chapter 12 driving in adverse conditions 12.1 reduced visibility 12.2 reduced traction 12.3 other...
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 12
DRIVING IN ADVERSE CONDITIONS12.1 REDUCED VISIBILITY12.2 REDUCED TRACTION12.3 OTHER ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS
REDUCED VISIBILITYWHENEVER REDUCED VISIBILITY
1. SLOW DOWN2. SCAN EARLY3. PREDICT OTHERS MOVEMENTS4. DECEIDE POSITION WITH EXTRA SPACE CUSHION5. EXECUTE GENTLY TO MAINTAIN CONTROL
IF MOISTURE BUILD-UP
1. TURN ON FRONT DEFROSTER2. SWITCH ON REAR DEFOGGER3. USE AIR CONDITIONER/ HEATER TO HELP4. OPEN WINDOWS IF NEEDED
SUN GLARE
2. BRIGHTEST DAYS CREATE DARKEST SHADOWS3. LOW BEAM HEADLIGHTS HELP OTHERS SEE YOU
1. USE VISOR
DAWN AND DUSK
LOW VISUAL CONTRAST BETWEEN MOVING AND THE DRIVING SCENE
DAWN AND DUSK
• Driving can be dangerous• Use low beam lights
Night Driving
•Switch to Low Beam for Oncoming cars•Use Low Beam in Bad Weather
•Use High Beam Lights to See Further Down the Road
•Avoid staring at mirrors
•Glare of other headlights can blind you
Make sure you flip your rear view mirror to night driving to avoid
glare
Meeting Other Vehicles•Flick to Low Beam Lights•If Other Driver is Using High Beams Move to the right and Look for Curb•You May Also Flash Your Lights to Remind Oncoming Driving to Switch to Low Beams
Over Driving Headlights
Driving at a speed that makes your stopping distance farther than the distance lighted by your headlights
FOG
•Use Low Beam•Other cars appear closer than they are•Increase following distance
RAIN•Use Wipers and Low Beam•Avoid Deep Pools of Water
Reduced Traction
SNOW
•Slow and Steer Carefully•Slush and Ice build-up on Wipers and Head Lights
SNOW
•Fresh Snow at Low Temps
•Traction Can Be Good but…
•Covers Roadway Markings
SNOW
• Driving in tire tracks of others can help increase traction
Snow
Fresh Snow – Traction Fairly GoodPacked Snow – Low TractionSub Zero – EVERYTHINGS FROZEN
Hydroplaning
Tires lose Contact because they are on top of the WaterTire Tread Cuts through water to grip the roadIf Traveling Too fast…………………#!&@
Deep Water
• Estimate Depth– Fire Hydrants– Fences– Trees
• If water is higher than bottom of your vehicle, DO NOT ENTER
Rocking the Vehicle
Driving Forward and Backward quickly and Repeatedly.
IceOn BridgesBlack IceIce in Tire Tracks
Gravel Roads
Gravel act like marbles under your wheels and may cause skidding
Leaves Wet Leaves are slippery
Avoid Piles
Construction Areas
Trucks and Equipment leave mud, dirt, sand, on the roadway
Slow, Be Watchful for Workers!
Skidding•Over-Power Skid
–Too much power to the drive wheels
•Over-Braking Skid–No ABS, may lock up your wheels when stopping suddenly
Front Wheel Skid
•Loss of Steering–Release Accelerator or brake–Pump Brakes (if no ABS)–Steer towards path you want to go
Rear Wheel Skid
•Release Accelerator or Brake•Steer Quickly the direction you want to go•If Fishtail Counter steer according
Skidding In a Curve
•Happens when entering a curve too fast•May go off the road!•Let the Car slow on its own and aim for the roadway
Controlled Braking
Pumping the brakes gently to slow quickly
WIND
•Be Ready to steer into wind•Especially Dangerous when passing trucks
Hot Weather
•Cooling systems may over heat engine•Check gauges Often
Cold Weather
Exhaust LeaksDo Not Race Engine
Do Not Set Parking Brake
Bad Weather Driving Tips
1. Look and Listen to Weather Reports2. Keep Windows Clear3. Respect Lower Speeds4. Keep Safe Following Distance5. Keep Moving in Snow6. Lower Gear on Slippery Roads7. Avoid Cruise Control