Chapter 15 Section 4

Europe Since 1945

Communism

• The government owns all means of production, industries, wages, and prices. (telling the people they will share equally)

Capitalism

• Economic system where the individuals controls the factors of production

Bloc

• A group of nations that are united under a common idea or for a common purpose.

Iron Curtain

• Line that divided Eastern and Western bloc nations.

NATO

• A military alliance between various European countries, the U.S. and Canada

What led to the Cold War?

• The Soviet Union clashed with former allies over ideas of freedom, government, and economics.

What two ideas began the Cold War struggle?

• Communism• Capitalism

What was life like in the Eastern Bloc?

• Communist government

• Shortages in food, money and goods

Countries in the Western Bloc experienced great ____ growth.

• Countries in the Western Bloc experienced great economic growth.

What happened to Germany after World War II?

• Germany was divided into four zones. They were each controlled by allied countries. (United States, France, Great Britain, and Soviet Union)

In 1949, three zones joined to form one zone. What 3 united and what

was the new zone called? • The United States, France, and

Great Britain• Federal Republic of Germany or

West Germany

What did the Soviet name their zone?

• The German Democratic Republic or East Germany

What was the Berlin Airlift?

• Berlin was separated into East and West. Soviet tried to block off West Berlin but the allies flew over dropping food and supplies.

Communist leaders did what in 1961?

• Built the Berlin Wall

What are 3 purposes of the United Nations?

• Solve economic and social problems

• Promote international cooperation

• Maintain peace

What does NATO stand for?

• North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Who formed NATO?

• Canada• Great Britain• France• Italy• the

Netherlands• United States

Most Eastern European countries and Soviet Union

signed ____.

• Warsaw Pact

Why did Western nations come to rely on nuclear

weapons? • The

countries in the Warsaw Pact had more total troops than those in NATO.

What 3 things did Gorbachev do in Soviet Union?

• Reduced government control of economy

• Increased individual liberties

• Improved relations with U.S.

In 1989, ___ &____ threw off communism.

• Poland• Czechoslovakia

What happened in November 1989?

• The Berlin Wall came down

In October of 1990, East and West Germany became

what?

• One democratic nation

By the end of 1991, ____ no longer existed.

• Soviet Union

Who were the first two leaders of the “new” Russia?

• Boris Yeltsin• Vladimir

Putin

Why are Northern Ireland Catholics unhappy?

• The Protestants control the government and economy

• Yugoslavia was created after WWI. After the fall of communism in Eastern Europe, Serbs tried to dominate Yugoslavia. Fighting broke out between Croatia and Serbia. Yugoslavia was then separated into several different countries in the early 1990s. 1992 Bosnian Serbs began a campaign of terror and murder. NATO bombed Serbian targets in 1995. This helped put a stop to the fighting.

What was the cause of tension in Ireland and

Yugoslavia?

• Religious and ethnic differences