Chapter 21.1 Chapter 21.1

English and American RevolutionsEnglish and American Revolutions

You have been elected to the Student Government (SG’s) at your High School. Lately, the government has been having some problems. First, only some of the very wealthy students can be elected. You have been fortunate to be elected to the SG this year and want to be actively involved. The President of student government is not elected. He is always a relative of one of the Student Government’s original founders. The current President became the government’s leader when his older brother graduated last year. The President makes all of the decisions for the student government. He can make a decision to have a party, who to invite, how much money to spend, and what to spend it on. The Student Government gets its money from the class members. As a member of the SG you can vote on how much money each person has to contribute. Lately the President has been spending lots of the Student Government’s money by throwing big parties and buying expensive things for himself and the club. The members can offer suggestions on how the SG’s money is spent, but the President doesn’t have to listen to them. Members can decide whether or not to contribute more money to the club’s activities. In addition, there is a minority group of students in the school who have signed a petition for some changes in the school, and the President refuses to even discuss them. There are no regular meetings, but the President can call a meeting whenever he wants. Lately, he has only called a meeting when he needs more money. He can also disband the club whenever he wants. Yesterday, the President called a meeting to ask for more contributions because the SG is running low on funds…

Predict what you think will happen

You have been elected to the Student Government (SG’s) at your High School. Lately, the government has been having some problems. First, only some of the very wealthy students can be elected. You have been fortunate to be elected to the SG this year and want to be actively involved. The President of student government is not elected. He is always a relative of one of the Student Government’s original founders. The current President became the government’s leader when his older brother graduated last year. The President makes all of the decisions for the student government. He can make a decision to have a party, who to invite, how much money to spend, and what to spend it on. The Student Government gets its money from the class members. As a member of the SG you can vote on how much money each person has to contribute. Lately the President has been spending lots of the Student Government’s money by throwing big parties and buying expensive things for himself and the club. The members can offer suggestions on how the SG’s money is spent, but the President doesn’t have to listen to them. Members can decide whether or not to contribute more money to the club’s activities. In addition, there is a minority group of students in the school who have signed a petition for some changes in the school, and the President refuses to even discuss them. There are no regular meetings, but the President can call a meeting whenever he wants. Lately, he has only called a meeting when he needs more money. He can also disband the club whenever he wants. Yesterday, the President called a meeting to ask for more contributions because the SG is running low on funds…

Predict what you think will happen

How does the SG president get power?

How does he get his money? What is your power as a member of

student government? Who is the minority group and what

is their role in student government?

How does the SG president get power?

How does he get his money? What is your power as a member of

student government? Who is the minority group and what

is their role in student government?

Terrible TudorsTerrible Tudors Tudor family - ruled England for over 100

years Henry VIII - best known for bringing the

Reformation to England, creating Church of England & having 6 wives - 2 were beheaded

Act of Supremacy - passed by Parliament, it made Henry VIII head of the English church instead of the Pope

Tudor family - ruled England for over 100 years

Henry VIII - best known for bringing the Reformation to England, creating Church of England & having 6 wives - 2 were beheaded

Act of Supremacy - passed by Parliament, it made Henry VIII head of the English church instead of the Pope

Henry’s 6 WivesHenry’s 6 Wives

Catherine of Aragon - Divorced Mary

Anne Bolelyn - Beheaded Elizabeth

Jane Seymour - Died Edward VI

Anne of Cleves - Divorced Catherine Howard - Beheaded Catherine Parr - Alive

Catherine of Aragon - Divorced Mary

Anne Bolelyn - Beheaded Elizabeth

Jane Seymour - Died Edward VI

Anne of Cleves - Divorced Catherine Howard - Beheaded Catherine Parr - Alive

Terrible TudorsTerrible Tudors Edward VI- 9 years old at Henry’s death Parliament rules England for 6 years until

Edward’s death Mary I - “Bloody Mary” Wants England to

become Catholic, Executes Protestants Elizabeth I- Rules for 45 years, strengthens

relationship w/ parliament, never marries

END OF TUDOR MONARCHY - STUART MONARCH BEGINS WITH JAMES I

Edward VI- 9 years old at Henry’s death Parliament rules England for 6 years until

Edward’s death Mary I - “Bloody Mary” Wants England to

become Catholic, Executes Protestants Elizabeth I- Rules for 45 years, strengthens

relationship w/ parliament, never marries

END OF TUDOR MONARCHY - STUART MONARCH BEGINS WITH JAMES I

Enlightenment IdeasEnlightenment Ideas

How do you think the ideas of the philosopher’s will effect government?

