CHAPTER 19

The Growth of Industry

SECTION 1: RAILROADS LEAD THE WAY!(PAGE 551) S.1 Question How did the railways pave the way for

the expansion of industry in the West?

TRAINS!

INFLUENCE OF TRAINS Civil War?

After the War?

Moved troops and supplies

Lines expanded to help with trade and rebuilding.

163,000 miles of track by 1900!

RAILROADS IN SONG John Henry

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGglKPqG16s

9 minutes

I’ve been working on the railroad

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PpZMqCiD_Nw

Buggs clip 30 sec.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrRFOCM9XtE

Rr clip 2 min or so.

QUIZ ITEM Consolidation Practice of large RR

companies buying smaller companies

Other examples? Internet? Cable? Cell phone

companies…?

QUIZ ITEM Railroad Barons Cornelius Vanderbilt

History Channel clip The Men Who Built

America: The Rise of Cornelius Vanderbilt (3:47) TV-G

Discover how a steamboat captain built a railroad empire.

http://www.history.com/shows/men-who-built-america/videos/the-men-who-built-america-the-rise-of-cornelius-vanderbilt#the-men-who-built-america-the-rise-of-cornelius-vanderbilt

HOW DID THE RAILROADS INCREASE GROWTH IN INDUSTRY?

Raw Materials: coal, iron ore, and timber to factories

Move manufactured good to markets

Transport produce from farms

CONNECTING AMERICA Standard Gauge Same width of RR

track, 4 feet, 8.5 inches

STANDARD GAUGE

RR TECHNOLOGY IMPROVES Air brakes Couplers Refrigerated cars Sleeping cars Dining cars

QUIZ ITEM Rebates Secret discounts to

the largest customers

HOW DID THE RAILWAYS PAVE THE WAY FOR THE EXPANSION OF INDUSTRY IN THE WEST?

Write your answer here:

Draw a picture related to your response:

Share with a neighbor! End section 1 notes.

SECTION 2 NOTES CHAPTER 19

Inventions! How did inventions change the way

Americans lived?

INVENTIONS Samuel B. Morse

invented?

Telegraph

INVENTIONS Alexander Graham

Bell invented?

Telephone!

The Birth of Telecommunications (4:11) TV-PG

Alexander Graham Bell thought he was on to something, but no one wanted his new invention. Hear the first messages to travel by wire and through the air.

http://www.history.com/topics/alexander-graham-bell/videos#the-telegraph-and-telephone

INVENTIONS Thomas Edison

invented?

Light bulb!

http://www.history.com/topics/thomas-edison/videos#thomas-edison

http://www.history.com/topics/thomas-edison/videos#light-bulb-turns-night-into-day

http://www.history.com/topics/thomas-edison/videos#edisons-failed-inventions

INVENTIONS Henry Ford

improved…

The ways cars were made so they were less expensive

http://www.history.com/topics/henry-ford/videos#great-minds-of-business-henry-ford

http://www.history.com/topics/henry-ford/videos#henry-ford-and-the-model-t

INVENTIONS The Wright Brothers

were the first to…

Fly an airplane!

How did the various inventions change the way Americans lived?

Assignment: Categorize the inventions on a piece of notebook paper!

SECTION 3, C.19, THE AGE OF BIG BUSINESS

How did big business change the way Americans lived?

This time period in history is referred to as the “guilded age.”

What is guilded? Who prospered? Who did not? What is the result?

THE CORPORATION What is a

corporation? A company that sells

shares or stock to the public

FACEBOOK

QUIZ ITEM What are dividends? A reward or cash

payment for investing in the company stock

THE OIL BUSINESS John D. Rockefeller Formed a company

called Standard Oil. (Kerosene)

STANDARD OIL

STANDARD OIL

THE STEEL BUSINESS Andrew Carnegie Made steel at a lower

cost

Sidenote: Pittsburgh Steelers

J.P. Morgan bought Carnegie’s steel company for 450 Million.

First Billion $ company in the U.S.

WHAT TO DO WITH ALL OF THE MONEY? Philanthropy Use of money to

benefit the community

Sidenotes: Carnegie donated over 350M, Carnegie Hall in NYC

Rockefeller, money for medical research and started the University of Chicago

CORPORATIONS (BIG BUSINESS) Sherman Anti-Trust

Act of 1890 This was the first

attempt to limit the power of monopolies

WHAT IS THE PROBLEM WITH MONOPOLIES?

Prices? Quality? Competition? Cell phones? Other products?

Section summary? How did big business

change the life of Americans?

End section 3.

THE MEN WHO BUILT AMERICA The Men Who

Built America: Traits of a Titan (3:37) TV-G

Today's business leaders reflect on the character and inspiration that many of America's first titans of industry all had in common.

http://www.history.com/shows/men-who-built-america/videos/the-men-who-built-america-the-rise-of-cornelius-vanderbilt#the-men-who-built-america-traits-of-a-titan

SECTION 4 INDUSTRIAL WORKERS Challenges for workers: Big factories Less personal Long work day (10-12 hours) 6 day work week Fired for no reason Could be replaced by immigrants who

were willing to take less pay

WORKING CONDITIONS Sweatshops Garment workers

who toiled in crowded factories and ruined their eyesight by sewing in poor light for many hours

CHILD LABOR Laws to protect

children were often ignored by employers

Law: 12 years old, not work more than 10 hours per day.

Jacob Riis (2:07) TV-PG

Learn how photographer Jacob Riis changed the lives of New York Citiy's poor by exposing how they were forced to live.

http://www.history.com/topics/triangle-shirtwaist-fire/videos#jacob-riis

LABOR UNIONS BEGIN TO FORM. WHY? Trade Unions Groups that formed

because they worked in the same type of job

UNIONS BEGIN TO GROW Collective

bargaining The union represents

the workers when bargaining with manangement.

Sidenote: Some unions are allowed to strike

Triangle Shirt Company Fire, Co. locked the doors so workers couldn’t leave early. 150 died in a fire.

THE UNIONS TAKE ACTIONRailroad strike of 1877:

Strikebreakers were hired to replace striking workers. Led to violence

MORE UNION ACTION Haymarket Square

Riot in Chicago 1886

Workers were protesting the killing of 4 strikes

Someone threw a bomb that killed 7 policemen.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKkEl9XzjFc

Pbs 8 minute clip

MORE UNION ACTION Homestead Strike: Carnegie cut

worker’s wages hoping to break the union, led to riots

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5j2Zm353cY

Pinkertons

MORE UNION ACTION Pullman Strike of

1894: Railway plant

workers in Chicago went on strike due to cut in wages. President Cleveland sent troops to end the strike. A big hit to the labor movement.

End section 4.

Summarize the labor movement. Include a picture in the space below.