chapter 3: ancient mesopotamia - ms....
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 3: Ancient Mesopotamia
Section 1 Sumer
1.1 The geography of Ancient Mesopotamia
EQ: How did the geography of Mesopotamia help create the conditions for civilization?
1.1 The geography of Ancient MesopotamiaEQ: How did the ____________ of Mesopotamia help create the ___________ for civilization?Mesopotamia means “land between the ____________”
• _________ _______ (swift) and __________ ________(slower)• Empty into the Persian Gulf• Floods deposited ________ (rich soil) as well as destroying farms and
buildings, unreliable • Euphrates changed course leaving cities without __________
• Cities built on the ____________: ___, Uruk, Babylon, ______, Nineveh…
NATURAL BOUNDARIES
• Zagros _____________ to the east• Melting snow from the mts ____________ the rivers depositing fertile
soil on the riverbanks
• __________ Desert to the west
• ______________ Sea to the west
• _____________ Desert to the southwest
FARMING THE __________ CRESCENT
• Difficult• Unreliable flooding and ______________• Hot ______________
• Solutions• ____________- watering field using human-made systems
• Farmers dug and maintained irrigation ____________ that carried water from the rivers to the fields
• Stored _______________• Build ____________ to contain flood waters• Developed the ox-driven ___________ (broke up hard soil)
• Results• Lots of crops most of the time, agricultural ____________• Growing _______________• Development of art, ________________, and technology
1.1 The geography of Ancient MesopotamiaEQ: How did the ____________ of Mesopotamia help create the ___________ for civilization?Mesopotamia means “land between the ____________”
• _________ _______ (swift) and __________ ________(slower)• Empty into the Persian Gulf• Floods deposited ________ (rich soil) as well as destroying farms and
buildings, unreliable • Euphrates changed course leaving cities without __________
• Cities built on the ____________: ___, Uruk, Babylon, ______, Nineveh…
NATURAL BOUNDARIES
• Zagros _____________ to the east• Melting snow from the mts ____________ the rivers depositing fertile
soil on the riverbanks
• __________ Desert to the west
• ______________ Sea to the west
• _____________ Desert to the southwest
FARMING THE __________ CRESCENT
• Difficult• Unreliable flooding and ______________• Hot ______________
• Solutions• ____________- watering field using human-made systems
• Farmers dug and maintained irrigation ____________ that carried water from the rivers to the fields
• Stored _______________• Build ____________ to contain flood waters• Developed the ox-driven ___________ (broke up hard soil)
• Results• Lots of crops most of the time, agricultural ____________• Growing _______________• Development of art, ________________, and technology
Fill in the blanks on your note-taking form
as you watch the presentation.
Mesopotamia means “land between the rivers”• Tigris River (swift) and Euphrates River (slower)
• Empty into the Persian Gulf• Floods deposited silt (rich soil) as well as destroying farms and buildings,
unreliable • Euphrates changed course leaving cities without water
• Cities built on the riverbanks: Ur, Uruk, Babylon, Kish, Nineveh…
NATURAL BOUNDARIES• Zagros Mountains to the east
• Melting snow from the mts flooded the rivers depositing fertile soil on the riverbanks
• Syrian Desert to the west• Mediterranean Sea to the west• Arabian Desert to the southwest
FARMING THE FERTILECRESCENT• Difficult
• Unreliable flooding and rainfall
• Hot summers
• Solutions• Irrigation- watering
field using human-made systems
• Farmers dug and maintained irrigation canals that carried water from the rivers to the fields
FARMING THE FERTILE CRESCENT• Difficult
• Unreliable flooding and rainfall
• Hot summers• Solutions
• Irrigation- watering field using human-made systems
• Farmers dug and maintained irrigation canals that carried water from the rivers to the fields
• Stored rainwater• Build walls to
contain flood waters
FARMING THE FERTILE CRESCENT• Difficult
• Unreliable flooding and rainfall• Hot summers
• Solutions• Irrigation- watering field using human-made
systems• Farmers dug and maintained irrigation canals that
carried water from the rivers to the fields• Stored rainwater• Build walls to contain flood waters• Developed the ox-driven plow (broke up hard
soil)
• Results• Lots of crops most of the time, agricultural surplus• Growing population• Development of art, architecture, and technology
1.2-1.4 Sumer pp68-73
EQ: What elements of civilization developed in Sumer?
1.2-1.4 SumerEQ: What elements of civilization developed in Sumer?1.2 City-States Develop
• ______________: a self-governing unit made up of a city and its surrounding __________ and settlements; a city that ____________the surrounding villages and towns
• Sumerian social classes (order based on power/wealth)1. Kings2. ___________3. Administrators, scribes, merchants, ____________ (people
who are skilled at making things my hand4. __________________, less-skilled workers5. ____________
1.3 Religion in Sumer
• ________________- belief in _________ gods/goddesses• ______________ worshipped hundreds of gods• Gods were believed to control ___________ ___________
(droughts, floods, diseases…)
• ______________- specific tasks or acts repeated preformed the same way
• ______________- a huge pyramid shaped temple, served as a ___________ to a specific deity (god)
1.4 Sumerian Writing
• ______________, images of objects, earliest form of writing
• ______________, symbols that eventually represented sounds• Sounds combined to create words• Used to record general information, religious works, scientific
works, stories
1.2-1.4 SumerEQ: What elements of civilization developed in Sumer?1.2 City-States Develop
• ______________: a self-governing unit made up of a city and its surrounding __________ and settlements; a city that ____________the surrounding villages and towns
• Sumerian social classes (order based on power/wealth)1. Kings2. ___________3. Administrators, scribes, merchants, ____________ (people
who are skilled at making things my hand4. __________________, less-skilled workers5. ____________
1.3 Religion in Sumer
• ________________- belief in _________ gods/goddesses• ______________ worshipped hundreds of gods• Gods were believed to control ___________ ___________
(droughts, floods, diseases…)
• ______________- specific tasks or acts repeated preformed the same way
• ______________- a huge pyramid shaped temple, served as a ___________ to a specific deity (god)
1.4 Sumerian Writing
• ______________, images of objects, earliest form of writing
• ______________, symbols that eventually represented sounds• Sounds combined to create words• Used to record general information, religious works, scientific
works, stories
Fill in the blanks on your note-taking form
as you watch the presentation.
