chapter 15.1 (pages 394-397). gravity: – what two things effect gravity? mass and weight: – what...
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Chapter 15.1 (pages 394-397)
Solar System is born!
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Review from Yesterday:
• Gravity:– What two things effect gravity?
• Mass and weight:– What are they?– How are they measured?– What are their units?
• How are they all connected?
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Key concepts:
• Explain the relationship between gravity and pressure in a nebula
• Describe how the solar system formed
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Key Vocabulary:
• Nebula• Solar Nebula
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Our world revealed: Hubble telescope images
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Solar Nebulas:
• Where does the materials come from that make up our solar systems???– Clouds in the universe called nebulas
• Nebulas: clouds that are mixtures of gases (hydrogen and helium) and dust made of elements
• Review time:– Element– Mixture
The universe…how did it all begin?
Remember these terms!
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Formation of planets and stars?
• Two forces that interact in nebulas:– GRAVITY– PRESSURE
• Gravity holds the particles of matter in a nebula together– a lot of space between matter in
nebulas, so the gravitational force is just enough to keep the nebula from drifting apart
Gravity begins the process…
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Formation of planets and stars?
• Why don’t nebulas collapse due to gravity?– Temperature causes the particle to move around
(temperature is low = little movement, etc.)– When the particles collide due to movement, the
particles move away due to PRESSURE– Pressure keeps the nebula from collapsing on
itself
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Solar system formation:• From Planetesimals to Planets• As bits of dust circled the center of the
solar nebula, some collided and stuck together to form golf ball–sized bodies.
• These bodies eventually drifted into the solar nebula, where further collisions caused them to grow to kilometer-wide bodies.
• As more collisions happened, some of these bodies grew to hundreds of kilometers wide.
• The largest of these bodies are called planetesimals, or small planets.
How does it form?
How long does it take?
Why is gravity and pressure so important?
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Formation of planets and stars? The Birth of a Star
• As the planets were forming, other matter in the solar nebula was traveling toward the center.
• The center became so dense and hot that hydrogen atoms began to fuse, or join, to form helium.
• Fusion released huge of energy and created enough outward pressure to balance the inward pull of gravity.
• When the gas stopped collapsing, our sun was born and the new solar system was complete!
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Review:
• The solar system formed out of a vast cloud of gas and dust called the nebula.
• Gravity and pressure were balanced until something upset the balance. Then, the nebula began to collapse.
• Collapse of the solar nebula caused heating at the center, while planetesimals formed in surrounding space.
• The central mass of the nebula became the sun. Planets formed from the surrounding materials.
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Homework:
• Workbook: Chapter 15.1-– Pages 190-192`