chapter 14f section quiz the nation's sick economy date chapter 14f section quiz the...

Name

Date

CHAPTER

14f section quiz The Nation's Sick EconomySection 1

A. Terms and Names Write the letter of the name or term that matches the

description.

a. credit f. Alfred E. Smith

b. speculation g. buying on margin

c. price support h. Hawley-Smoot Tariff Actd

. Black Tuesday i. Dow Jones Industrial Averagee

. Herbert Hoover j. Great Depression

1. This Democrat lost the presidential election of 1928.

2. This Republican won the presidential election of 1928.

3. This term refers to the stock market crash of October 29, 1929.

4. This term is the name of the most widely used measure of the stock

markets health.

5. In an effort to curb the financial loss farmers were suffering,

Congress tried to pass the McNary-Haugen bill, which would havemandated this on key crops.

6. This term specifically refers to paying a small percentage of a stocks

price as a down payment and borrowing the rest.

7. This term refers to making extremely risky business transactions onthe chance of making quick or considerable profits.

8. This reduced the flow of goods into the United States and prevented

other countries from earning American currency to buy American "

g

exports. |9

. This is an arrangement in which consumers agree to buy now and paylater for purchases, often on an installment plan that includes interestcharges.

B. Extended Response Briefly answer the following question on the back ofthis paper.

Describe the fundamental problems in one of the following areas of the economyand how they helped to cause the Great Depression: industry, agriculture, con-sumer spending and debt, distribution of wealth.

262 Unit 4, Chapter 14

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10. This is the period from 1924 to 1940 in which the economy plum- 1meted and unemployment skyrocketed.

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Name

Date

CHAPTER

14Section 2

section quiz Hardship and Suffering Duringthe Depression

A- Terms and Names On the lines below, write brief answers to the questions.

1. During the Great Depression, where would you have been most likely to

find shantytowns?

2. During the Great Depression, what did soup kitchens provide?

3. During the Great Depression, what were bread lines?

4. During the 1930s, what region became known as the Dust Bowl?

g 5. At the beginning of the Great Depression, what were the main sources£ of direct relief?

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9 B- Extended Response Briefly answer the following question. If you need more ,. room, continue on the back of this paper.

Identify some of the physical and emotional health problems caused by theGreat Depression.

The Great Depression Begins 263

Name

Date

CHAPTER

14Section 3

section quiz Hoover Struggles withthe Depression

A- Terms and Names If the statement is true, write "true" on the line. If it is false,

change the underlined word or words to make it true.

Example: Herbert Hoover believed that one of government s chief functions wasto foster cooperation between competing interests.

Example: At first, Hoover supported direct federal aid for the needy. opposed

\

1. Shasta Dam, now called Hoover Dam, became the worlds tallest and second

largest dam, providing the region with electricity, flood control, and a regular

water supply ,

2. Congress passed the Federal Home Loan Bank Act to lower mortgage rates for

home owners and allow farmers to refinance their loans.

3. The Patman Bill was intended to pump new life into the economy by providing

emergency financing to various types of small businesses.


4. Hoover s image suffered when he ordered the forced removal of 2,000 members

of the Bonus Army-hoboes who had built a shantytown within sight of the Capitol

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B. Extended Response Briefly answer the following question. If you need more 1?room, continue on the back of this paper. J?

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Compare President Hoover s response to the stock market crash of 1929 to his oresponse to the Great Depression in the early 1930s. =

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Name

Date

J chapter test The Great Depression BeginsForm A

CHAPTER

14

Part 1: Main Ideas

Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each)

1. Which of the following increased in the 1920s?

a. farmers' debts c. foreign demand for U.S. farm productsb

. prices for farm products d. domestic demand for U.S. farm products

2. Which was not a cause of the Great Depression?

a. tariffs on foreign goods c. a growing number of homeless people

b. the availability of easy credit d. a crisis in the farm sector

3. Which was not a cause of the Dust Bowl?

a. drought c. thick layers of prairie grassesb

. high winds d. overproduction of crops

4. After the stock market crash, how did President Hoover try to help

the economy?a

. by closing banks c. by funding handouts of food and clothingb

. by lowering foreign tariffs d. by asking businesses not to lay off employees

5. Who made up the Bonus Army that marched on Washington?

a. World War I veterans and their families

b. farmers forced off their land by dust storms

c. unemployed industrial workers and their families

d. business and labor leaders who agreed to work together

6. Which candidates ran for president in 1932?

"§ a. Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover| b. Calvin Coolidge and Franklin D. Roosevelt2 c. Herbert Hoover and Alfred E. Smith

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7. What does buying a stock on margin mean?S a. purchasing the stock outside the regular stock exchangeg b. buying the stock for someone else

c. paying less than the market price of the stock§> d

. borrowing money to help pay for the stock

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8. Which of the following was not an effect of the Great Depression?© a. Many children had a poor diet. c. Many men became unemployed.

b. Many families became homeless. d. Many people started farming.


