Adjectives, Adverbs, Parallel structure

Chapter 10, pg 167

Adjectives

Words that modify (describe) nouns and pronouns.

Charlene is a studious person. She is studious.

Adverbs

Modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs. They often end in –ly. They usually answer one

of the following questions: How? When? Where? Why? Or To What Extent?

Charlene happily dreams about her vacation. You cannot be too careful. Charlene worked very quickly.

Adverbs

Common use (168)• Always - never• Even - not• Ever - now • Hardly - often• Just - only• Later - quite• More - seldom• Much - surely • Sometimes - too• Tomorrow - very

Comparisons – one thing, two things, three things.

• Light, lighter, lightest• Short, shorter, shortest• Fast, faster, fastest• Hard, harder, hardest.• Easy, easier, easiest• Helpful, more helpful, most• Slowly, more slowly, most

slowly (pg 169)

Irregular Comparative Forms

Adjective/adverb• Bad• Badly• Good• Well• Many• Much• More• Far• Little

Compares 3• Worst• Worst• Best• Best• Most• Most • Most • Farthest/furthest• Least

Compares 2

• Worse• Worse• Better• Better• More• More• More• Farther/Further• Less

Exercise 1, pg 1701. This chapter is ___________than the last one.

(easy)

2. She is the ______ woman in the police department. (tall)

3. That machine is ____________ operated than the one in the other room. (easily)

4. He feels ____________ today than he did yesterday. (good)

easier

tallest

more easily

better

Often Confused (pg 172)

Real: not imaginary, genuineThe medics responded toa real emergency.

Really: genuinely, trulyIt is really windy!

Really is the adverb!

Is it real

windy?

OR

Is it really windy?

Misplaced & Dangling Modifiers

• Modifier – a word or phrase, or clause, that functions as an adjective or adverb.

– My only brother…

– The marine, who is my brother, …

– Just yesterday…Precedes the word it modifies or

the flows well with the sentence. (see pg174-175)

Doesn’t matter you say…

• A woman passed by, leading a puppy in a long black dress.

• Reading a book, my cat crawled into my lap.• The vase was lying on the floor broken into

several pieces.

Exercise 3, pg 1751. I gave the puppy to my sister with the white

paws.

2. I am looking for the keys to the filing cabinets which are missing.

3. We decided to before the camping trip buy better sleeping bags.

4. As a pilot, passenger safety has always come first.

I gave the puppy with the white paws to my sister.

I am looking for the missing keys to the filing cabinets.

We decided to buy better sleeping bags before the trip.

The pilot always put passenger safety first.

Dangling modifiers

• A modifier without a logical or identifiable word, phrase, or clause to modify in the sentence. – Working on the car’s engine, the dog barked all

afternoon. • Correct it! (pg 176)– Create a new subject– Create a dependent clause w/ a subordinating

conjunction or relative pronoun

Exercise 4, pg 1761. Victor fed the dog wearing his tuxedo.

2. Visiting Yellowstone National Park, Old Faithful entertained us by performing on schedule.

3. Hoping to see the news, the television set was turned on at seven o’clock.

4. Running up the stairs, the train had already left for Philadelphia

Wearing his tuxedo, Victor fed the dog.

While we were visiting Yellowstone National Park, Old Faithful entertained us by performing on schedule.

Hoping to see the news, I turned on the television set at seven o’clock.

Although I ran up the stairs, the train had already left for Philadelphia.

Parallel Structure• Sentences with lists or items, should look like

this:

+ + The town was small, friendly, and peaceful. • Not like this:

+ + The town was small, friendly, and the

atmosphere was peaceful.

Parallel Structure

• Words in a series should be the same parts of speech.

• Phrases in a series should be the same kind of phrase.

+ +

Exercise 6, pg 1801. Winter in Chicago is very windy, extremely

snowy, and has many bitterly cold days.

2. I would prefer to fix an old car rather than watching television.

3. Mr. Lee is a helpful neighbor, a loyal friend, and dedicated to his children.

4. The apartment is crowded and without light.

bitterly cold.

fixing an old car rather than watching

a dedicated father.

dark.