Individual Rights (Locke) Limited Powers of Gov’t

(Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire) Right to overthrow govt (Locke)

How do you think the ideas of the philosopher’s will effect government?

Individual Rights (Locke) Limited Powers of Gov’t

(Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire) Right to overthrow govt (Locke)

King James IKing James I• First of Stuart Family• Believed in Divine Right

of Kings• Believed power was

given to them from God• Ignored the Magna Carta• the first document that

limiting the King’s Power

• First of Stuart Family• Believed in Divine Right

of Kings• Believed power was

given to them from God• Ignored the Magna Carta• the first document that

limiting the King’s Power

King James IKing James I• Sold titles of Nobility• Accepted money/bribes for prestigious titles• Persecuted Puritans • minority members of Anglican Church,

wanted to purify church from Catholic practices – begin fleeing to America

• Reign marked by political and religious divisions

• Sold titles of Nobility• Accepted money/bribes for prestigious titles• Persecuted Puritans • minority members of Anglican Church,

wanted to purify church from Catholic practices – begin fleeing to America

• Reign marked by political and religious divisions

King Charles IKing Charles I Also believed in Divine Right -

James’ Son Believed power came from God Tried to Rule without Parliament Quartering of Soldiers -

Forced citizens to feed and house soldiers

Martial Law - temporary military rule with limitations on individual rights

Also believed in Divine Right - James’ Son

Believed power came from God Tried to Rule without Parliament Quartering of Soldiers -

Forced citizens to feed and house soldiers

Martial Law - temporary military rule with limitations on individual rights

Petition of RightsPetition of Rights Parliament forces Charles to sign

Petition of Rights– 4 limits on power: Severely limit the power of the King

1.) No taxes without Parliaments consent

2.) No imprisonment without just cause

3.) No quartering of troops4.) No martial lawCharles signs, but does not follow!

Parliament forces Charles to sign Petition of Rights– 4 limits on power: Severely limit the power of the King

1.) No taxes without Parliaments consent

2.) No imprisonment without just cause

3.) No quartering of troops4.) No martial lawCharles signs, but does not follow!

Petition of Rights PictogramPetition of Rights Pictogram

Divide your paper into four squares Title it Petition of Rights Label each square 1.) No taxes without Parliaments consent2.) No imprisonment without just cause3.) No quartering of troops4.) No martial law Draw a picture describing each

limitation

Divide your paper into four squares Title it Petition of Rights Label each square 1.) No taxes without Parliaments consent2.) No imprisonment without just cause3.) No quartering of troops4.) No martial law Draw a picture describing each

limitation

Charles ICharles IHe only calls Parliament when he needs more money (only calling a friend when you need something)

Disbands Parliament when they say no

During this time the Puritans power is increasing in Parliament

He only calls Parliament when he needs more money (only calling a friend when you need something)

Disbands Parliament when they say no

During this time the Puritans power is increasing in Parliament

Immediate cause of the Civil War

Immediate cause of the Civil War

19 Propositions – 19 limitations on the powers of the king

Makes Parliament above the Monarch

Charles refuses to share power with ParliamentLeads to Civil War

19 Propositions – 19 limitations on the powers of the king

Makes Parliament above the Monarch

Charles refuses to share power with ParliamentLeads to Civil War

Underlying Causes of Civil WarUnderlying Causes of Civil War

Political role of Parliament Parliament and Charles I competing for

power

Unfair system of taxation Charles I forcing people to give him money

The Religion of the Kings Charles I - Church of England vs Puritans

Political role of Parliament Parliament and Charles I competing for

power

Unfair system of taxation Charles I forcing people to give him money

The Religion of the Kings Charles I - Church of England vs Puritans

English Civil WarEnglish Civil War War between

Roundheads and Cavaliers

Royalists (Cavaliers) supported the King and Roundheads (Puritans) supported Parliament

