major landform in mexico?landform in mexico?

Mexican Mexican PlateauPlateauMexican Mexican PlateauPlateau

What mountain What mountain ranges surround the ranges surround the

mexican plateau?mexican plateau?

Sierra Madre Sierra Madre OrientalOriental East East

Sierra Mardre Sierra Mardre OccidentalOccidental West West

Sierra Madre del Sierra Madre del SurSur Southern Southern Pacific CoastPacific Coast

Sierra Madre Sierra Madre OrientalOriental East East

Sierra Mardre Sierra Mardre OccidentalOccidental West West

Sierra Madre del Sierra Madre del SurSur Southern Southern Pacific CoastPacific Coast

Give 2 fats Give 2 fats about Mexico about Mexico

city?city?

--Sits in Mexican Sits in Mexican ValleyValley

-At an elevation -At an elevation of 7,500 ft of 7,500 ft above seaabove sea

--Sits in Mexican Sits in Mexican ValleyValley

-At an elevation -At an elevation of 7,500 ft of 7,500 ft above seaabove sea

Define isthmus.Define isthmus.Narrow strip of land connecting Narrow strip of land connecting

2 larger land areas2 larger land areas

What is special What is special about the Yucatan about the Yucatan

Penninsula?Penninsula?- Flattest region in MexicoFlattest region in Mexico

- Large areas of Large areas of limestonelimestonecausing few causing few

riversrivers

-Has many caves & sink holesHas many caves & sink holes

-Steep sided depression that Steep sided depression that forms when the roof of a forms when the roof of a

cave collapses .cave collapses .

- Flattest region in MexicoFlattest region in Mexico

- Large areas of Large areas of limestonelimestonecausing few causing few

riversrivers

-Has many caves & sink holesHas many caves & sink holes

-Steep sided depression that Steep sided depression that forms when the roof of a forms when the roof of a

cave collapses .cave collapses .

What 3 things help to What 3 things help to explain mexico’s climates?explain mexico’s climates?

• Pacific Subttropical Pacific Subttropical High Pressure CellHigh Pressure Cell Arid & Semiarid Arid & Semiarid climates & Scrub climates & Scrub vegitation in the vegitation in the North and West.North and West.• Also limits Also limits

rainfall, making rainfall, making Northern Mexico’s Northern Mexico’s plains a plains a grassland.grassland.

What 3 things help to What 3 things help to explain mexico’s climates?explain mexico’s climates?

• ElevationElevation can can effect rain fall effect rain fall and temperature, and temperature, can allow for can allow for freezing freezing temperatures to temperatures to reach as far reach as far south as Mexico south as Mexico City.City.

What 3 things help to What 3 things help to explain mexico’s climates?explain mexico’s climates?

• Northeast Northeast TradewindsTradewinds causes rains from causes rains from the south & the south & southeast in the southeast in the summersummer, creates a , creates a tropical humid tropical humid climate in the climate in the Southeast.Southeast.

Give 1 fact about each of Give 1 fact about each of the following:the following:

• Major RiversMajor Rivers

• Mineral ResourcesMineral Resources

• PetroleumPetroleum

• Drain areas in Central Drain areas in Central Mexico, to provide Mexico, to provide hydroelectric power hydroelectric power & irragation.& irragation.

• Silver is most Silver is most valuable mineralvaluable mineral but but does not produce gold, does not produce gold, iron, lead & mercury.iron, lead & mercury.

• Has lots of oil & exports Has lots of oil & exports mainly to U. S.mainly to U. S.

Section 2 Section 2 ObjectivesObjectives

●●Describe the cultures of Describe the cultures of Mexico before the Mexico before the Spanish arrived.Spanish arrived.

●●Examine how Spanish Examine how Spanish control changed Mexico.control changed Mexico.

● ●Trace Mexico’s history Trace Mexico’s history since independence.since independence.

