Chapter 14

The Age of Reform

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Chapter 14 Section 1

• Temperance means drinking little or no alcohol.

• Reformers blamed alcohol for poverty, crime, insanity, and break up of families.

• Horace Mann was the leader for educational reform, lawyer, changed school year to six months, changed curriculum, paid teachers more, and trained teachers.

• 1850s, most states accepted three basic principles for education.–Schools should be free and

supported by taxes.–Teachers should be trained.–Children have to go.

• Mainly only men were allowed to go to college. In 1833 the College of Ohio accepted women and blacks.

• Thomas Gallaudet opened the Hartford school to teach the deaf.

• Dorothea Dix fought for the rights of prisoners and mentally ill.

Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote the book, “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”. In it she

focused on slavery.

• End Section 1

Chapter 14 Section 2

• American Colonization Society bought slaves and sent them to start new lives. They did not keep them as slaves.

• William Lloyd Garrison founded the newspaper, “The Liberator” and worked to abolish slavery. He started the abolitionist movement.

• Sarah and Angelina Grimke were from the south and had lived with slaves their whole life. They spoke out about the cruelty of slavery.

• Angelina wrote the book “American Slavery As It Is” and it became on of the most influential abolitionist publications.

• In 1830, the first convention of free African American leaders was held in Philadelphia. They discussed starting a black college and immigration.

• Sojourner Truth used to be named Belle. She was a slave that escaped in 1826. She changed her name because she said, “I will now walk in the light of God’s truth”. She fought for women’s rights.

• The north was against slavery, but many of them would not fight for blacks’ freedom. They felt it would cause a war between the North and the South.

Extra Facts

• Thomas Jefferson’s greatest contribution as president was the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France.

• Northwest Ordinance was established in 1787. It was to create new states from western territories.

• New states admitted to the Union were equal to existing states.

• Congress elected judges and governors. • When they got 5000 free males they

could send one to Congress.• When they got 60,000 free people they

could write a constitution.• They would be admitted as a state.

• Battle of Saratoga in the American Revolution convinced France to support American Independence. They formed an alliance with the US government.

• Worcester V Georgia Supreme Court case, ruled in favor of the Cherokee nation. President Jackson refused to enforce the ruling and it led to the Trail of Tears.

• Era of Good Feelings increased nationalism and patriotism in the US. It happened after the war of 1812.

• The Nullification Crisis concerned South Carolina’s feelings with federal policy on taxes and tariffs.

• Samuel Morse invented the Morse code and telegraph.

End Section 2

• Tell me about the following items: (Section 1 notes)–Missouri Compromise–Wilmot Proviso–Free-Soil Party–Compromise of 1850 (5 main

points)