War between Roundheads and Cavaliers

Royalists (Cavaliers) supported the King and Roundheads (Puritans) supported Parliament

RoundheadsRoundheads

RoyalistsRoyalists

Oliver CromwellOliver Cromwell Oliver Cromwell – leads Roundheads

to victory after 4 years in May 1946. Puritans control Parliament, Charles

surrenders in 1647 & is executed in 1649 (English people shocked)New govt:

Commonwealth- a state ruled by elected representatives

Cromwell leads following Puritan Rules

Eventually disbands Commonwealth and rules as a dictator

Oliver Cromwell – leads Roundheads to victory after 4 years in May 1946.

Puritans control Parliament, Charles surrenders in 1647 & is executed in 1649 (English people shocked)New govt:

Commonwealth- a state ruled by elected representatives

Cromwell leads following Puritan Rules

Eventually disbands Commonwealth and rules as a dictator

Charles IICharles II Accepts limits on his power

Magna Carta, Petition of Rights Accepted Habeas Corpus Could not be held in prison without just cause or a

trial He is called the Merry Monarch Issue arise over who inherits the throne

Two political parties form in Parliament over James II (Catholic) right to inherit throne

Whigs (want to exclude James) and Tories (in favor of James in power)

Accepts limits on his power Magna Carta, Petition of Rights

Accepted Habeas Corpus Could not be held in prison without just cause or a

trial He is called the Merry Monarch Issue arise over who inherits the throne

Two political parties form in Parliament over James II (Catholic) right to inherit throne

Whigs (want to exclude James) and Tories (in favor of James in power)

James IIJames II Attempts to re-establish an

Absolute MonarchyClaimed he had the right to suspend laws

Appoints Catholics to high govt positions

When he dies, his Catholic son is next to inherit the throne

Attempts to re-establish an Absolute MonarchyClaimed he had the right to suspend laws

Appoints Catholics to high govt positions

When he dies, his Catholic son is next to inherit the throne

Glorious RevolutionGlorious Revolution Fearful of another Catholic becoming King,

the Whigs and Tories united against James to invite William (Mary’s husband) (Mary is James’ daughter)

Why is this called the Glorious Revolution? No bloodshed over new leader

Accepted new limits on their power Bill of Rights

Right to trial by jury, no cruel & unusual punishment, limits on bail, free speech in Parliament

Fearful of another Catholic becoming King, the Whigs and Tories united against James to invite William (Mary’s husband) (Mary is James’ daughter)

Why is this called the Glorious Revolution? No bloodshed over new leader

Accepted new limits on their power Bill of Rights

Right to trial by jury, no cruel & unusual punishment, limits on bail, free speech in Parliament

Results of Glorious Revolution Results of Glorious Revolution

William III and Mary II gain the crown without a battle

James II is forced to flee England

Parliament passes the Bill of Rights

William III and Mary II gain the crown without a battle

James II is forced to flee England

Parliament passes the Bill of Rights

AnneAnne

Parliaments power increases during her reign

Cabinet- a group of advisors from Parliament act as advisor to King/Queen

Parliaments power increases during her reign

Cabinet- a group of advisors from Parliament act as advisor to King/Queen

George IGeorge I Prime Minister –Selected from

the majority party in the House of Commons, is the head of cabinet and Chief Executive of Parliament; handles much of kings previous duties

First Prime Minister – Robert Walpole

Prime Minister –Selected from the majority party in the House of Commons, is the head of cabinet and Chief Executive of Parliament; handles much of kings previous duties

First Prime Minister – Robert Walpole

George IIGeorge II

Prime Ministers power increases again under George II

Prime Ministers power increases again under George II

George IIIGeorge III

Who is George III?Who is George III?

What was the biggest legacy of the

Civil War?

What was the biggest legacy of the

Civil War?

Move from Absolute Monarchies to

Constitutional Monarchies