chapter 24 the origin of species. question? u what is a species? u comment - evolution theory must...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 24The Origin of
Species
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Question?
What is a species? Comment - Evolution theory
must also explain how species originate.
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Two Concepts of Species
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Morphospecies
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Problem Where does extensive
phenotype variation fit?
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Two Schools
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Biological Species
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Key Points
Heaven Scent
an F1 hybrid between 2 species, but sterile.
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Speciation Requires:
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Reproductive Barriers
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Main Types of Barriers
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Prezygotic - Types
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Habitat Isolation
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Behavioral Isolation
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Temporal Isolation
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Mechanical Isolation
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Gametic Isolation
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Postzygotic Types
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Reduced Hybrid Viability
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Reduced Hybrid Fertility
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Hybrid Breakdown
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Modes of Speciation
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Allopatric Speciation
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Example
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Another Example
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Conditions Favoring Allopatric Speciation
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Conditions Favoring Allopatric Speciation
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Result
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Adaptive Radiation
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Mechanism
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When the Environment Saturates
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Sympatric Speciation
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Plants
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Polyploid Types
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Autopolyploid
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Allopolyploid
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Animals
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Gradualism Evolution
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Gradualism Predicts:
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Problem
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Punctuated Evolution
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Punctuated Equilibrium
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Predictions
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Predictions
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Possible Mechanism
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Comment
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Origin of Evolutionary Novelty
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Ex - Homeosis
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Gene Duplications
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Future of Evolution ?
Look for new theories and ideas to be developed, especially from new fossil finds and from molecular (DNA) evidence.
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Evolutionary Trends
Evolution is not goal oriented. It does not produce “perfect” species.
Remember – species survive because of their adaptations. They don’t adapt to survive.
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Summary
Be able to discuss the main theories of what is a “species”.
Know various reproductive barriers and examples.
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Summary
Know allopatric and sympatric speciation.
Be able to discuss gradualism and punctuated equilibrium theories.
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Summary
Recognize various ideas about the origin of evolutionary novelties.