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Chapter 3 Computer Software

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Page 1: Chapter 3 Computer Software. 3 Chapter 3: Computer Software2 Chapter Contents  Section A: Software Basics  Section B: Popular Applications  Section

Chapter 3

Computer Software

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3

Chapter 3: Computer Software 2

Chapter Contents Section A: Software Basics Section B: Popular Applications Section C: Buying Software Section D: Installing Software and Upgrades Section E: Security Software

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3 FastPoll True/False QuestionsAnswer A for True and B for False

030100 Word processing software and operating systems are examples of application software.

030200 Spreadsheets are classified as utility software. 030300 The software you install to help a printer

communicate with a computer is called a device driver. 030400 Desktop publishing software is based on

frames. 030500 Spreadsheet software is particularly useful for

what-if analyses.

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3 FastPoll True/False QuestionsAnswer A for True and B for False

030600 Database software stores information in HTML codes.

030700 CAD software is a good choice for professional-quality photo editing.

030800 Payroll software is a good example of vertical market business software.

030900 If the main screen of a software product does not contain a copyright notice, it is legal to make copies and share them with your friends.

031000 A EULA is a license agreement that specifies how to legally use a software product.

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3 FastPoll True/False QuestionsAnswer A for True and B for False

031100 Open source software is public domain. 031200 The Windows Registry is a database that

keeps track of a computer’s peripheral devices, software, preferences, and settings.

031300 Downloaded software is usually zipped to decrease download time.

031400 Hash codes are used to generate a unique number as part of the software activation process.

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3 FastPoll True/False QuestionsAnswer A for True and B for False

031500 Web apps typically are installed on your computer’s local hard disk.

031600 A software worm can replicate itself. 031700 To keep your antivirus software up to date,

it is important to get updates of the rootkit. 031800 Botnets offer effective security protection

from spyware.

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3SECTION A

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Software Basics Software Categories Application Software Utility Software Device Drivers

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3 Question 032100 Software publishers offer a huge variety of

products for personal computer owners. From which of the following categories does the typical computer owner purchase add-on software?– A. System software and operating systems– B. Application software and utilities– C. Device drivers and application software– D. System software and antivirus software

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3 Software Categories

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Application Software Productivity software can

be defined as any type of application software that has the potential to help people do their work more efficiently

Groupware is designed to help several people collaborate on a single project using local networks or Internet connections

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3 Utility Software Utility software (a type of

system software) is designed to help you monitor and configure settings for your computer system equipment, the operating system, or application software

A desktop widget is a specialized utility program that appears on a computer’s screen-based desktop

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3 Device Drivers A device driver is software

that helps a peripheral device establish communication with a computer

Windows Device Manager

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3SECTION B

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Popular Applications Document Production Software Spreadsheet Software “Number Crunching” Software Database Software Graphics Software

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3SECTION B

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Popular Applications Music Software Video Editing and DVD Authoring Software Educational and Reference Software Entertainment Software Business Software

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3 Question 032200 Just about everyone has used iTunes

software to download music. iTunes software also allows you to list the songs you’ve downloaded, delete songs, find songs, and organize your music into play lists. These features of iTunes are similar to what type of software?– A. Word processing software– B. Spreadsheet software– C. Database software– D. Groupware

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Document Production Software

Assists you with composing, editing, designing, printing, and electronically publishing documents– Word processing– Desktop publishing– Web authoring

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3 Document Production Software

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Document Production Software

Document production software may include:– Spelling checker

• Spelling dictionary– Thesaurus– Grammar checker– Feature to analyze the reading level

• Readability formula– Search and Replace feature

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Document Production Software

The format for a document refers to the way that all elements are arranged on the page

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3 Document Production Software

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3 Document Production Software

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Document Production Software

Mail merge automatically creates personalized letters by combining the information in a mailing list with a form letter

Additional capabilities of word processing software include:– Automatically generating table of contents and index– Numbering and positioning footnotes– Providing document templates and document wizards– Exporting to HTML format

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Spreadsheet Software A spreadsheet uses rows

and columns of numbers to create a model or representation of a real solution

Spreadsheet software, such as Microsoft Excel, iWork Numbers, or OpenOffice Calc, provides tools for creating electronic spreadsheets

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Spreadsheet Software

When a cell contains a formula, it displays the result of the formula rather than the formula itself. To view and edit the formula, you use theFormula bar.

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Spreadsheet Software A formula tells the computer how to use the contents of cells

in calculations– Cell references

• Relative reference• Absolute reference

– Mathematical operators– Functions– Automatic recalculations

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Spreadsheet SoftwareAs shown in the examples, relative references within a formula can change when you changethe sequence of a worksheet’s rows and columns. An absolute reference is anchored so that it always refers to a specific cell.

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“Number Crunching” Software Provides a structured environment dedicated to a particular

number crunching task– Statistical software– Mathematical modeling software– Money management software

• Personal finance software– Tax preparation software

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Database Software A database is a collection of data

– Database software helps you enter, find, organize, update, and report information stored in a database

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Database Software

Database software provides tools for specifying fields for a series of records.

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Database Software A query language such as SQL (Structured Query

Language) provides a set of commands for locating and manipulating data– Natural language query– Query by example

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Graphics Software Designed to help you

create, manipulate, and print graphics– Paint software– Photo editing software– Drawing software– 3-D graphics software– CAD software– Presentation software

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Graphics Software

A computer-based presentation consists of a series of slides, created with presentation software.

