Ibrahim Sameer

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Learning Objectives Differentiate managers from operatives

Outline management function

Distinguish between effectiveness and efficiency

Identify the roles performed by managers

Identify essential management skills

Understand the basic concepts of management.

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Introduction to Management Frederick Taylor defined management as

“Knowing exactly what you want (people) to do, & then seeing that they do it in

the best & cheapest way”.

Organization use four basic types of resources (input) to produce goods and

services: human, financial, physical and information.

Human resources include managerial talent, the knowledge and skills of their

employees.

Financial resource include capital used by the organization.

Physical resource include raw materials and equipment.

Information resource are usable data needed to make effective decision.

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Introduction to Management (cont…)

Now we can define management as follows:

“Management is the attainment of organizational goals in an effective &

efficient manner through planning, organizing, leading & controlling

organizational resources”.

Efficiency means using resources wisely and in a cost effective way.

Efficiency is often referred as “doing things right”.

Effectiveness means making the right decisions and successfully

implementing them. Effectiveness is often referred as “doing the right

things”.

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Who are Managers

A manager is someone who plans and makes decisions,

organize, leads and control human, financial, physical

and information resources.

They are the organizational members who tell others

what to do and how to do it.

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Who are Managers (cont…)

Managerial Levels

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Top Managers

Middle Managers

First Line Managers

Non - Managerial Employees

Who are Managers (cont…) First Line Managers

First line managers are at the lowest level of management. First line

managers often have the title of supervisor but they may also be called

shift managers. They ensure accomplishment of day to day

organizational goals.

Middle Managers

Middle managers work at middle level of the organization and are

responsible for business units & major department. They are

responsible for implementing the overall strategies and policies

defined by the top management.

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Who are Managers (cont…) Top Managers

The upper level of the organizational structure are the top

managers, who are responsible for making organization

wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that

effect the entire organization. These individual typically

have titles such as President, Managing Director (MD),

Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

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Managers in different areas of the organization

Regardless of their level, managers may work in various areas within an

organization. In any given company, areas of management may include:

1. Marketing Managers

2. Financial Managers

3. Operations Managers

4. HR Managers

5. Administrative Managers

6. Other Kind of Managers

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The Four Management Functions Planning: means defining goals for future organizational performance &

deciding on the tasks and use of resources needed to attain them.

Organizing involves the assignment of tasks into departments, and the

allocation of resources to department. When managers organize, they

determine the tasks that are to be done, who is to do them, how the task are to

be grouped, who report to whom, and where the decision are to be made.

Leading is the use of influence to motivate employees to achieve

organizational goals. Leading involve motivating entire departments and

divisions as well as those individuals working immediately with the managers.

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The Four Management Functions (cont…)

Controlling: involves monitoring employees’

activities, determining whether the organization is on

target towards its goals and making correction as

necessary. Managers must ensure that the

organization is moving towards its goals.

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Management Roles

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Management Roles (cont…)

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Management Roles (cont…)

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Management Skills

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Management Skills (cont…)

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Essential managerial skills.

What is an Organization

An organization is a collection of people working

together to achieve a common purpose.

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Organization as System

Organization as open system.

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Q & A

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