●●Describe the cultures of Describe the cultures of Mexico before the Mexico before the Spanish arrived.Spanish arrived.

●●Examine how Spanish Examine how Spanish control changed Mexico.control changed Mexico.

● ●Trace Mexico’s history Trace Mexico’s history since independence.since independence.

Give 3 facts about the early Give 3 facts about the early mexican people.mexican people.

• 1. Started Milpa1. Started Milpa growing all crops in one growing all crops in one plot, it is still used plot, it is still used today.today.

• 2. Build civilization with 2. Build civilization with large cities large cities

• 3. The Aztecs at one 3. The Aztecs at one time had the largest time had the largest city in the world.city in the world.

Give 3 facts about the early Give 3 facts about the early mexican people.mexican people.

early mexican people and the influence early mexican people and the influence of the Spanish.of the Spanish.

•How did the Spanish force and How did the Spanish force and spread their culture to the spread their culture to the native of Mexico?native of Mexico?

•Who were the natives in this area?Who were the natives in this area?

•Was it accepted or rejected?Was it accepted or rejected?

•Has this been done in other parts Has this been done in other parts of the world?of the world?

Define the following:Define the following:

• ConquestadoresConquestadores Spanish conquerors Spanish conquerors

• EjidosEjidos lands that different Indians worked lands that different Indians worked togethertogether

• HaciendasHaciendas large estates usually owned by large estates usually owned by wealthy families but worked by peasants or wealthy families but worked by peasants or IndiansIndians

• PlazaPlaza center for community market in front of center for community market in front of the churchthe church

• MestizosMestizos people of mixed European & Indian people of mixed European & Indian ancestoryancestory

Outline the Outline the Independence of Independence of

Mexico from Mexico from • 1810-18211810-1821 revolt against revolt against Spanish & won independenceSpanish & won independence

• 18481848 Mexico lost northern Mexico lost northern territory from Texas to California territory from Texas to California after war with the United Statesafter war with the United States

• 1910-1920- Mexican 1910-1920- Mexican RevolutionRevolution against dictator against dictator

government masked as government masked as democracy.democracy.

• 1810-18211810-1821 revolt against revolt against Spanish & won independenceSpanish & won independence

• 18481848 Mexico lost northern Mexico lost northern territory from Texas to California territory from Texas to California after war with the United Statesafter war with the United States

• 1910-1920- Mexican 1910-1920- Mexican RevolutionRevolution against dictator against dictator

government masked as government masked as democracy.democracy.

Pancho Villa on horse back.

What were the results of the What were the results of the revolution?revolution?

• Land ReformLand Reform Haciendas were broken Haciendas were broken up & and given to up & and given to peasant villages and peasant villages and turned into smaller turned into smaller farms called ejidos.farms called ejidos.

• This plan did not work due This plan did not work due to poor land & small plots to poor land & small plots

• 19921992 Farmers got Farmers got right to sell land. Most right to sell land. Most became commercial became commercial farmland or suburbs. farmland or suburbs. This allowed people to This allowed people to move to cities away move to cities away from the farm.from the farm.

Describe some ways mexico has Describe some ways mexico has become more modern.become more modern.

• Becoming increasingly Becoming increasingly urbanizedurbanized

• Expanded economy by Expanded economy by joining NAFTAjoining NAFTA

• Has stable tourism Has stable tourism industry (Acapulco, industry (Acapulco, Cancun, Mazatlan) Cancun, Mazatlan)

• Increasing urban Increasing urban problemsproblems

• Government becoming Government becoming more democraticmore democratic

Section 3 Section 3 ObjectivesObjectives●●Describe the Describe the

economic and cultural economic and cultural regions of Mexico. regions of Mexico.

●●Identify the Identify the challenges that face challenges that face

Mexico.Mexico.

●●Describe the Describe the economic and cultural economic and cultural

regions of Mexico. regions of Mexico.

