Chapter 20Science and Exploration

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Study IslandTCAP Review Homework

• TCAP Practice– 20 points

• Must work a little in each category– At little at least 8 questions correct

• Not timed• The categories you have already answered are

not a part of this grade. However, reviewing these sections can only help for TCAP.

• Due by: Monday, April 21, 2014

Bell Work4/15

• Copy Chapter 20 Terms

Bell Work Scientific

Revolution Theories Ptolemy Nicolaus

Copernicus Johannes

Kepler Galileo Galilei Sir Isaac

Newton Scientific

Method

Henry the Navigator

Vasco da Gama

Christopher Columbus

Ferdinand Magellan

Circumnavigate

Sir Francis Drake

Spanish Armada

Plantations Mercantilism Capitalism Market

Economy

Bell Work4/16 and 4/17

1. Have a Seat2. Take out Chapter 20 Handouts_____________________________________________

_______________1. Meet in groups for 10 minutes

– Split information up so that everyone presents a piece on block day

– Create a 15 question quiz to give the class after your presentation (we will use the white boards) Write quiz questions on the back of handout #3.

PresentationsChapter 20 Handouts

• Everyone must play a part in the presentation

• Speak slowly, loudly, and clearly• Remember to be respectful• Give quiz at the end

– Use white board to write answer– Wait until you hear the key word to hold up

your boards

In the 1500s, Europe was undergoing dramatic changes. The Renaissance was well under way. During the Renaissance, educated people began to focus more on the world they lived in. It was a time of great achievement in art, writing, and

education. The stage was set for another revolution in thinking.

The Scientific Revolution marked the birth of modern

science.

Chapter 20; Section 1

Name/Years LifeArea of Science

Theories, Inventions and Experiments

Church or People’sReaction

Aristotle and Ptolemy

Nicolaus Copernicus

Johannes Kepler

Sir Issac Newton

Francis Bacon

Rene Descartes

1. What is the Scientific Revolution and why was it important to history?2. Where does the word science come from?3. What is a theory?4. What is scientific knowledge based on?5. Who painted the famous painting of Greek thinkers in the early 1500s?6. Why was the church troubled by the Scientific Revolution?

Chapter 20-1The Scientific Revolution

Name/Years LifeArea of Science

Theories, Inventions and Experiments

Church or People’sReaction

Aristotle and Ptolemy Greek Thinkers

Astronomy, Geography, Logic

Think Rationally

Made a map of the world (wrong)

People translated their works and studied their works, but later doubted them

Nicolaus Copernicus Polish Astronomer

Astronomy

Beginning of Scientific Rev.

Heliocentric Idea (sun-centered)

The planets moved around the sun.

Other scientists went on to prove his theory.

Johannes Kepler German Astronomer

Astronomy

Planets move in elliptical (ovals) not circles as Copernicus said

Still accepted by scientists today

Sir Issac Newton English Scientist

Physics

Law of Gravity and Motion

How the physical world worked

Reflecting Telescope (Light)

Still accepted by scientists and foundation of nearly all scientific study until the 1900s

Francis Bacon Physical Science Scientific Method

Observation and Experimentation

Main Principles of Modern Science

Led to Democratic Ideas in Europe

Rene Descartes Physical Science Scientific Method

Hypothesis

Main Principles of Modern Science

1. What is the Scientific Revolution and why was it important to history?In Europe between 1540 and 1700, the most educated people came up with explanation to explain the world. This led to modern science.2. Where does the word science come from? Latin word for knowledge or understanding3. What is a theory? explanations scientists develop to explain observed facts4. What is scientific knowledge based on? observations, facts, and logical ideas or theories about them5. Who painted the famous painting of Greek thinkers in the early 1500s? Raphael’s School of Philosophy (Honoring Greek thinkers’ ideas)6. Why was the church troubled by the Scientific Revolution? Church officials feared that science might lead people to doubt key elements of their faith, undermining the church’s influence.

Chapter 20-1The Scientific Revolution

Chapter 20; Section 2Great Voyages of Discovery

Discoveries and inventions helped scientists study the

natural world.

