chapter 2 – sec. 1: photosynthesis. i. what is photosynthesis? every living organism on this...
DESCRIPTION
Some organisms such as plants capture the sun’s energy through its light to make its own food. This is called PHOTOSYNTHESIS.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1:
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
![Page 2: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
• Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need energy to make proteins or bring substances in and out of the cell.
• Most of the energy used to perform life functions comes directly from the sun.
![Page 3: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Some organisms such as plants capture the sun’s energy through its light to make its own food. This is called PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
![Page 4: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS IS A TWO–STAGE PROCESS
• Stage 1 - Plants take sunlight, carbon dioxide (from the air), and water (through the plant’s roots) into a plant’s leaf.
• Stage 2 - Once in the leaf, sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water react to make food for the plant (which is the glucose sugar) and a by-product which is released into the air (oxygen).
![Page 5: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Diagram of the two-steps in Photosynthesis
![Page 6: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Stage One - CAPTURING THE SUN’S ENERGY
• The first stage in photosynthesis is to capture the sun’s light in the plant organelles called CHLOROPLASTS.
• Chloroplasts are found in the leaf of a plant.
• The sun’s light is actually absorbed by the pigments found inside a chloroplast.
• The main pigment doing the light absorption is CHLOROPHYLL.
![Page 7: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• As the sun’s light is accepted into the chloroplast, all the colors of the visible spectrum are absorbed except the color green.
• It is reflected back out causing you to see the plant’s color as green.
![Page 8: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Stage 2 - USING ENERGY TO MAKE FOOD
• In the second stage of photosynthesis, the captured sunlight reacts with two raw materials inside the plant: water and carbon dioxide.
• Water comes from a plant’s roots and carbon dioxide comes from the air in through the stomas of the underside of a leaf.
![Page 9: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• A stoma is an opening on the underside of a leaf that allows in certain air molecules such as carbon dioxide.
![Page 10: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Once the water and carbon dioxide are in the plant, they make their way to the inside of a chloroplast.
• In the chloroplast, they undergone a chemical reaction with the sun’s light to make glucose sugars (the plant’s food) and oxygen (expelled through the stoma into the air we breathe).
![Page 11: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
III. THE PHOTOSYNTHESIS EQUATION
• Light energy• 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 02• Carbon dioxide water glucose oxygen
• The raw materials needed for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, water, and the sun’s light.
• Their reactions make or yields glucose (sugar) and oxygen.
![Page 12: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Light energy6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 02
Carbon dioxide water glucose oxygen
• The number before a molecule is how many molecules are involved.
• The subscript number tells you how many atoms of a certain element are involved.
• The number of atoms must be equal or balanced on both sides of the equation.
![Page 13: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
What is the glucose sugar used for?
• Plants use the glucose sugar for food by breaking it down for its energy content.
• Plants also use the glucose sugar to make cell parts such as cellulose.
• Plants can also store glucose sugar for later use (ex. a potato).
![Page 14: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
IV. PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND LIFE
• Def. of AUTOTROPH – an organism that can make its own food such as a plant
• Autotrophs get their energy directly from the sun.
![Page 15: CHAPTER 2 – SEC. 1: PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. WHAT IS PHOTOSYNTHESIS? Every living organism on this planet needs energy to function. For example, cells need](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5a4d1b0a7f8b9ab05998a316/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Def. of HETEROTROPH – an organism that cannot make its own food such as animals
• Heterotrophs get their energy indirectly through the food they eat such as plants.