chapter 2 the elements of maladaptive behavior: theory treatment research
TRANSCRIPT
THE ROLE OF THEORY IN ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
SIX THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES INFLUENTIAL TODAY
Biological Psychodynamic Behavioral Cognitive Humanistic-Existential Community-Cultural
THE BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
GENETIC FACTORS THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THE BRAIN THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM THE NEUROSCIENCE REVOLUTION NEUROPHARMACOLOGY PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY INTEGRATION OF BIOLOGICAL AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
GENETIC FACTORS
Chromosomal anomalies Karotype
Genes The Human Genome Project DNA and penetrance Heritability Penetrance Behavior Genetics
Pedigree Studies
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Brain Spinal cord
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Somatic System Autonomic System
THE NEURON Axons Dendrites Neurotransmitters
THE NEUROSCIENCE REVOLUTION
Neuroanatomy Neuropathology Neurochemistry Neuropharmacology Neuropsychology
BRAIN IMAGING
COMPUTERIZED AXIAL TOMOGRAPHY (CT)
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
(MRS) SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED
TOMOGRAPHY (SPECT) POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PT)
THE PSYCHODYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE – SIGMUND FREUD
THEORY OF PSYCHOANALYSIS THEORY OF PERSONALITY STAGES OF PSYCHOSOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT THE PSYCHIC APPARATUS ANXIETY DEFENSE MECHANISMS
RECENT APPROACHES TO PSYCHOANALYSIS
Carl Jung Alfred Adler Erik Erikson Ego Psychology Object Relations Self-psychology
THE BEHAVAIORAL PERSPECTIVE
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING Unconditioned stimulus-unconditioned
response Conditioned stimulus-conditioned
response OPERANT CONDITINING
Positive & negative reinforcers Punishment Schedules of reinforcement
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORIES Modeling & role playing
THE COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE
MALADAPTIVE THOUGHTS ARE THE CAUSE OF MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR
AARON BECK The goal of therapy is to help clients
restructure their thinking. Albert Ellis
Rational-emotive therapy helps clients question irrational beliefs and modify unrealistic thoughts.
THE HUMANISTIC-EXISTENTIAL PERSPECTIVE
THE HUMANISTIC VIEW People are striving toward self-
actualization. Carol Rogers
THE EXISTENTIAL VIEW Emphasis on self-determination,
choice, and individual responsibility. Viktor Frankl
THE COMMUNITY-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE
Belief that maladaptive behavior results from inability to cope effectively with stress.
Focus on attempts to reduce maladaptive behaviors through preventive measures.
Causation theory Social selection theory Social roles Labeling