chapter 3 graphical presentations
DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER 3 Graphical Presentations. Types of Variables. Qualitative - categories which can be named - Classification : Fr., So., Jr., Sr. - Occupation Quantitative - “meaningful” numerical values - SAT score - Height, Weight, Age. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 3 Graphical PresentationsGraphical Presentations
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Types of VariablesTypes of Variables
Qualitative - categories which can be named
- Classification : Fr., So., Jr., Sr.
- Occupation
Quantitative - “meaningful” numerical values
- SAT score
- Height, Weight, Age
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Quantitative Variables may Quantitative Variables may be be discretediscrete or or continuouscontinuous
Discrete - possible values for the variable can be listed
- number of brothers
- number of Heads out of 10 tosses of a coin
Continuous - different values can be arbitrarily close
- height
- weight
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Blood Group Data – “raw data”Blood Group Data – “raw data”
Patient # Blood Type 1 O 2 A 3 A 4 O 5 B 6 O 7 A 8 AB . . . . . .
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Pie Chart - Blood Group Pie Chart - Blood Group DataData
46%
40%
10%4%
O
A
B
AB
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Bar Chart - Blood Group DataBar Chart - Blood Group Data
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O A B AB
Blood Group
Pe
rce
nt
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APTITUDE TEST scores for 20 applicants :
Raw Data: 68, 72, 91, 47, 52, 75, 63
55, 65, 35, 84, 45, 58, 6169, 22, 46, 55, 66, 71
Ordered List:22, 35, 45, 46, 47, 52, 5555, 58, 61, 63, 65, 66, 6869, 71, 72, 75, 84, 91
Ways to Display Quantitative Ways to Display Quantitative DataData
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Dot Plot for Aptitude DataDot Plot for Aptitude Data
Score
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Stem-and-Leaf DiagramStem-and-Leaf Diagram
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HISTOGRAMHISTOGRAM
for quantitative data
“sort of like” bar chart
represents % by area
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Density ScaleDensity Scale-sets height of block so that
resulting area is % in that class interval% in that class interval
% in class intervaldensity scale ( % per unit) =
length of class interval
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SummarySummary HISTOGRAM -- for quantitative data -- represents % by area (use density
scale) -- total area in blocks is 100%
-- each histogram should have: - title - axes should be “numbered” and labeled
BAR CHART -- for qualitative data -- represents % by height
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(what’s wrong with this (what’s wrong with this histogram?)histogram?)
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40 55 70 80 9520