chapter 2atoms and elements 2.1 classification of matter copyright © 2007 by pearson education,...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements
2.1Classification of Matter
Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
![Page 2: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A pure substance is classified as Matter with a specific composition.
An element when composed of one type of atom.
A compound when composed of two or more elements chemically combined in a definite ratio.
Pure Substances
![Page 3: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Elements
Elements are Pure substances that
contain atoms of only one type.
Copper Cu
Lead Pb
Aluminum Al Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
![Page 4: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Compounds
Compounds Contain two or more
elements bonded together in a definite ratio.
Salt (NaCl)
Table sugar (C12H22O11)
Water (H2O)
Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
![Page 5: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Elements in a Compound
“Table salt” is a compound that contains the elements sodium and chlorine.
Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Reaction
![Page 6: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Identify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture.
A. pasta and tomato sauce
B. aluminum foil
C. helium
D. air
Learning Check
![Page 7: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Identify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture.
A. pasta and tomato sauce mixture
B. aluminum foil pure substance
C. helium pure substance
D. air mixture
Solution
![Page 8: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Mixtures
A mixture is matter that consists of Two or more substances that are physically
mixed, not chemically combined. Two or more substances in different proportions. Substances that can be separated by physical
methods.
![Page 9: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Homogeneous Mixtures
In a homogeneous mixture,
The composition is uniform throughout.
The different parts of the mixture are not visible.
Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
![Page 10: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Heterogeneous Mixtures
In a heterogeneous mixture,
The composition is not uniform, it varies from one part of the mixture to another.
The different parts of the mixture are visible.
Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
![Page 11: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Identify each of the following as a homogeneous orheterogeneous mixture:
A. hot fudge sundae
B. shampoo
C. sugar water
D. peach pie
Learning Check
![Page 12: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Identify each of the following as a homogeneous orheterogeneous mixture:
A. hot fudge sundae heterogeneous mixture
B. shampoo homogeneous mixture
C. sugar water homogeneous mixture
D. peach pie heterogeneous mixture
Solution
![Page 13: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Physical Separation of A Mixture
The physical separation of a mixture Involves only physical changes. Occurs when is pasta and water are separated
with a strainer.
Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
![Page 14: Chapter 2Atoms and Elements 2.1 Classification of Matter Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070400/56649f115503460f94c23416/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)