Chapter 24: World War I Chapter 24: World War I Section 3: Life on the Home Section 3: Life on the Home

FrontFrontSection 4: The Legacy of World Section 4: The Legacy of World

War IWar I

What people did to help at What people did to help at home:home:

People boughtPeople bought war war bondsbonds

Farmers increased Farmers increased productionproduction

Unions agreed not to Unions agreed not to strikestrike

No gas or fuel on No gas or fuel on certain dayscertain days

No wheat or meat on No wheat or meat on certain dayscertain days

People grew their own People grew their own food (Victory Gardens)food (Victory Gardens)

Instituted a draft (21-Instituted a draft (21-35 year old men35 year old men

The government produced The government produced a lot of a lot of propagandapropaganda to to promote the war effortpromote the war effort

Posters, writings, movies, speeches, that try and

influence people

Loaning the government money – with an interest

rate

It was a time when people looked It was a time when people looked down on Germans and anything down on Germans and anything

GermanGerman Berlin, Maryland Berlin, Maryland became Brunswick.became Brunswick.

Sauerkraut became Sauerkraut became ““liberty cabbage.liberty cabbage.””

Frankfurters Frankfurters became hot dogs.became hot dogs.

German Shepherds German Shepherds became police became police dogs.dogs.

And people who criticized or And people who criticized or avoided the war usually got avoided the war usually got

in troublein trouble(The Espionage Act and The Sedition Act)(The Espionage Act and The Sedition Act)

Draft resisters were Draft resisters were prosecuted.prosecuted.

Hundreds of war Hundreds of war critics were put in critics were put in jail.jail.

Eugene Dobbs was put Eugene Dobbs was put in jail for ten years in jail for ten years – for giving a speech – for giving a speech that said the war was that said the war was being fought for the being fought for the profits of big profits of big businessmen.businessmen.

The Supreme Court The Supreme Court upheld the idea that upheld the idea that free speech could be free speech could be limited in wartime.limited in wartime.

Another thing the war Another thing the war did:did:

It opened up a lot of It opened up a lot of jobs for women (the men jobs for women (the men who had been doing them who had been doing them were off fighting).were off fighting).

It opened up a lot of It opened up a lot of jobs for African jobs for African Americans – but to get Americans – but to get them they had to move them they had to move to the North to the to the North to the towns with factories. towns with factories.

This time was called This time was called ““the Great Migration.the Great Migration.””

(When many African (When many African Americans moved from Americans moved from the South to the North)the South to the North)

1918 was also a terrible 1918 was also a terrible for time for everyonefor time for everyone’’s s

healthhealth There was a terrible There was a terrible flu epidemic that flu epidemic that spread around the spread around the world (with no known world (with no known cure).cure).

It spread all over It spread all over because of the because of the soldiers going to and soldiers going to and from the war.from the war.

20 million people 20 million people died (500,000 in the died (500,000 in the U.S.)U.S.)

President Wilson had a plan for what President Wilson had a plan for what Europe and the world should be like Europe and the world should be like

after WWI was over:after WWI was over: It had 14 ideas/goals – so It had 14 ideas/goals – so

it was called it was called ““WilsonWilson’’s 14 s 14 Points.Points.””

This included forming a This included forming a group called:group called: ““The League The League of Nationsof Nations”” where many where many countries would get together countries would get together and look for peaceful and look for peaceful solutions to their problems.solutions to their problems.

Part of this plan was that Part of this plan was that Germany would have to pay Germany would have to pay reparations for what they reparations for what they did in starting and did in starting and continuing the war.continuing the war. Accept responsibility

and pay for something

Besides the flu, there was Besides the flu, there was another problem in Americaanother problem in America

There was a lot of There was a lot of racial tension.racial tension.

Soldiers who fought for Soldiers who fought for their country came back their country came back and were still treated and were still treated as second class as second class citizens.citizens.

African Americans lost African Americans lost some of the jobs they some of the jobs they gained in Northern gained in Northern cities and as result cities and as result lost their homes.lost their homes.

Many cities even had Many cities even had race riots (even Chicago race riots (even Chicago – where one started when – where one started when a black man floated into a black man floated into a white section at a a white section at a beach).beach).