chapter 12: web authoring tools section v: using multimedia authoring tools to enhance learning

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Chapter 12: Web Authoring Tools Section V: Using Multimedia Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning

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Chapter 12: Web Authoring ToolsChapter 12: Web Authoring ToolsSection V: Using Multimedia Authoring Tools to Enhance LearningSection V: Using Multimedia Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning

Section V:Using Multimedia

Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning

Chapter 12:Web Authoring

Tools

Learner ObjectivesLearner ObjectivesAt the completion of study, learners will be able to:– discuss research that supports the development of

usable, accessible web design.

– use terminology associated with basic web design.

– describe various methods used to create web pages and the pros and cons of each method.

– establish a web account, a public_html folder, and create a homepage (index.html)

– create a folder structure for the organization of web files, transfer files and work with graphics

– discuss ethical and legal use of images and files in a web environment.

– distinguish between information suitable for school versus classroom web sites.

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Learner Objectives, cont’dLearner Objectives, cont’dAt the completion of study, learners

will be able to:– examine classroom web sites that serve as

communication, showcase, and instructional tools for students and parents.

– identify elements that facilitate accessibility in web pages

– plan, design, and publish an accessible “classroom” website to serve as a communication and resource tool for students and their parents for curricular purposes.

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Basics: What is a web page?Basics: What is a web page?A web page is an document written

in HTML code and uploaded to a remote server for others to access on the WWW.

• group of related web pages make up a web site

• web pages are multimedia documents and contain text and graphics. Some contain audio and video clips.

• web sites are non-linear and are navigated with hyperlinks

• the entry to a web site is the homepage which is named index.html or (default.html)

• The server administrator will explain how to name the homepage.

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Basics: Benefits of web publishingBasics: Benefits of web publishingThere are multiple reasons for schools, teachers AND students to design web pages.

• cost of web publication vs.. print-based

• color is free on web

• distribution

• instant revisions

• ability to include multimedia elements

• ability to archive documents without stacks of paper

• ability to link students to huge amounts of information

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Basics: Information for School SitesBasics: Information for School SitesThe information on school sites is general in nature and apply to the entire population at the school.

• Typical information categories for school sites

– general information

– school administration

– school policies

– calendar of events

– extracurricular activities

– school newsletter

– parent organizations

• Within each category, there are sub-categories (see book) and should be decided for each school.

Section V:Using Multimedia

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Basics: Information for Teacher SitesBasics: Information for Teacher SitesThe information on teacher sites serves to communicate with students, parents and others.

• Typical information categories for teacher sites

– general information

– bio page

– instructional information

– showcase of student work

– class newsletter

– always links to school homepage and origin (faculty page)

• Within each category, there are typical sub-categories (see book) and others to be decided by teacher-designer.

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Basics: Methods for Creating PagesBasics: Methods for Creating PagesWeb pages are created using one of

four methods:

1. Writing HTML code

2. Using a HTML editor

3. Using a WYSIWIG editor

4. Using a template or wizard (online)

5. Let’s take a closer look at each of the methods.

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Basics: Writing HTML codeBasics: Writing HTML code

Initially all web pages were created by writing HTML code.

– extremely time-consuming

– no longer mandatory

– written with a series of “mark-up” tags

– mark-up tags have two parts

• opening tag <title>

• ending tag </title>

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Basics: Standard Mark-up CodeBasics: Standard Mark-up CodeStandard mark-up code is the minimum code required for all web pages.

<html>

<head>

<title> untitled document </title>

</head>

<body>

Major part of information is here.

</body>

</html>

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Basics:HTML editorsBasics:HTML editors

HTML editors allow authors to create/format a web page using a menu but there are significant limitations to design options.

– Examples

• Coffee Cup: download a trial version for Windows

• NoteTab: download a trial version for Windows

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Basics: WYSIWYG editors Basics: WYSIWYG editors

What You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) is a group of editors that allows the user to work in a document area similar to a word processor.

Multimedia elements are easily inserted.– Examples range from professional to free options

• MS FrontPage• Adobe GoLive• Macromedia DreamWeaver**: most popular• NVu: free (limited features)• Mozilla Composer: free with the browser (limited)

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Basics: Obtaining server spaceBasics: Obtaining server spaceServer space is offered by many entities. There are features to examine before choosing.

Pre-service teachers

– typically given free web space on their university server

– while they are actively pursuing a degree.

In-service teachers

– typically given free web space on their school server

– content limited to classroom business

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Basics: Obtaining server space (cont’d)Basics: Obtaining server space (cont’d)Server space for personal pages can be obtained for a fee from many hosts.

Check out features and benefits.

– Contract requirements: Time requirement?

– Cost for service: set-up fee, monthly charge?

– Disk space offered ?

– Site management?

– Support offered: 24 hours? Free?

– Domain names offered: Free?

– Required to use template or may you use another design tool?

– Reliability

– Security

Section V:Using Multimedia

Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning

Chapter 12:Web Authoring

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Basics: Building the folder structureBasics: Building the folder structureA folder structure is used for

organization. This is similar to a filing cabinet with the drawers being the different folders.

Root folder – base folder that holds all web folders/files– contains a universal homepage (index.html)

• Provides links/navigation to other folders or pages– contains project folders

• each folder has an entry (index.html) to the information in that folder

• each folder contains an images (art; graphics) folder to hold images

Section V:Using Multimedia

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Chapter 12:Web Authoring

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Basics: Naming web filesBasics: Naming web files

Files should follow common web practices to allow them to work correctly and easy to locate.

Naming the files– each file is given a name (identity)

• Short• Descriptive• Lowercase• No spaces (may use an underscore ( _ )

– each file is given an extension • Tells the user the file type• Web docs have .html or .htm• Graphics have .gif or .jpeg, or .png

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Basics: Web Page ComponentsBasics: Web Page ComponentsWeb pages have components that are

commonly found.

Basic components:– text– images– tables – hyperlinks

• internal (relative to the site)

• external (outside the site)

• email

– navigation scheme

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Basics: Planning the ProcessBasics: Planning the ProcessPlanning the site and the

navigation is one of the most important steps to a good design.

• Use the storyboard chart to plan the classroom site design and the way that your pages will link to each other.

• Plan the page design that will be used.– Background colors

– Typeface and colors

– Graphics

• Write the message for each page.• Locate the graphics (check copyright) for each page.

Section V:Using Multimedia

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Basics: Writing for the WebBasics: Writing for the WebWriting the message for web pages is different than writing for printed pages.

– Reading long blocks of text is tedious on the Web

– Writing should be concise.

• Consider using lists

– Match writing style to target audience.

– Match writing to reading ability.

– Avoid long pages that require scrolling.

Section V:Using Multimedia

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Chapter 12:Web Authoring

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Adapting for Special LearnersAdapting for Special LearnersAttention to accessiblity helps

make the site usable by the widest audience.

1. Creating a template structure insures consistency.

2. High contrast between the background and text.

– Avoid tile backgrounds.– Consider for those with color deficiencies.

• Provide alternative text for all images (alt tags).• Use images only when the text is enhanced.• Give option to link to a page without graphics that can

easily be read by a screen reader. • Links and titles should be descriptive and meaningful.• Summarize in charts and graphs.• Design tables being mindful of screen readers.

Section V:Using Multimedia

Authoring Tools to Enhance Learning

Chapter 12:Web Authoring

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Questions? ? ?