chapter 3 intensity transformations & spatial filtering...

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Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed. www.ImageProcessingPlace.com © 19922008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods Gonzalez & Woods Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing Image Processing Spatial Domain( ستقیما به طور م بیته دستکارین مکان میدا) Transform Domain( ک فضایتقال آن به ییر و ان تبدیل تصوزگشت از آنت در آن فضا و بام تغییرانجا دیگر و ا)

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Page 1: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Image Processing

• Image Processing

– Spatial Domain( میدان مکان–دستکاری بیتها به طور مستقیم )

– Transform Domain( تبدیل تصویر و انتقال آن به یک فضای (دیگر و انجام تغییرات در آن فضا و بازگشت از آن

Page 2: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

تبدیل یک نقطه بدون در نظر گرفتن همسایه ها و با در نظر گرفتن همسایه ها

Page 3: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Contrast Stretching, Thresholding

Page 4: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

تبدیالت شدت نور پایه

Page 5: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

1-Image Negatives

s = L-1- r

دامنه تغییرات یک پیکسل

[0 L-1]

مقدار جدید شدت پیکسل شدت پیکسل

Page 6: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

2-Log Transformations

s=c log(1+r)

گسترش سیاهی در دامنه وسیع تر

Page 7: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

مشابه لگاریتمبا انواع مختلف گاما نگاشت های

مختلفی می توان تولید کرد

Page 8: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

CRTتصحیح گاما در مانیتورهای

Page 9: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Page 10: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Page 11: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Piecewise-Linear Transformation Functions

Contrast stretching کشش تمایز

Page 12: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Piecewise-Linear Transformation Functions

Intensity Level Slicing (تکه برداری در سطح شدت نور)

Page 13: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

ادامه

Page 14: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Bit-Plane Slicing تکه برداری بیت صفحه ای

Page 15: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Bit-Plane Slicing

Page 16: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Page 17: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Histogram Processing

سطح خاکستری تصویر از هایی پیکسل تعداد

دارند را سطح این که

ℎ 𝑟𝑘 = 𝑛𝑘

Normalized Histogram

تصویر عرض و طول

Page 18: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Histogram Equalization=Histogram Linearization

بهتری دارد(کنتراست)تصویر با هیستوگرام یکنواخت تمایز

اعمال تبدیلs=T(r)

Page 19: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

(بافت نگار)گام های تعدیل هیستوگرام

محاسبه هیستوگرام

نرمال سازی

هیستوگرام

یافتن تبدیل زیر

𝑠𝑘 = 𝑇 𝑟𝑘

= 𝐿 − 1 𝑛𝑗

𝑀𝑁

𝑘

𝑗=0

Page 20: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

مثال-تعدیل هیستوگرام

Page 21: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

مثال-تعدیل هیستوگرام

Page 22: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

تعدیل هیستوگرام

Page 23: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

تعدیل هیستوگرام

Page 24: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Histogram Matching (Specification)

Page 25: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Histogram Matching (Specification)

تبدیل هیستوگرام تصویر ورودی به یک هیستوگرام دلخواه

𝑝(𝑟) → 𝑝(𝑧)

𝑠 = 𝑇 𝑟𝑠 = 𝐺(𝑧)

→ 𝑧 = 𝐺−1(𝑇(𝑟))

تصویر با هیستوگرام یکنواخت

Page 26: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

مثال -انطباق هیستوگرام

Page 27: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

مثال -انطباق هیستوگرام

Page 28: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

مثال -انطباق هیستوگرام

Page 29: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

مثال -انطباق هیستوگرام

Page 30: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

مثال -انطباق هیستوگرام

Page 31: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Local Histogram Processing

Page 32: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Local Histogram Processing

Page 33: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Fundamentals of Spatial Filtering اصول فیلترهای مکانی

خطیفیلترهای مکانی -ا غیرخطیمکانی فیلترهای -2

Page 34: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Spatial Filtering

𝑔 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑤 𝑠, 𝑡 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑠, 𝑦 + 𝑡)

𝑏

𝑡=−𝑏

𝑎

𝑠=−𝑎

Page 35: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Correlation

and

Convolution

Page 36: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Correlation and

Convolution

Page 37: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Correlation and Convolution Correlation of filter w with image m:

= 𝑤 𝑠, 𝑡 𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑠, 𝑦 + 𝑡

𝑏

𝑡=−𝑏

𝑎

𝑠=−𝑎

Convolution of filter w with image m:

= 𝑤 𝑠, 𝑡 𝑓 𝑥 − 𝑠, 𝑦 − 𝑡

𝑏

𝑡=−𝑏

𝑎

𝑠=−𝑎

مورد استفاده در این فصل

پایه تبدیالت فوریه

Page 38: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Smoothing Spatial Filters

Averaging Filters فیلترهای مکانی آرام کننده یا میانگین گیر

Page 39: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

خواص فیلتر میانگین گیر

حذف نویز•

تار نمودن تصویر و هموار نمودن لبه ها•

Page 40: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

اعمال فیلتر میانگین گیربا اندازه های مختلف

Page 41: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

فیلتر میانگین گیر

Page 42: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Order-statistic (Nonlinear) Smoothing Filters

Page 43: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Median Filter فیلتر میانه

عناصر داخل پنجره مرتب می شوند و عنصر میانی به عنوان مقدار • پیکسل در نظر گرفته می شود

غیرخطی• حذف نویز بدون تارشدگی • مقاوم در برابر نویز فلفل نمکی••Salt-and-pepper niose

Page 44: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Sharpening Spatial Filters مشتق بهترین راه برای نمایش تیزی است

𝜕𝑓

𝜕𝑥= 𝑓 𝑥 + 1 − 𝑓(𝑥)

𝜕2𝑓

𝜕𝑥2= 𝑓 𝑥 + 1 − 2𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑓(𝑥 − 1)

Page 45: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

The Second Derivative for Image Sharpening-

Laplacian

Page 46: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

𝑔 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 + 𝑐[𝛻2𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)]

الپالسین

تصویر اصلی

تصویر اصلی با لبه های تقویت شده

Page 47: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Highboost filtering فیلتر کردن تقویت باال

نوعی روش تیزکردن که تا مدتها در چاپگرها مورد استفاده بوده • .است

:مراحل• از تصویر اصلیتار ایجاد تصویر – تفریق تصویر تار شده از تصویر اصلی و تولید ماسک– اضافه نمودن ماسک به تصویر اصلی–

Page 48: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Highboost Filtering

Page 49: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Highboost Filtering

Page 50: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

First Order Derivatives for

Image Sharpening-The Gradient

Page 51: Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering ...fadaei.semnan.ac.ir/uploads/DIPCH3.pdf · Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering Image Processing • Image

Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

The Gradient (Sobel)

𝑔𝑦 𝑔𝑥

∇𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 𝑓 =𝑔𝑥𝑔𝑦

𝑀 𝑓 = 𝑚𝑎𝑔 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑥2 + 𝑔𝑦

2

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Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

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Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering

Combining Spatial

Enhancement Methods

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Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.

www.ImageProcessingPlace.com

© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods

Gonzalez & Woods

Chapter 3 Intensity Transformations & Spatial Filtering