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Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization

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Page 1: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Chapter 2Nile River Valley Civilization

Page 2: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 3: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization

• Nile River played a key role

• Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

• Egyptians learned how to harness the flood to help instead of harm them (dikes, reservoirs, irrigation ditches)

Page 4: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Contrast between the desert and the Nile Valley

Page 5: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 6: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 7: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Aswan High Dam

Page 8: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Menes unites Egypt• 3100 B.C. the king of Upper

Egypt united Upper and Lower Egypt

• He and his successors used the Nile as a highway linking north and south.

• The Nile helped make Egypt the world’s first unified state

• Created a dynastydynasty, or family of rulers

Page 9: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 10: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

The Pyramids

Page 11: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Pyramid facts• Built during the Old Kingdom

• Were tombs for the pharaohs

• Took a pharaohs entire reign to build

• Made by hand of limestone blocks, some weighing 2 tons or more

Page 12: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 13: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

King Tut’s chariot

Page 14: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

http://magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/tut/mysteries/index.html

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/pyramid/explore/

Pyramids

Tutenkhamen

http://www.pbs.org/empires/egypt/index.html

Empire

http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2010/09/tut-dna/garrett-photography

Page 15: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Pharaohs• The Ancient Egyptians viewed them as

gods

• They usually wore wigs and a false beard to signify their authority

Queen Hatshepsut, one of the most prolific builders of the Middle Kingdom

Page 16: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Bust of Nefertiti

Page 17: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

The death mask of Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamen is made of gold inlaid with colored glass and semiprecious stone. The mask comes from the innermost mummy case in the pharaoh’s tomb, and stands 54 cm (21 in) high. The emblems on the forehead (vulture and cobra) and on the shoulders (falcon heads) were symbols of the Two Lands of Upper and Lower Egypt and of divine authority.

Page 18: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 19: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 20: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

• 12 month calendar, 30 days each (5 extra days for feasting)

• Number system based on 10

• Used fractions & whole numbers

• Geometry

Achievements

Page 21: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Hieroglyphics• More than 600 signs, pictures, or symbols

to represent words or sounds

• Wrote on papyrus

Page 22: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Rosetta Stone• Key to understanding hieroglyphics

• Found by a French soldier in 1798

• Greek, hieroglyphics, and demotic

Page 23: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 24: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 25: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

A painted box from Tutankhamun's tomb depicts the Pharaoh on a chariot chasing Nubians.

Page 26: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Religion• Many gods, often with animal symbols

• Amon-Re, the creator, identified with the sun

• Osiris judged people after death, associated with the Nile

• Strong belief in the afterlife

Page 27: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 28: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Nubia• Another Nile Kingdom (also known as

Kush)

• Neighbor of Egypt to the South

• Traded or fought with Egypt for centuries.

• For a time, added Egypt to their empire around 730 B.C.

Page 29: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming
Page 30: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming

Gifts for the King from Nubia, which was to the south of Egypt. Can you find gold rings, a baby leopard, a monkey , an ebony log?

Page 31: Chapter 2 Nile River Valley Civilization. Egypt, Nile River Valley Civilization Nile River played a key role Yearly flood deposited rich silt for farming