1.2 City-States Develop• City-state: a self-governing unit made up of a city and its
surrounding lands and settlements; a city that controls the surrounding villages and towns
• Sumerian social classes (order based on power/wealth)1. Kings2. Priest3. Administrators, scribes, merchants, artisans (people who are skilled at
making things my hand4. Farmers, less-skilled workers5. Slaves
1.3 Religion in Sumer• polytheism- belief in many gods/goddesses
• Sumerians worshipped hundreds of gods• Gods were believed to control natural forces (droughts, floods, diseases…)
• Rituals- specific tasks or acts repeated preformed the same way• Ziggurat- a huge pyramid shaped temple, served as a shrine to a specific deity (god)
Chogha Zanbil's Zigguratshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMy9E-04pPk
1.4 Sumerian Writing• Pictographs, images of objects, earliest form of writing• Cuneiform, symbols that eventually represented sounds
• Sounds combined to create words• Used to record general information, religious works, scientific
works, stories
Mesopotamia The Development of Written Languagehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VroX-_thMLg
1.5 Sargon Conquers Mesopotamia
EQ: How did Sargon conquer Sumer and other lands in Mesopotamia to create the world’s first empire?
Ch3: 1.5 Sargon Conquers MesopotamiaEQ: How did __________ conquer Sumer and other ________ in Mesopotamia to create the world’s first empire?
Sargon the Great- Ruler of the ______________ _________• Servant to the king of Kish (city-state in _________,
central Mesopotamia)• Served in the royal court, then became a powerful
_______________• Overthrew the Kish __________• 2334BC Sargon’s armies conquered a weakened
______________ and took control of northern Mesopotamia
• Created the world’s first __________ (a group of ______________ lands and people governed by _________ ruler)
Empire and Expansion• Akkadian Empire lasted 150 years, 56 years ruled by
______________• Sargon was an effective ____________ and skilled
at managing ____________ and projects• Allowed _____________ people to keep their local
rulers and customs, demanded obedience and had a protection tax (____________)
• Sargon inspired loyalty and brought peace and prosperity to conquered lands, increasing agricultural production and _____________
• No ______________ (widespread hunger) for 100 years during the Akkadian Empire
• 2200BC Akkadian Empire collapsed: too ______ to control, rebelling city-states, _________ against unprotected borders
Sargon the Great- Ruler of the ______________ _________• Servant to the king of Kish (city-state in _________,
central Mesopotamia)• Served in the royal court, then became a powerful
_______________• Overthrew the Kish __________• 2334BC Sargon’s armies conquered a weakened
______________ and took control of northern Mesopotamia
• Created the world’s first __________ (a group of ______________ lands and people governed by _________ ruler)
Empire and Expansion• Akkadian Empire lasted 150 years, 56 years ruled by
______________• Sargon was an effective ____________ and skilled
at managing ____________ and projects• Allowed _____________ people to keep their local
rulers and customs, demanded obedience and had a protection tax (____________)
• Sargon inspired loyalty and brought peace and prosperity to conquered lands, increasing agricultural production and _____________
• No ______________ (widespread hunger) for 100 years during the Akkadian Empire
• 2200BC Akkadian Empire collapsed: too ______ to control, rebelling city-states, _________ against unprotected borders
Ch3: 1.5 Sargon Conquers Mesopotamia pp74-75EQ: How did __________ conquer Sumer and other ________ in Mesopotamia to create the world’s first empire?
Fill in the blanks on your note-taking form
as you watch the presentation.
Sargon the Great- Ruler of the Akkadian Empire• Servant to the king of Kish (city-state in Akkad, central
Mesopotamia)• Served in the royal court, then became a powerful official• Overthrew the Kish king
• 2334BC Sargon’s armies conquered a weakened Sumer and took control of northern Mesopotamia
• Created the world’s first empire (a group of different lands and people governed by one ruler)
Empire and Expansion• Akkadian Empire lasted 150 years, 56 years ruled by Sargon• Sargon was an effective warrior and skilled at managing people
and projects• Allowed conquered people to keep their local rulers and customs,
demanded obedience and had a protection tax (tribute)• Sargon inspired loyalty and brought peace and prosperity to
conquered lands, increasing agricultural production and trade• No famines (widespread hunger) for 100 years during the
Akkadian Empire• 2200BC Akkadian Empire collapsed: too big to control, rebelling
city-states, raiders against unprotected borders
As you watch, compare the information about Sargon in the video to the information in our text book. Which source is more reliable? Why? Could both sources be correct?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GBd2OPAAmYE