Chapter 1—The Sociological Point of View

Objectives and Agenda-1/31OBJECTIVES—

Review classroom procedures Review and list Perspectives

AGENDAWarm Up—using the three perspectives, explain the

existence of terrorismReview of rulesReview of perspectivesComponents of Culture—Block 1 and 2—computer workBlock 4—worksheetsHomework—study for test

Who is Mr. George?My Favorite music and video: song

Pictures:

Movies: I cry every time I watch this scene Movie sceneConcerts I have seen: AC/DC, ZZ Top, Bob Seager,

KISS, What do you want to know???????

What is Sociology???Sociology—social science that studies

society and social behavior—Social interaction and social phenomena (observable facts or events)

What would you do?anti-bullyingl

Class work:1. Research in the book the Sociologist you

were assigned.2. On the paper you were given, write a

word or phrase that describes their point of view.

1. Free write anything that comes to your mind on the below picture. 3 minutes2. Describe any possible changes in society as a result.—2 minutes 3. Describe the change in events using ONE sociologist

Original SociologistsAuguste Comte—(1798-1857) One of first and coined term

Sociologist—Causes of French Revolution—Social order vs. social change—

Social dynamics—change through series of definite processes.—mostly refuted but order and change still discussed.

Herbert Spencer-- 1820-1903—Influenced by Darwin—biological view of society—independent parts that work together to maintain the system.—social change and unrest natural in evolution—best parts of society would survive. (Social Darwinism)

Karl Marx—(1818-1883)—Social structure influenced by economy. Bourgeoisie (capitalist) and proletariat (workers)—imbalance would lead to conflict and classless society.

Emile Durkheim—(1858-1917)—first university sociology course—first to apply sociology to study of society—concerned with social order. Individual parts BUT parts had functions. Functions—consequence that an element of society produces for the maintenance of its social system. (religion and functionalist view)—institutions.—observable phenomenon—suicide—first sociological study

Max Weber—1864-1920—separate groups in society instead of society as a whole. Effects of society on the whole—Feelings and thoughts, not just observable. Verstehen—understand meanings, not actions. Ideal Type—essential characteristics of a feature of society.

911 videoAnthropology—study of past and present

cultures—simple cultures—sociology is complicated cultures (group behavior)

Psychology—behavior and thinking of organisms—individual behavior (natural sciences)—social psychology—how environment affects behavior

Social sciencesEconomics—choices people make in effort to

satisfy needs and wantsPolitical science—organization and

operation of governmentsHistory—study of past eventsEconomics—choices people make in effort to

satisfy needs and wantsPolitical science—organization and

operation of governments

Introduction to perspectives 

Sociological perspective—look into the hidden meanings behind human actionssocial beingsunderstand conflictview your own life in whole social and

historical contextSociological imagination—C.Wright Mills—

ability to see connection between the larger world and your personal life

Three types of PerspectivesFunctionalist Perspective—set of interrelated parts that

work together to produce a stable social system. view in terms of function in society—Ex—family and education

Dysfunctional—negative consequence crime, Manifest function—intended consequence of

function Latent function—unintended consequence.

Conflict perspective—focus on the forces that promote competition and change—power men and women—ages—races—competition over scarce resources—power leads to rules leads to social change—social change inevitable.

 Interactionalist perspective—how individuals interact with one another—how do people respond to everyday situations—meaning people attach to their actions. Symbols, gestures, words—salute

Which Perspective?

Which Perspective?

Which Perspective

1.05 Differentiate among the various sociological research methods 1. The Historical Method—Examining any

materials from the past that contain information of sociological interest. Toys, clothes, pictures, tools, furniture. Usually written documentsLearn about eventsStudy trendsPrivate feelings

2. Content Analysis—counting the times a word, phrase, idea, event, symbol or other element appearsRecorded communicationsTelevision, radio, sound recordings, movies,

photographs, art, newspapers, magazines, books

Easy and inexpensiveSimplified evaluation of data collection.

3. The Survey Method----collect data on attitudes and opinions from large numbers of people—questionnaires and interviewsList of questions—in person or mailCollect from large number of people in short

timeDisadvantages—interpretations?

4. Observation—observe behavior of individuals in actual social settingsDetached observation—observe situation from

distance—may miss detailsParticipant observation—directly involved in

the situation under investigation—anonymous or known—subjects usually act naturally.

 

Daily quiz questions1. The Sociologist which believed in a

biological analysis of society and the “survival of the fittest” theory wasA. Karl MarxB. Auguste ComteC. Emile DurkheimD. Herbert SpencerE. Max Weber

Daily Quiz2. The study of human society and social

behavior isA. SociologyB. PsychologyC. HistoryD. Political ScienceE. Anthropology

3. Choose one Sociologists and discuss how he believed societies maintain control and develop.