chapter 3 & 4: ecology, ecosystems, & communities ms. wasilewski biology
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 3 & 4: Ecology, Ecosystems, & CommunitiesMs. WasilewskiBiology
Do Now
1. What are abiotic factors? Give two examples.
2. What are biotic factors? Give two examples.
3. Which of the following statements about a controlled experiment is true?
a) all the variables must be kept the sameb) only one variable is tested at a timec) everything can be studied by setting up a
controlled experimentd) controlled experiments cannot be
performed on living things
Non living factors. Rocks, rain
Living factors. Plants, animals
Fair TestOne factor
changes, all others stay the same!!!
Homework and Announcements
• Due: Worksheets 3.1, 4.1
• Homework: Read/Notes 4.3,4.4,4.5Ecosystem Drawing (label abiotic and biotic factors)
Title: Ecology
L.O. SWBAT compare and describe abiotic and biotic factors in
a biome.
3.1 What is ecology?
The study of interactions among organisms
They study the biosphere – from Earth’s atmosphere to the trenches of the ocean and everything in-between
What is ecology?
These interactions are interdependent: between environments, everything is connected
We are constantly changing our surroundings by our habits (eating, driving, creating houses, etc).
Levels of Organization
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biome
Planet Earth
Species: group of similar organisms that can breed and reproduce
Group of species
Different populations together
All organisms in an area & their non-living parts
Group of ecosystems that share similar climates and organisms
Levels of Organization
Biotic vs. Abiotic
Biotic: Living-Ex: Animals,
plants, bacteria
Abiotic: Non-living-Ex: Sunlight, water,
heat, soil
What levels of organization include abiotic factors?
Think about it….Biotic vs. Abiotic
Would bean seeds grow better in sand or soil??
What are some abiotic factors you can find it soil that you can’t find in sand?
Energy, Producers & Consumers
We need energy in order to survive… to get out of bed in the morning!
You can get your energy from a poptart, but where did the poptart get it?
Energy, Producers & Consumers
The ultimate source of energy is the sun!
Photosynthesis: Plants converting energy from the sun into “food”
Sometimes, organisms get energy from chemicals: Chemosynthesis
Bacteria that use sulfur deep in the ocean, or in volcanoes.
Energy, Producers & Consumers
Autotrophs: use solar / chemical energy to produce “food”.• “Food” is an inorganic
substance turned organic (now contains Carbon)
• Primary Producers
They store this energy to pass on to others. Without them, our ecosystem wouldn’t have any energy and you wouldn’t have any food!
Reminder!
Law of Conservation of
Energy
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it can only be transferred and converted!!
Energy, Producers & Consumers
We cannot make our own energy, we have to get it from other organisms
-Known as Heterotrophs or Consumers
Energy, Producers and Consumers
Different kinds of Consumers: Carnivores: kill and eat other
animals (lion)Scavengers: eat bodies of dead
animals (hyenas)Decomposers: break down organic
matter (bacteria)Herbivores: eat plant parts
(birds)Omnivores: eat both plants and
animals (us)
Detritivores: eat decomposers (shrimp)
Summary
5 Minutes of Silent Writing Time
(Example sentence starters)
Today I learned how to compare and discuss…
The law of conservation of energy says…
Organisms transfer energy by….