chapter 10 the worlds of european christendom: connected and divided 500–1300 ap world mr. owen...
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CHAPTER 10The Worlds of European Christendom:
Connected and Divided500–1300
AP World
Mr. Owen
Fall 2012
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Eastern Christendom:Building on the Roman Past
• Intro– 330 CE = Constantine– 5th Century = West Falls– Byzantine advantages
• The Byzantine State– Political
• Persian style Court• Ultimate goal = taxes / maintain order
– 1083 Territory started to shrink– 1453 Constantinople conquered
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Eastern Christendom:Building on the Roman Past
• The Byzantine Church and Christian Divergence– Church was closely tied to the state:
“caesaropapism”– Orthodox Christianity deeply influenced all
of Byzantine life– Eastern Orthodoxy increasingly defined
itself in opposition to Latin Christianity
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Eastern Christendom:Building on the Roman Past
• Byzantium and the World– Byzantium had a foot in both Europe and
Asia , interacted intensively with neighbors– continuation of long Roman fight with
Persian Empire– Byzantium was a central player in long-
distance Eurasian trade– Important cultural influence of Byzantium
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Eastern Christendom:Building on the Roman Past
• The Conversion of Russia– Prince Vladimir of Kiev– Orthodoxy transformed state of Rus
• became central to Russian identity
– Moscow finally declared itself to be the “third Rome”
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Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Intro– Western Europe was on the margins of
world history for most of the postclassical millennium.
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Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Political Life in Western Europe, 500–1000– Traditional date for fall of western Roman
Empire is 476 C.E.– Results of Roman Collapse– Survival of much of classical and Roman
heritage– Several Germanic kingdoms tried to recreate
Roman-style unity
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Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Society and the Church, 500–1000– within these new kingdoms:– social hierarchies– Catholic Church was a major element of
stability– Church and ruling class usually reinforced
each other
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Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Accelerating Change in the West, 1000–1300– a series of invasions in 700–1000 hindered
European development– weather improved with warming trend that
started after 750– High Middle Ages: time of clear growth and
expansion
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Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Accelerating Change in the West, 1000–1300 (Continued)– growth of long-distance trade, from two
major centers– European town and city populations rose– New opportunities for women– Growth of territorial states with better-
organized governments
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Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse
• Europe Outward Bound: The Crusading Tradition– Medieval expansion of Christendom after 1000– Crusade movement began in 1095– Most famous Crusades aimed to regain Jerusalem and holy
places– Other Crusades
• Iberian Peninsula Crusade• Baltic Crusade
– Crusades had little lasting political or religious impact in the Middle East
– Crusades had a significant impact on Europe
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The West in Comparative Perspective
• Catching Up
• Pluralism in Politics
• Reason and Faith