chapter 2 - goal and scope definition

8/10/2019 Chapter 2 - Goal and Scope Definition

1/28

1

1

Graduate CourseIE 5331: Sustainable Engineering

Texas Tech University

Advanced Manufacturing Laboratory

September 4, 212

!hapter 2"#oa$ %efinition and Scoping

Hong C. Zhang


2/28

2

Goal Definition and ScopingOUTLINE

To define the goa$ and scope of yourpro&ect, you must accomp$ish thefo$$o'ing ( tas)s"

%efine the goa$s of the pro&ect

%etermine 'hat type of information

is needed to he$p decision*ma)ing

%etermine the re+uired specificity

%etermine ho' the data shou$d beorganied and the resu$ts disp$ayed

%efine the scope of the study

%etermine the ground ru$es forperforming the 'or) 2


3/28

3

Goal Definition and Scoping

-

support broad environmenta$ assessments

identify data gaps

ran) the re$ative contribution of individua$

steps support pub$ic po$icy or product certification

provide information and direction to decision*ma)er

estab$ish base$ine information for a process

Task 1: Define the Goals of the Project


4/28

4


4

'hat is the impact to interested parties andsta)eho$ders.

'hich product or process causes the $eastenvironmenta$ impacts.

ho' 'i$$ changes to the currentproduct/process affect environment.

'hich techno$ogy causes the $east impacts.

ho' can the process be changed to reduce theimpacts.

Task 2: Determine what type of information

is needed to inform the decision-makers


5/28

5


0

A comp$ete$y genera$ study

vs

A product*specific in detai$s

r maybe some'hat in bet'een

Task 3: Determine the required specificity(What is exactly the objective of your study?)


6/28

6


(

Task 3: Determine the required specificity

To specify your goal you also should understand if the

product, or system is only the product produced by one (your)

company or the product/system is a common product

produced by many companies with similar production

processes.


7/28

7


3


Standing in outside of a company, e.g. a government agency.

This issue is the most important. Your results should be

applicable to an industrial sector rather than a single

company, therefore data collection is also based on this

specification.


8/28

8



A company may be more interested in examining its own

formulation and assembly operations, whereas an industry

group or government agency may be more interested in

characterizing industry-wide practices.


9/28

9


5

Task 4: Determine how the data should beorganized and the results displayed

One needs to define how data should be organized in

terms of a functional unit that appropriately describesthe function of the product or process being studied.

Functional unit: must be equivalent, unique, and

comparable.


10/28

10

Goal Definition and Scoping (2)

Data & Results Displayed Examples-2

1

4 x

4 x

+ vs.+

1/125 x

4 x

Lifetime:

125 tours

Alternative 1 Alternative 2


11/28

11


11

Task 5: Define the scope of the study(Boundary Clarification)

6a'materia$

ac+uisition

Manufac*

turing

Use / 6euse/

Maintenance

6ecyc$e /7aste

Management

What is your focus?

Your focus is determined by your study objective


12/28

12


Task 5: Define the scope of the study

3 concerns might help you make decisions:

1. The goal of your study

2. The required accuracy of the results

3. The available time and resources (including manpower

and money)


13/28

13


1-

6a'Materia$

8nergy

9aardous7aste stream

Atmospheric8mission

Inputs Outputs

7aterborne7astes

So$id

7astes

!oproducts

:eutra$ied7aste stream

ther6e$eases

Tree & crops Minerals

Crude oil Gas

Raw Material AcquisitionA$$ activities re+uired togather/obtain a ra'materia$ from earth

Equipment Energy & Fuel Metal & Non-metals Chemicals & Bio-chemicals

ManufacturingTransforms energy andra' materia$ into aproduct

Equipment operation Energy & Fuel

Parts replacement Monitoring / Testing

Use / Reuse / MaintenanceA$$ activities conductedduring the operation ofthe treatment techno$ogy

Equipment clean / re-conditioning Demolition

Biosolids Management Final Disposition

Recycle / Waste Manageent;ina$ disposition ofe+uipment and materia$from process


14/28

14



Each step or process can be viewed as a subsystem of the

total product system. Viewing the steps as subsystems

facilitates data gathering for the inventory of the system as a

whole.


15/28

15


In setting system boundaries, the analyst must decide where

the analysis will be limited and be very clear about the

reasons for the decision.

Does the analysis need to cover the entire life cycle of the

product?

What will be the basis of use for the product or material? Is

the study intended to compare different product systems?

What ancillary materials or chemicals are used to make or

package the products or run the processes?

In a comparative analysis, are any extra products required

to allow one product to deliver equivalent or similar

performance to another?


16/28

16

Goal Definition and ScopingTask 5: Define the scope of the study

SoapManufacturing

SoapPackaging

ConsumerPostconsumer

Waste

management

Meat PackingTallow

Rendering

CattleRaising

GrainProduction

CausticManufacture

Salt Mining

Paper

production

Forestry


17/28

17




18/28

18




19/28

19

15

!eneric Unit "rocess

Ha#ar$ous Material Outputs

%inishe$ "arts/Coponents

&ransportation

Manufacturing"rocess

'on(Ha#ar$ous Material Outputs

Materials/"arts/Coponents

)lectricity Water !as

Boundary Clarification


20/28

20

2

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent



21/28

21

21

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion

Au+. Mfg"rocess)quipent



22/28

22

22

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion


)nergyCon*ersion

Materials"ro$uction



23/28

23

2-

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion


)nergyCon*ersion

)nergyCon*ersion

Au+iliary

Materials"ro$uction

Materials"ro$uction



24/28

24

24

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion


)n*ironentalCon$itioning

)nergyCon*ersion

)nergyCon*ersion

Au+iliary

Materials"ro$uction

Materials"ro$uction



25/28

25

20

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion



)nergyCon*ersion

)nergyCon*ersion

)nergyCon*ersion

Au+iliary

Materials"ro$uction

Materials"ro$uction

Materials"urification"ro$uction



26/28

26

2(

9ybrid >nput utput Ana$ysis,transportation- capital equipent- other aterials- coercialuil$ings0

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion

Mfg"rocess)quipent

)nergyCon*ersion



)nergyCon*ersion

)nergyCon*ersion

)nergyCon*ersion

Au+iliaryMaterials"ro$uction

Materials"ro$uction

Alt.Materials"ro$uction


27/28

27


Task 6: Determine the ground rules for performingthe work

1. Documenting Assumptions: Integrity

2. Quality Assurance Procedures: Accuracy

3. Reporting Requirements: Efficiency


28/28


chapter 2 - goal and scope definition

Documents