Chapter 11The Early Republic

Seeking Statehood

• Tennessee territory belonged to North Carolina

• Tennesseans wanted to become their own state– NC couldn’t settle disputes with Native Americans– Too far away– Government did not act quickly enough

Seeking Statehood cont.• William Blount became the territory’s

governor.• Tennessee finally became a state on June 1,

1796• Tennesseans elected JOHN SEVIER as

governor• 1st capital of Tennessee- Knoxville

Population of Tennessee in 1790’s

• 77,000 people• Cherokee• Creek• Shawnee• English• Scots-Irish• French• Free and Enslaved African Americans

John Sevier

• Was elected as the 1st governor of Tennessee.

• Served as a member of Congress

President Jefferson

• Thomas Jefferson was elected as the 3rd president of the U.S.

• Bought the Louisiana Territory from Napoleon Bonaparte (France)

• Asked Lewis and Clark to explore the new territory

The Louisiana Purchase

Louisiana Purchase

• Americans wanted to be able to use the port in New Orleans, Louisiana to ship their goods

• President Jefferson bought the land from France for $15 million in 1803

• It doubled the size of the U.S.

Lewis and Clark• President Jefferson asked

Lewis and Clark to explore the newly purchased territory of Louisiana

• Had 3 tasks– Gather information about

landforms, plants, animals, and climates

– Study the cultures of the western Indians

– Explore the Missouri and Columbia Rivers

Lewis and Clark had assistance from:Sacagawea: an American Indian

York: an African American slave

Zebulon Pike

• Led 20 men up the Mississippi River

• Explored the Arkansas and Red rivers

Pike, Lewis, and Clark led the way to the

westward expansion

“The Star Spangled Banner”• During the War of 1812, on September 13, 1814, Francis

Scott Key visited the British fleet in Chesapeake Bay to secure the release of Dr. William Beanes, who had been captured after the burning of Washington DC. The release was completed, but Key was held by the British overnight during the shelling of Fort McHenry, one of the forts defending Baltimore . In the morning, Key peered through clearing smoke to see an enormous American flag flying proudly after a 25-hour British bombardment of Fort McHenry. He was so delighted to see the flag still flying over the fort that he began a poem to commemorate the occasion

“The Star Spangled Banner” Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light,What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming?Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro' the perilous fight;O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming.And the rockets red glare, the bombs bursting in air,Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.Oh, say, does that star-spangled banner yet waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?On the shore dimly seen, thro' the mists of the deep,Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,In full glory reflected, now shines on the stream;'Tis the star-spangled banner: oh, long may it waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave

“The Star Spangled Banner” cont.• And where is that band who so vauntingly swore

That the havoc of war and the battle's confusionA home and a country should leave us no more?Their blood has wash'd out their foul footstep's pollution.No refuge could save the hireling and slaveFrom the terror of flight or the gloom of the grave,And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave.

• Oh, thus be it ever when free men shall stand,Between their loved homes and the war's desolation;Blest with vict'ry and peace, may the heav'n-rescued landPraise the Power that has made and preserved us as a nation.Then conquer we must, when our cause is just,And this be our motto: "In God is our trust";And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave.

President Andrew Jackson

• 7th president of the U.S.• From Tennessee• Brave national hero• Popular with the common man• Took all of the government’s $

out of the banks– Because the poor man could not

borrow $ from banks

Trail of Tears

• Andrew Jackson signed the “Indian Removal Act”– He thought that American Indians were holding back

settlers’ progress– He ordered the Choctaw, Creek, and Chickasaw to

move to present day Oklahoma– The Supreme Court ruled this as against the law.– Jackson ignored the court’s ruling.– It became known as the “Trail of Tears” because the

American Indians were forced to leave, had little to eat, it was extremely cold, and diseases spread quickly.

Sequoya

• Created the alphabet for the Cherokee language