chapter 21. american federation of labor formed in 1886 only skilled craft workers such as...

Chapter 21

American Federation of Labor Formed in 1886 Only skilled craft workers such as silversmiths and artisans

were allowed to belong Congress of Industrial Organizations

Formed in 1935 Permitted semiskilled and unskilled workers to become

members

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall. 21-2

Major federal statutes that regulate the labor-management relationship: Norris-LaGuardia Act Wagner Act: Enacted in 1935 - establishes the right of

employees to form and join labor organizations Labor-Management Relations Act Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act Railway Labor Act


National Labor Relations Board: A federal administrative agency that oversees union elections, prevents employers and unions from engaging in illegal and unfair labor practices, and enforces and interprets certain federal labor laws


Section 7 of the NLRA: A federal law that gives employees the right to form, join, and assist labor unions; to bargain collectively with employers; and to engage in concerted activity to promote these rights

Appropriate bargaining unit: A group of employees that a union is seeking to represent


Types of union elections Contested election: An election for a union that an

employer’s management contests▪ The NLRB must supervise this type of election

Consent election Decertification election

Union solicitation on company property: Inaccessibility exception: A rule that permits employees

and union officials to engage in union solicitation on company property if the employees are beyond reach of reasonable union efforts to communicate with them


Illegal interference with an election: Section 8(a) of the NLRA: A law that makes it an unfair

labor practice for an employer to interfere with, coerce, or restrain employees from exercising their statutory right to form and join unions


The act of negotiating contract terms between an employer and the members of a union

Collective bargaining agreement: The resulting contract from a collective bargaining procedure

Subjects of collective bargaining: Compulsory:▪ Wages

▪ Hours

▪ Terms and conditions of employment


Permissive subjects: Subjects that are not compulsory or illegal

Illegal subjects


Union security agreements: To obtain the greatest power possible, elected unions sometimes try to install a union security agreement Closed shop Union shop: A workplace in which an employee must join

the union within a certain number of days after being hired Agency shop: A workplace in which an employee does not

have to join the union but must pay an agency fee to the union


A cessation of work by union members in order to obtain economic benefits or correct an unfair labor practice

Cooling-off period: A mandatory sixty days’ notice before a strike can commence


Illegal strikes: Violent strikes Sit-down strikes Partial or intermittent strikes Wildcat strikes

No-strike clause: A clause in a collective bargaining agreement whereby a union agrees it will not strike during an agreed-upon period of time


Crossover and replacement workers Employer lockout: An act of an employer to prevent

employees from entering the work premises when the employer reasonably anticipates a strike


The action of strikers walking in front of an employer’s premises, carrying signs announcing their strike

Picketing is lawful unless: Is accompanied by violence Obstructs customers from entering the employer’s place of

business Prevents nonstriking employees from entering the

employer’s premises Prevents pickups and deliveries at the employer’s place of

business


Secondary boycott picketing: A type of picketing in which a union tries to bring pressure against an employer by picketing the employer’s suppliers or customers


A union may adopt internal union rules to regulate the operation of the union, acquire and maintain union membership, and the like

Title I of the Landrum-Griffin Act: Labor’s “bill of rights,” which gives each union member equal rights and privileges to nominate candidates for union office, vote in elections, and participate in membership meetings


Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act (Plant Closing Act): A federal act that requires employers with one hundred or more employees to give their employees sixty days’ notice before engaging in certain plant closings or layoffs


U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS): A federal agency empowered to enforce U.S. immigration laws

H-1B visa: A visa that allows U.S. employers to employ in the United States foreign nationals who are skilled in specialty occupations

EB-1 visa: A visa that allows U.S. employers to employ in the United States foreign nationals who possess exceptional qualifications for certain types of employment


Undocumented workers Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of 1986 Form I-9 “Employment Eligibility Verification


chapter 21. american federation of labor formed in 1886 only skilled craft workers such as...

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