Name Test Form A continued

9. What name was given to the men and boys who rode the rails as they

searched for work?

a. Bonus Marchers c. hoboes

b. speculators d. Okies

10. Which of the following describes a government system for givingpayments or food to the poor?

a. rugged individualism c. Bonus Armyb

. direct relief d. price support

Part 2: Map Skills

Use the map to complete this section. Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each)

11. How many states were part of the Dust Bowl?a. 5 states c. 20 states

b. 10 states d. 25 states

12. Which of the following states suffered the most damage during theDust Bowl period?

a. North Dakota c. Kansas

b. Minnesota d. Missouri

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13. Which map symbol indicates the area covered by the May 1934 duststorm?

a. a striped area c. a solid lineb

. a shaded area d. a dashed line

14. How far did migrants on Route 66 travel from Oklahoma City toBakersfield, California?

a. about 300 miles c. about 1,200 miles

b. about 600 miles d. about 1,600 miles

15. Going from east to west on Route 66, what states did Dust Bowl

migrants pass through?a

. Oklahoma, New Mexico, Texas, Arizona, Californiab

. Oklahoma, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Californiac

. Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Californiad

. Oklahoma, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, California

Part 3: Document-Based Questions

Historical Context: As the nation plunged into the Great Depression, people s liveswere dramatically altered. In the early 1930s, the sharp effects of economic want werefelt across the nation.

Study each document carefully and answer the question about it. (4 points each)

Document 1

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The first hard times I remember came in 1933, when I was in the eighthgrade. Travis and Son shut down and for six months Dad didn

't draw a

penny. ...

. . . For a whole week one time we didn't have anything to eat but potatoes.Another time my brother went around to the grocery stores and got them togive him meat for his dog-only he didn

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t have any dog. We ate that dogmeat with the potatoes. I went to school hungry and came home to a housewhere there wasn'

t any fire. The lights were cut off. They came out and cutoff the water. ...

I remember lying in bed one night and thinking. All at once I realized some-thing. We were poor. Lord! It was weeks before I could get over that. ...

We lost our car and house and kept moving from one house to another. Billcollectors hunted us down and came in droves. Every now and then mybrother or Dad would find some sort of odd job to do, or the other brotherin Chicago would send us a little something. Then we'd go wild over food.We'd eat until we were sick. . . . The sight and smell of food sort of made uscrazy, I guess.

-recollection of a teenage boy



16. According to this recollection, what did a working class family eat during theDepression?

Document 2

With the financial collapse in October 1929, a large mass of Negroes werefaced with the reality of starvation and they turned sadly to public relief. . . .Meanwhile men, women and children combed the streets and searched in

garbage cans for food, foraging with dogs and cats. . . .

Many families had been reduced to living below street level. . . . Floors wereof cracked concrete, and the walls were whitewashed rock, water-drenched

and rust-streaked. There were only slits for a window and a tin can in a cor-ner was the only toilet.

Shunted into these run-down sections, Negroes were forced to pay exorbi-tant rents to landlords who flagrantly violated the city building and sanitarycodes. . . . More than half the Negro families were forced to take in lodgersto augment the family income. Frequently, whole families slept in one room.Envied was the family who had a night worker as a lodger, for he wouldoccupy a bed in the day that would be rented out at night. ... If the familyhad a bathtub

, it, too, was covered with boards and rented out.

-from the autobiography of New York City social workerAnna Arnold Hedgeman

17. According to this account, where did many African-American city dwellersend up living during the Depression?

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Document 3

Detroit, Mich.

September 29, 1931

Mr. Walter Gifford

Dear Sir:

. . . You have told us to spend to end the [economic] slump, but you did nottell us what to use for money, after being out of work for two years you tellus this. Pres. Hoover on the other hand tells the working man to buildhomes, and in face of the fact nearly every working man has had his hometaken off him. . . . This is a radical letter but the time is here to be radical.

