Chapter 17, Section 2: Things to Know

• How did wartime pressures create a break from the past?• Who campaigned against discriminatory practices in the US during WWII?• What was the Executive Order 8802?• During WWII what did many African Americans join?• How did population shifts change American life during the war?• What was the bracero program?• Wartime migration caused the worst incident of racial violence in what

city?• Why did Executive Order 9066 affect civil liberties in the US?• Why did Japanese Americans generally face more restrictions than Italian

or German Americans during WWII?• What was the 442nd Regiment Combat Team?• What is rationing?• What did the Office of War Information do?

Chapter 17: World War IISection 2: The Home Front

Why It Matters

• World War II engaged the peoples and resources of the countries involved. The war effort stirred patriotism and promoted economic recovery. And, while wartime fears and tensions tested civil liberties, new opportunities for women and minorities would spur stronger efforts to ensure equal rights after the war was over.

Things to Know

• How did wartime pressures create a break from the past?– Many women took jobs that fell outside the

traditional realm of women’s work. They especially worked in heavy industry.

• Who campaigned against discriminatory practices in the US during WWII?– A. Philip Randolph.

Things to Know

• What was the Executive Order 8802?– It was a measure that ensured fair hiring practices

in any job funded with government money. If you were a business taking in federal aid, you must follow these guidelines or risk losing the government money.

• During WWII what did many African Americans join?– They joined organizations dedicated to fighting

segregation.

Things to Know

• How did population shifts change American life during the war?– The Southwest became a growing cultural, social,

economical, and political force. It is continuing this growth today.

• What was the bracero program?– It was a plan to bring laborers from Mexico to

work on American farms.

Things to Know

• Wartime migration caused the worst incident of racial violence in what city?– Detroit, Michigan. Nearly 100,000 whites and

blacks broke out into scattered fights leading to a full-scale riot killing 34 people.

• Why did Executive Order 9066 affect civil liberties in the US?– Because it designated war zones from which

anyone could be removed. They could be removed for any reason.

Things to Know

• Why did Japanese Americans generally face more restrictions than Italian or German Americans during WWII?– The Japanese were more isolated from other

Americans.

• What was the 442nd Regiment Combat Team?– It was an all Nisei unit that is the most decorated

military unit in US History.

Things to Know

• What is rationing?– Limiting the amount of certain goods that civilians

can buy. It was used as an economic control.

• What did the Office of War Information do?– It worked closely with the media to encourage

support of the war effort.