Chapter 23: Becoming a Chapter 23: Becoming a World PowerWorld Power

Section 1: The United States Continues to Section 1: The United States Continues to ExpandExpand

Section 2: The Spanish-American WarSection 2: The Spanish-American War

In the 1900In the 1900’’s, a lot of countriess, a lot of countries (especially in Europe)(especially in Europe) believed in believed in

imperialismimperialism Building empires Building empires around the worldaround the world

(also: (also: expansionism)expansionism)BecauseBecause::

•Colonies are ways to Colonies are ways to make make moneymoney•Countries could Countries could expand theirexpand their militariesmilitaries•Many Americans and Many Americans and Europeans felt Europeans felt whites werewhites were superior to other superior to other racesraces

Other Other countries in countries in the world the world were also were also trying to trying to expand their expand their empires.empires.

For example, For example, herehere’’s what s what was happening was happening in Africa at in Africa at the same the same time.time.

One place America was able to One place America was able to expand was:expand was:

How did Alaska get to be How did Alaska get to be part of the United States?part of the United States?

Russia thought the land was worthless Russia thought the land was worthless to them.to them.

Asked Asked William Seward William Seward (Sec. of State) (Sec. of State) if we wanted to buy it.if we wanted to buy it.

We did – for $7.2 million (2 cents an We did – for $7.2 million (2 cents an acre)acre)

Called Called ““SewardSeward’’s Follys Folly”” and and ““SewardSeward’’s Iceboxs Icebox”” But today weBut today we’’re re reallyreally glad we have it glad we have it

And… And… The Annexation of Hawaii The Annexation of Hawaii

came nextcame next(these were only (these were only territoriesterritories – –

not statesnot states))

How did Hawaii get to be How did Hawaii get to be part of the United States?part of the United States?

Some Americans settled there and Some Americans settled there and slowly slowly ““took over.took over.””

People grew sugar cane and People grew sugar cane and pineapple (like Sanford Dole).pineapple (like Sanford Dole).

U.S. government made many deals U.S. government made many deals (tax deals).(tax deals).

The U.S. ended up getting The U.S. ended up getting financial control of Hawaii – from financial control of Hawaii – from Queen LiliuokalaniQueen Liliuokalani

And… military control after a mini And… military control after a mini revolt.revolt.

Ended up being important for its Ended up being important for its sea lanes (the route followed by sea lanes (the route followed by trading ships).trading ships).

Also became important refueling Also became important refueling and water stations.and water stations.

1895: the only places 1895: the only places Spain had left in the Spain had left in the

AmericaAmerica’’s were: s were: CubaCuba

(rich in tobacco (rich in tobacco and sugar)and sugar)

Puerto RicoPuerto Rico

(produced many (produced many food products)food products)

1895: some Cubans began 1895: some Cubans began to fight for their freedomto fight for their freedom

The Spanish put any rebels The Spanish put any rebels they caught in: they caught in: concentration concentration

campscamps(even innocent women and children)(even innocent women and children)

American Newspapers printed American Newspapers printed stories about how badly these stories about how badly these

people were being treatedpeople were being treated These stories would These stories would

get more people to get more people to buy newspapers buy newspapers

This is called This is called ““yellow journalismyellow journalism”” -- using sensational using sensational headlines, rather headlines, rather than real news to than real news to sell newspaperssell newspapers

The U.S. sent a battleship to The U.S. sent a battleship to protect any Americans who were protect any Americans who were

there (The Maine)there (The Maine) But…. one night the ship blew upBut…. one night the ship blew up Newspapers said the Spanish probably Newspapers said the Spanish probably did it and America should go to did it and America should go to war!!!!!war!!!!!

And we did…. with the battle cry: And we did…. with the battle cry: ““Remember the MaineRemember the Maine””

The The Spanish-American War Spanish-American War was very popular in Americawas very popular in America

Spain still Spain still had wooden had wooden shipsships

The U.S. had The U.S. had brand new brand new steel shipssteel ships

In one battle, In one battle, 10 Spanish 10 Spanish ships were ships were sunk – and not sunk – and not a single a single American diedAmerican died

One famous group of One famous group of soldiers who fought in soldiers who fought in this war (in Cuba):this war (in Cuba):

““The Rough RidersThe Rough Riders””

(Their leader was Teddy (Their leader was Teddy Roosevelt)Roosevelt)

The war ended quickly The war ended quickly and Spain went back and Spain went back

homehome Cuba and Puerto Cuba and Puerto Rico were free Rico were free from Spanish from Spanish rulerule

But being free from Spanish rule But being free from Spanish rule didndidn’’t mean they were free from t mean they were free from

American ruleAmerican rule The PhilippinesThe Philippines ended ended up under American up under American control.control.

Cuba was under some Cuba was under some American control.American control.

Puerto Rico became an Puerto Rico became an American territory.American territory.

Americans were seen Americans were seen as people whoas people who’’d d intervene intervene (interventionists) (interventionists) in in Latin American Latin American affairsaffairs

Even today: Even today: Puerto Rico is an Puerto Rico is an ““American CommonwealthAmerican Commonwealth””

Official NameOfficial Name Puerto Puerto Rico, Commonwealth Rico, Commonwealth territory territory of the USAof the USA, claimed , claimed 1898 1898

Puerto Ricans share all Puerto Ricans share all the rights and obligations the rights and obligations of U.S. citizenship, of U.S. citizenship, including service in the including service in the armed forces; however, armed forces; however, they do not pay federal they do not pay federal taxes and cannot vote in taxes and cannot vote in national elections. The national elections. The U.S. government handles U.S. government handles Puerto Rico's foreign Puerto Rico's foreign affairs, and U.S. military affairs, and U.S. military installations are installations are maintained on the island.maintained on the island.

There are now close to There are now close to four million Puerto Ricans four million Puerto Ricans living stateside, with living stateside, with reports that this number reports that this number exceeds the number of exceeds the number of Puerto Ricans living in Puerto Ricans living in Puerto Rico Puerto Rico