●●Identify the Identify the challenges that face challenges that face

Mexico.Mexico.

Fill in the blanksFill in the blanks

• Mexico is divided Mexico is divided into ________ into ________ states & the states & the ________ district. ________ district. This is due to This is due to great _________. It great _________. It is useful to divide is useful to divide the country into the country into ____________ for ____________ for study. study.

• 3131

• CAPITALCAPITAL

• SIZESIZE

• 4 REGIONS4 REGIONS

WHAT MAKES WHAT MAKES MEXICO CITY SO MEXICO CITY SO

SPECIAL? SPECIAL? -IS THE CULTURAL, ECONOMIC & IS THE CULTURAL, ECONOMIC & POLITICAL CENTER OF MEXICOPOLITICAL CENTER OF MEXICO

-HOLDS APPROXIMATELY ¼ OF HOLDS APPROXIMATELY ¼ OF THE COUNTRIES TOTAL THE COUNTRIES TOTAL

POPULATIONPOPULATION

-GENERATES MUCH OF GENERATES MUCH OF MEXICO’S GDPMEXICO’S GDP

-IS THE CULTURAL, ECONOMIC & IS THE CULTURAL, ECONOMIC & POLITICAL CENTER OF MEXICOPOLITICAL CENTER OF MEXICO

-HOLDS APPROXIMATELY ¼ OF HOLDS APPROXIMATELY ¼ OF THE COUNTRIES TOTAL THE COUNTRIES TOTAL

POPULATIONPOPULATION

-GENERATES MUCH OF GENERATES MUCH OF MEXICO’S GDPMEXICO’S GDP

What seperates central mexico into What seperates central mexico into its own region?its own region?

•LocationLocation Northwest of Mexico Northwest of Mexico CityCity

•Mostly small villages from Spanish Mostly small villages from Spanish colonial timescolonial times

•Economy based on Agriculture Economy based on Agriculture and Cash Cropsand Cash Crops

What are some distinct characteristics of What are some distinct characteristics of the Gulf lowlands and southern mexico?the Gulf lowlands and southern mexico?

Gulf LowlandsGulf Lowlands

• Forest cut down for Forest cut down for commerical farming commerical farming

• Large oil & natural gas Large oil & natural gas depositsdeposits

• Veracruz is an Veracruz is an important sea port & important sea port & communication centercommunication center

Southern MexicoSouthern Mexico

• Very poor regionVery poor region subsustence agriculture subsustence agriculture and hand crafts make and hand crafts make up much of the cash up much of the cash income.income.

• In adequate schooling & In adequate schooling & transportationtransportation

How is northern How is northern mexico similar to mexico similar to

the U.s.?the U.s.?-Good infrastructure, roads, & Good infrastructure, roads, &

telephonestelephones

-Monterrey is an industrial city Monterrey is an industrial city with others industrializing & with others industrializing &

growing rapidlygrowing rapidly

-They also have maquiladoras. They also have maquiladoras. What is a maquiladora? What is a maquiladora?

-Good infrastructure, roads, & Good infrastructure, roads, & telephonestelephones

-Monterrey is an industrial city Monterrey is an industrial city with others industrializing & with others industrializing &

growing rapidlygrowing rapidly

-They also have maquiladoras. They also have maquiladoras. What is a maquiladora? What is a maquiladora?

What are the challenges that What are the challenges that geographers see for mexico?geographers see for mexico?

Economic InequalityEconomic Inequality Most are poor, Most are poor, while few are richwhile few are rich

What are the challenges that What are the challenges that geographers see for mexico?geographers see for mexico?

High crime due to povertyHigh crime due to poverty leading to leading to increased drug smuggling.increased drug smuggling.

What are the challenges that What are the challenges that geographers see for mexico?geographers see for mexico?

Improving the countries poor infrastructureImproving the countries poor infrastructure Water Water and Sewage system & Roads and Railways.and Sewage system & Roads and Railways.