Name: ____________________________________ Date: _______________________ !

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Chapter 2 Notes – The Chemistry of Life Section 2-3 Macromolecules – Nucleic Acids and Proteins

Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are macromolecules containing __________________, _________________, __________________, __________________, and ______________________.

• Nucleic acids are polymers assembled from individual monomers known as _______________________.

Nucleotide Structure Nucleotides consist of three parts:

• a 5-carbon ______________ • a ____________________ group • a _______________________ base

Individual nucleotides can be joined by ____________________ bonds to form a polynucleotide, __________________________. What is the function of nucleic acids? Nucleic acids ________________ and __________________ hereditary, or genetic, information.

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There are two kinds of nucleic acids: 1. ________________________________________________ (RNA)

a. Contain the sugar ________________ 2. ________________________________________________ (DNA)

a. Contains the sugar _________________________ ! !!!!Proteins Proteins are macromolecules that contain _______________, ________________, _____________________, and _____________________.

• Proteins are polymers assembled from the individual monomers called _____________ ______________.

Amino Acid Structure Amino acids are compounds with an ______________ group (-NH2) on one end and a __________________ group (-COOH) on the other end.

• The portion of each amino acid that is different is a side chain called an ___________________.

See the difference? Deoxy- means “without oxygen”, so there is no oxygen at this position in the sugar deoxyribose

R-group

Carboxyl group

Amino group

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The instructions for arranging amino acids into many different __________________ are stored in ____________. What is the function of proteins?

Some proteins control the rate of ___________________ and regulate cell ____________________.

Some proteins are used to form ____________ and ___________________. Other proteins ___________________ substances into or out of cells, or help to fight ___________________. Proteins can have up to four levels or organization:

1. Amino acids have a specific protein ________________. 2. The amino acids within the chain can be ___________________ or

________________. 3. The chain itself is _______________. 4. If a protein has more than one chain, each chain has a specific

______________________ in space.