When an average of two a day has to take their own life right in the City ofDetroit because they can not see their way out. Right in the city where oneof the worlds riches men lives who made last year 259,000,000 dollars.where hundreds of peoples are starving to death. . . .The other day our Pres.Hoover came to Detroit and kidded the soldier boys out of their bonus. PresHoover a millionaire worth about 12,000,000 dollars drawing a salary of75,000 per year from the government asking some boys to forgo their bonussome of them have not 12 dollars of their own. . . .

-letter from an unemployed tool designer to a member of thePresident s Organization for Unemployment Relief

18. According to this letter, what did President Hoover, or those who worked forhim, tell people to do to try to end the Depression?

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19. During the Great Depression, what hardships did long-lasting unemploymentbring? How did people respond to these hardships? Write a brief essay inresponse to this question, citing examples and evidence from the threedocuments. You may use the back of this paper or a separate sheet for youressay. (8 points)


Name

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Test Form A continued

Part 4: Extended Response

Answer each of the following questions in a paragraph on the back of this paper or on aseparate sheet. (10 points each)

20. What factors contributed to the superficial prosperity of the 1920s?Think About:

. farming and industry

. the use of credit

. the stock market, speculation, and buying on margin

attitudes of politicians

21. Write a paragraph describing how the Great Depression affected the dailylives of average Americans. Think About:. employment. basic needs such as food and shelter

. social and psychological effects

. women, children, and minorities

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CHAPTER

f chapter test The Great Depression BeginsForm B

Part 1: Main Ideas

If the statement is true, write "true" on the line. If it is false, change the underlined wordor words to make it true. (4 points each)

Example: The first president of the United States was George Washington.irue

Example: President John F. Kennedy resigned from office following theWatergate scandal. Richard Nixon

1. Black Tuesday was the day that President Hoover forced the Bonus Army to

disband.

2. An unintended effect of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act was a substantial decrease

in U.S. exports.

3. American industries first began to show signs of economic trouble after 1929.

4. The main purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was to give

emergency help to farmers.

-6 5. During the Depression, charitable organizations tried to help the urban poor

3) by opening soup kitchens.

6. President Herbert Hoover supported direct relief.

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% 7. The farmers and sharecroppers who left the Dust Bowl to find work in the westwere known as hoboes.

8. The stock market crash of 1929 was fueled by price supports, unwise investments

that people hoped would make them rich overnight.

9. During the Depression, many children suffered from diet-related diseases.


Name Test Form B continued

10. One indicator of a weak economy in the 1920s was a decline in housing starts.

Part 2: Map Skills

Use the map to complete this section. Write the letter of the best answer. (2 points each)

11. The Dust Bowl included which state?

a. South Dakota c. Arkansas

b. Kansas d. Wyoming

12. What city in California probably received a large number of DustBowl migrants?

a. Flagstaff c. Bakersfieldb

. Amarillo d. Albuquerque

13. From north to south, what was the length of the area of damageduring the Dust Bowl period?

a. about 1,100 miles c. about 300 miles

b. about 600 miles d. about 100 miles

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14. Roughly what fraction of the land area of the United States wasdamaged during the Dust Bowl period?

a. 1/10 c. 1/2

b. 1/5 d. 2/3

15. In which region did most of the damage from the Dust Bowl occur?a

. the Midwest c. the Rocky Mountainsb

. the Great Plains d. the Pacific Northwest

Use the map on page 272 and information from Chapter 14 to answer the followingquestions in complete sentences. Write on the back of this paper or on a separate sheet.(5 points each)

16. What causes led to the dust storms and damage in the area shown on the map?

17. What geographic feature may have protected the Pacific Coast from theDust Bowl?


Historical Context: As the nation plunged into the Great Depression, peoples liveswere dramatically altered. In the early 1930s, the sharp effects of economic want werefelt across the nation.

Study each document carefully and answer the question about it on the back of thispaper or on a separate sheet. (4 points each)

Document 1

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The first hard times I remember came in 1933, when I was in the eighth grade.

Travis and Son shut down and for six months Dad didn't draw a penny. . . .


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t have any dog. We ate that dog meatwith the potatoes. I went to school hungry and came home to a house wherethere wasn't any fire. The lights were cut off. They came out and cut off thewater. ...

I remember lying in bed one night and thinking. All at once I realized some-thing. We were poor. Lord! It was weeks before I could get over that. . . .

We lost our car and house and kept moving from one house to another. Billcollectors hunted us down and came in droves. Every now and then my brotheror Dad would find some sort of odd job to do, or the other brother in Chicagowould send us a little something. Then we

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d go wild over food. We'd eat untilwe were sick. . . . The sight and smell of food sort of made us crazy, I guess.




