CHAPTER 26, LESSON 6

THE WAR ENDS

THE WAR ENDS

• U.S. decides that Hitler must be defeated first• Germany is the greater threat

• Allied invasion of Europe• Two front war

• Plans for an invasion of Italy, invasion of France from Britain

INVASION OF ITALY

• September of 1943 – capture of Sicily• Allies capture Rome on June 4, 1944• As the Italians retreated northward, Germany

occupied the north of Italy to protect its southern border

ALLIES PUSH THE GERMAN’S BACK

• Nazi’s prepare the coast of France• Atlantic Wall• Mine fields, barbed wire, pill boxes, artillery, bunkers, etc.

• Allies land at Normandy June 6, 1944 (D-Day)• At the end of the invasion, allies occupy about 60

miles of French coastline• Interactive D-Day Map• Allies slowly retake Europe• German counter-attack• Battle of the Bulge

YALTA AGREEMENT

• Roosevelt re-elected for a fourth term in 1944• Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin meet to decide a

plan for after the German surrender• Soviet Union would enter the war against Japan• Germany would be divided into four zones• Soviet Union would hold democratic elections• United Nations would be created

• The agreement will cause problems for the U.S. and Soviet Union

WAR ENDS

• Roosevelt dies in April of 1945• Truman becomes President• Hitler kills himself in a bunker in Berlin• Germany surrenders• Allies take ground and islands from Japan• Japan refuses to surrender• Allies plan invasion of mainland Japan

ATOMIC BOMB DROPPED ON JAPAN

• Estimates of an invasion of Japan are near 1 million American lives• Truman gives a warning to Japan before using the

A-bomb• Japan refuses to surrender• Enola Gay drops bomb on Hiroshima instantly

killing or wounding 130,000 people• 3 days later Nagasaki is hit, killing or wounding

75,000 people• Japan formally surrenders on September 2, 1945