Chapter 20-2The Age of Exploration

1. Why did people seek to explore the world in the 1400s?2. What advances in technology made exploration possible?3. What country takes the lead in the Age of Exploration?4. Why did the Europeans explorers call the Americas the “New World?”5. Why did France and England send explorers to the Americas?6. How did the voyages of discovery change the way the Europeans thought about their world?

Name and Year Country Lands Explored or Discovered Effects or Claims

Prince Henry the Navigator

Vasco da Gama

Christopher Columbus

Ferdinand Magellan

Galileo Galilei

Sir Francis Drake

Hernan Cortez

Chapter 20-2The Age of Exploration

1. Why did people seek to explore the world in the 1400s?They wanted Asian spices and wanted a direct route to Asia2. What advances in technology made exploration possible? Astrolobe and Compass, More Accurate Maps and Ship Building3. What country takes the lead in the Age of Exploration? Portugal4. Why did the Europeans explorers call the Americas the “New World?” it was New territory that they did not know was there5. Why did France and England send explorers to the Americas? They wanted to gain lands as Portugal and Spain, gold, and to convert

people, so they sent explorers to North America.6. How did the voyages of discovery change the way the Europeans thought about their world? Brought new knowledge about

geography and proved some old beliefs wrong (the church)

Name and Year Country Lands Explored or Discovered Effects or Claims

Prince Henry the Navigator Portugal School to Teach Sailors how to find their way in the seas

Responsible for much of Portugal’s success

Vasco da Gama Portugal Around Africa (Cape of Good Hope) landed in India (Asia)

1st to find another route to Asia

Christopher Columbus1492

Sailed for Spain Sailed West and landed in the West Indies (the Bahamas)

Finding the New World for Europe

Ferdinand Magellan1519

Sailed for Spain Discovered South America by accident and crew completed the 1st circumnavigation

After the circumnavigation, it was discovered the world was not flat but round

Galileo Galilei Italy Studied sky with telescope

Moons of Jupiter

Compound Telescope

Set up Experiments

Telescope (that could see into space)

First to use experiments for proof

Sir Francis Drake England Stole treasures from Spanish transport ships

Began a naval war between England and Spain and the creation of the Spanish Armada

Hernan Cortez Spain Found Mexico (Aztec), received gold

Mexico and ended the Aztec Empire

Chapter 20; Section 3New Systems of Trade

The Scientific Revolution had broad effects on society, changing ideas about the physical world, human

behavior and religion.

Chapter 20-3New Systems of Trade

1. How did new settlements led to new lands and trade systems?2. What is the Columbian Exchange and how did it change lives around the world?3. What is mercantilism? How did it create new patterns of global trade?4. Why did the power shift from Spain and Portugal to England and the Netherlands in the 1600s?5. What was shipped to the Americas from Africa by the Europeans? _________6. What is a market economy?7. What is capitalism? How did capitalism begin?

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Chapter 20-3New Systems of Trade

1. How did new settlements led to new lands and trade systems? They found new animals, plants, and ideas through the Age of Exploration2. What is the Columbian Exchange and how did it change lives around the world? The exchange of plants, animals, and ideas between the New World (the Americas) and the Old World (Europe). The introduced new things to each other. 3. What is mercantilism? How did it create new patterns of global trade? Economic system in which the government controls all economic activity in the country (make government richer) This allowed countries to develop a trade relationships.4. Why did the power shift from Spain and Portugal to England and the Netherlands in the 1600s? Established a company to trade directly with Asia and controlled many trading ports there. This gave them access to huge markets and resources.5. What was shipped to the Americas from Africa by the Europeans? _________ slaves6. What is a market economy? Based on the idea of supply and demand. People will produce goods that other people want.7. What is capitalism? How did capitalism begin? Economic System in which individuals and private businesses run most industries. As demand rose, capitalism formed.

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Instructions30 Points

1. Numbered off into groups. The number signifies the chapter section chart you will complete.

2. Work on charts individually for 20 minutes3. Collectively meet in groups for 15 minutes

– Quiz each other to make sure everyone understands the information

– Split information up so that everyone presents a piece on block day

– Create a 15 question quiz to give the class after your presentation (we will use the white boards) Write quiz questions on the back of handout #3.