18. According to this recollection, what hardships did working class familiesexperience during the Depression?

Document 2


garbage cans for food, foraging with dogs and cats. . . .



Shunted into these run-down sections, Negroes were forced to pay exorbi-tant rents to landlords who flagrantly violated the city building and sanitarycodes. . . . More than half the Negro families were forced to take in lodgersto augment the family income. Frequently, whole families slept in one room.Envied was the family who had a night worker as a lodger,

for he would

occupy a bed in the day that would be rented out at night. ... If the familyhad a bathtub, it, too

, was covered with boards and rented out.


19. During the Depression, what did many African Americans living in New YorkCity do to help pay the rent?

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Document 3

Detroit, Mich.

September 29, 1931

Mr. Walter Gifford

Dear Sir:

. . . You have told us to spend to end the [economic] slump, but you did nottell us what to use for money, after being out of work for two years you tellus this. Pres. Hoover on the other hand tells the working man to buildhomes

, and in face of the fact nearly every working man has had his hometaken off him. . . . This is a radical letter but the time is here to be radical.

When an average of two a day has to take their own life right in the City ofDetroit because they can not see their way out. Right in the city where oneof the worlds riches men lives who made last year 259,000,000 dollars.where hundreds of peoples are starving to death. . . .The other day our Pres.Hoover came to Detroit and kidded the soldier boys out of their bonus. PresHoover a millionaire worth about 12

,000,000 dollars drawing a salary of75,000 per year from the government asking some boys to forgo their bonussome of them have not 12 dollars of their own. ...


20. According to this letter, how did unemployed people feel toward the Hooveradministration? Why?

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21. How were people s day-to-day lives and mental outlooks affected by long-lasting unemployment during the Great Depression? Write a brief essay inresponse to this question, citing examples and evidence from the threedocuments. You may use the back of this paper or a separate sheet for youressay. (8 points)


Name

Test Form B continued


Answer each of the following questions in a short essay on the back of this paper or on aseparate sheet. (10 points each)

22. In what ways was the economic prosperity of the 1920s genuine, and in whatways did this prosperity disguise serious economic problems? Do you thinkmost people perceived the underlying problems in the economy? Why or whynot? Think About:

. the performance of the stock marketthe availability of consumer goodspeople s spending patternsinfluences on public opinion

23. Describe some of the psychological effects, both negative and positive, of theGreat Depression. How do you think you would have survived the hardshipsthat were widespread during this period? Think About:. people s feelings in response to unemployment and other deprivations

the ways in which people adjusted to hardshipspeople s behavior toward others. -

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14f chapter test The Great Depression Begins

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115

Form C

Part 1: Main Ideas

Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each)

1. Buying stocks on the chance of a quick profit without considering

risks is known as

a. buying on margin. c. profit-taking.

b. speculation. d. living on credit.

2. In calling shantytowns "Hoovervilles," people conveyed their

a. patriotism. c. disgust with Hoover.b

. trust in Hoover. d. grudging respect for Hoover.

3. The aim of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act was to

a. encourage new construction.b

. increase the value of homes and farms.

c. make it easier for banks to foreclose on farms and homes.

d. prevent farmers and homeowners from losing their property.

4. An example of the psychological stress caused by the Great

Depression was the rise in the number ofa. children who were malnourished.

b. people who committed suicide.

c. women who worked outside the home.

d. men who stood in bread lines.

5. Herbert Hoovers approach to the Depression economy was based on

a belief in

a. voluntary cooperation. c. the golden rule.

gj b. separation of church and state. d. direct government relief.

j| 6. During the Great Depression, the overall unemployment rate was

about

a. 100 percent. c. 25 percent.

b. 75 percent. d. 10 percent.

7. One long-range effect of the Great Depression was that many people

g> a. grew to like President Hoover.

q b. became risk takers in the stock market.

c. developed habits of saving and thriftiness.

d. came to believe in small government.


Name Test Form C continued

8. Within a few years, the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act led to

a. a dramatic drop in world trade.

b. Hoovers reelection as president.

c. more demand for American manufactured goods.

d. an unequal distribution of income in the United States.

9. All of the following were important causes of the Great Depression

excepta. both individuals and businesses built up large debts because of easy credit.b

. tariffs on foreign imports were lowered.c. the federal government did not insure people s bank accounts.d

. the stock market crashed.