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Music Software Allows you to make your own digital voice and music

recordings– Audio editing software– CD ripper software– Audio encoding software– Ear training software– Notation software– Computer-aided music software– MIDI sequencing software

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Video Editing and DVD Authoring Software

Provides a set of tools for– Transferring video footage

from a camcorder to a computer

– Clipping out unwanted footage

– Assembling video segments– Adding special visual effects– Adding a sound track

DVD authoring software creates DVDs with Hollywood-style menus

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Educational and Reference Software

Educational software– Helps you learn and practice new skills

Reference software– Provides a collection of information and a way to access

that information– Generally shipped on CD or DVD, or accessed on the

Web

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Entertainment Software Computer games are the most popular type of entertainment

software– Role-playing– Action– Adventure– Puzzle– Simulation– Sports– Strategy

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Business Software Vertical market software is designed to automate specialized

tasks in a specific market or business Horizontal market software is generic software that just

about any type of business can use– Payroll software– Accounting software– Project management software

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3SECTION C

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Buying Software Consumer Basics Software Copyrights and Licenses

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3 Question 032300 Suppose you purchase a new computer

and it comes with Microsoft Office installed. After using this software for 30 days, it displays a message indicating that to keep using it, you will have to pay. This software is an example of all of the following EXCEPT:– A. Proprietary software– B. Open source software– C. Commercial software– D. Demoware

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3 Consumer Basics Most operating systems

include a handful of small applications and a good variety of useful utility software

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Consumer Basics A software suite is a collection of application software sold

as a single package

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Consumer Basics Available in many types of stores Software contained on distribution media Make sure your computer meets the system requirements

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Software Copyrights and Licenses

A copyright is a form of legal protection that grants the author of an original “work” exclusive rights– Copyright notice

Software licenses, also called license agreements, define the ways in which you may use a computer program– Single-user– Site– Multiple-user– Concurrent– Shrink-wrap

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3 Software Copyrights and Licenses

EULA (End-User License Agreement)

Different types of software licenses– Public domain– Proprietary– Commercial software– Demoware– Shareware– Freeware– Open source– BSD– GPL

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3SECTION D

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Installing Software and Upgrades Installation Basics Installing Local Applications Installing Portable Software and Web Apps Software Updates Uninstalling Software

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3 Question 032400 Suppose that you’re looking for software to

convert a YouTube video into a format you can use with Windows Media Player or iMovie. You don’t want to bother downloading or installing any software on your computer. What should you look for?– A. A Web app– B. Open source software– C. A .zip file– D. A portable app

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Installation Basics Software installation is a process that places a program into

a computer so that it can be run or executed

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Installing Local Applications

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Installing Local Applications

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Installing Portable Software and Web Apps

Portable software is designed to run from removable storage, such as a CD or USB flash drive– Installation is simply a matter of getting program files to

the media on which they are supposed to run A Web application, or Web App, is software that is accessed

with a Web browser– May require client-side program to be installed

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3 Software Updates Software publishers regularly update their software

– Add new features– Fix bugs– Update security

Software patches replace part of the software you currently have installed

Service packs correct problems and address security vulnerabilities

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Software Updates Updates are usually available online for registered software Always install patches and service packs when they become

available Many software publishers require users to type in a

validation code to complete an update

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3 Uninstalling Software Uninstall routines delete the

software’s files from the various folders on your computer’s hard disk

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3SECTION E

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Security Software Security Software Basics Security Suites Antivirus Modules

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3 Question 032500 Let’s assume that you have antivirus

software installed on your computer and it is up to date. You can trust it to do a pretty good job of protecting your computer from viruses and:– A. Bots, worms, Trojans, keyloggers, and rootkits– B. RATs, spoofs, and defective Web apps– C. Operating system security holes– D. Fake e-commerce sites

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Security Software Basics Security software is designed to protect computers from

various forms of destructive software and unauthorized intrusions

The terms malicious software and malware refer to any computer program designed to surreptitiously enter a computer, gain unauthorized access to data, or disrupt normal processing operations

A blended threat describes malware that combines more than one type of malicious program

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Security Software Basics Computer virus Computer worm

– Mass-mailing worm Trojan horse

– Keylogger– Remote Access Trojan (RAT)

Bot– Zombie– Botnet

Spyware

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Security Software Basics What does malware do?

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Security Software Basics The term rootkit refers to software tools used to conceal

malware and backdoors that have been installed on a victim’s computer

A virus hoax usually arrives as an e-mail message containing dire warnings about a supposedly new virus on the loose

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Security Suites A security suite integrates several security modules to

protect against the most common types of malware, unauthorized access, and spam

A security suite costs less than purchasing standalone security modules

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Antivirus Modules Antivirus software is a type of utility software that looks for

and eradicates viruses, Trojan horses, worms, and bots– A virus signature is a section of program code, such as a

unique series of instructions, that can be used to identify a known malicious program, much as a fingerprint is used to identify an individual

– Virus signatures and other information that antivirus software uses to identify and eradicate malware is stored in one or more files usually referred to as virus definitions

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3 Antivirus Modules Most experts recommend

that you configure your antivirus software to periodically scan all the files on your computer

If, during the scanning process, your virus protection software identifies a virus, worm, Trojan horse, or bot in a file or attachment, it can try to remove the infection, put the file into quarantine, or simply delete the file

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3 What Do You Think? 033100 Do you believe that software piracy is a serious

issue?– A. Yes B. No C. Not sure

033200 Do you know of any instances of software piracy?– A. Yes B. No C. Not sure

033300 Do you think that most software pirates understand that they are doing something illegal?– A. Yes B. No C. Not sure

033400 Should software publishers try to adjust software pricing for local markets?– A. Yes B. No C. Not sure

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Chapter 3 Complete

Computer Software