10. Causes of the farming crisis of the 1920s included the fact thata. demand for crops fell after World War I.b

. most people did not own electric refrigerators.c

. the Dust Bowl took much land out of production.d

. federal price-supports of corn and wheat were not effective.

Part 2: Map Skills

Use the map and information from Chapter 14 to answer the questions on page 279 incomplete sentences. You may use the back of this paper or a separate sheet. (4 points each)

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Area covered by May 1934 dust storm

Route 66, roadway used by migrants 400 Kilometers

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11. Based on the map, which two states in the region of the Dust Bowl would yousay were hardest hit? Explain your reasoning.

12. About what fraction of the land area of the United States experienced damageduring the Dust Bowl period? How did you come up with this estimate?

13. What regions of the United States were affected by the 1934 dust storm?

14. Where did many of the Dust Bowl migrants relocate? What are some possiblereasons for their choice?

15. How many hours do you think it took people traveling by car or truck at60 mph to go from Oklahoma City to Bakersfield, California? Explain yourestimate.


Historical Context: As the nation plunged into the Great Depression, people s liveswere dramatically altered. In the early 1930s, the sharp effects of economic want werefelt across the nation.

Study each document carefully and answer the question about it. (4 points each)

Document 1

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The first hard times I remember came in 1933, when I was in the eighthgrade. Travis and Son shut down and for six months Dad didn't draw a

penny. . . .


'

t have any dog. We ate that dogmeat with the potatoes. I went to school hungry and came home to a housewhere there wasn'

t any fire. The lights were cut off. They came out and cutoff the water. . . .

I remember lying in bed one night and thinking. All at once I realized some-thing. We were poor. Lord! It was weeks before I could get over that. . . .

We lost our car and house and kept moving from one house to another. Billcollectors hunted us down and came in droves. Every now and then mybrother or Dad would find some sort of odd job to do, or the other brotherin Chicago would send us a little something. Then we'd go wild over food.We'd eat until we were sick. . . . The sight and smell of food sort of made uscrazy, I guess.




16. How did the Depression affect how middle-class people thought ofthemselves? Why?

Document 2


garbage cans for food, foraging with dogs and cats. ...



Shunted into these run-down sections, Negroes were forced to pay exorbi-tant rents to landlords who flagrantly violated the city building and sanitarycodes. . . . More than half the Negro families were forced to take in lodgersto augment the family income. Frequently, whole families slept in one room.Envied was the family who had a night worker as a lodger, for he wouldoccupy a bed in the day that would be rented out at night. ... If the familyhad a bathtub, it, too, was covered with boards and rented out.


17. According to this account, what adjustments did working African Americansliving in large cities have to make during the Depression? 0

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Document 3

Detroit, Mich.

September 29, 1931

Mr. Walter Gifford

Dear Sir:

. . . You have told us to spend to end the [economic] slump, but you did nottell us what to use for money, after being out of work for two years you tellus this. Pres. Hoover on the other hand tells the working man to buildhomes

, and in face of the fact nearly every working man has had his hometaken off him. . . . This is a radical letter but the time is here to be radical.

When an average of two a day has to take their own life right in the City ofDetroit because they can not see their way out. Right in the city where oneof the worlds riches men lives who made last year 259,000,000 dollars.where hundreds of peoples are starving to death. . . .The other day our Pres.Hoover came to Detroit and kidded the soldier boys out of their bonus. PresHoover a millionaire worth about 12,000,000 dollars drawing a salary of75,000 per year from the government asking some boys to forgo their bonussome of them have not 12 dollars of their own. . . .


18. What can you infer from this letter about the effectiveness of PresidentHoover s Organization for Unemployment Relief? Explain your answer.

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19. Do you think President Hoover was out of touch with what average Americanswere experiencing during the Great Depression? Write a brief essay inresponse to this question, citing examples and evidence from the threedocuments. You may use the back of this paper or a separate sheet for youressay. (8 points)


Name

Test Form C continued


Answer each of the following questions in a short essay on the back of this paper or on aseparate sheet. (10 points each)

20. Explain how the economy went from apparent prosperity to a severedepression between 1929 and 1932. What brought about this dramaticchange? Who and what was affected? Think About:. the stock market

. the situation of farmers

. banks and businesses

. personal income and debt

21. Evaluate President Hoovers success in dealing with the Great Depression.Were his actions as president effective? How did the public perceive hisactions? Think About:

. Hoover s guiding beliefs

. changes in Hoover s economic policy over time

. Hoovers response to the Bonus Army

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chapter 14f section quiz the nation's sick economy date chapter 14f section quiz the...

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