chapter - 3. mis planning

7/31/2019 Chapter - 3. MIS Planning

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MIS IS PLANNING


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Existing System

Systems Maintenance: Incremental changes

Feasibility &

Planning

SystemsAnalysis

Systems

Design

SystemsImplementationProblems &

Improvements

New System

Proposal

Goals & plans

Business requirements

Technical Design

problemsrevisions problems revisions

Systems Development Life Cycle


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Feasibility Analysisn Technicaln Motivationaln Economicaln Operationaln

Schedule

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What is planning?n Planning is deciding what to do before

you do it.


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What is the mission of the TIMM IS?


To make services more efficient and more effective by

(1) automating, where possible, the collection of data.

(2) fully integrating all dated collected and used byMetropolitan Hospital.

(3) providing access to outside medical data.(4) making that data and information easily accessible in

real time in every setting in the hospital where it cancontribute to providing the highest quality care.


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How does the TIMM IS advance the

mission of the hospital?


The mission of the hospital is to provide state-of-

the-art medical care in a wide range of disciplines.The TIMM IS would improve those services and,by making them more efficient, also make themavailable to more people.


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What is the vision of the TIMM IS? (What does theteam see the hospital being able to do three and

five years from now with it that it cannot do now?)


The team didnt feel equipped to answer thisquestion fully yet, but there was a sense that thekey to the power of the TIMM IS wasinterconnectivity and that wireless networkingwould be a seminal feature of the system.


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Organizational planning

processn Evaluating what they have accomplished and

what they have acquired

nAnalyzing their environmentnAnticipating future developmentsn Deciding on what goals they want to achieven Deciding what actions to take to achieve their

goals


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Analyze theorganizationsenvironment

Forecast internaland externaldevelopments

Evaluateaccomplishments

and resources

Establishmission

goalsobjectives

DevelopStrategiesPoliciesTactics

Developimplementation

methods andcontrol

Articulate theorganizations plan

Feedback

Planning Process


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Management

Functions

Operations

Databases

Programs Programs Programs

Functions

Operations Operations

DatabasesDatabases Databases Databases

Programs

Programs

Programs

ProgramsProgramsPrograms

Top-down Bottom-upn Identify

Management

n Functions andn Operations

n Entire Organizationn Design Systems

n Datan Programs

n Standards!n

Integraten Write coden Build DBn Find a problem


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Steps of Information system

planningCorporate Mission

IS Mission

IS Vision

IS Strategic Plan

IS Tactical Plans

Operational Plans

Budget


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Mission Reason for being it is a statement of the

basic purpose or purposes for which the

organization exists. e.g. to supply the

energy to the consumer

Goals General statement of what is to be

accomplished. e.g.reduce time torespond to service request without

increasing number of service personnel

Strategies General approaches to achieving goals.e.g. becoming low cost producer in its

industry


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Objectives Statement of measurable results to beachieved. e.g. specific increases in earning

per share

Tactics More specific guides to actions that wouldimplement strategies. e.g. increasing

investment in automation

Policy General guidelines that direct & constraindecision making within a organization. e.g.

promoting from within

Rules &Procedures

More specific statements that direct decisionmaking. e.g. hiring employees, rules

protecting employees jobs


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Role of top management in ISplanning

n Recognize IT as an indispensible resourcen Understand that IT is a complex resourcen Regard IT as owned by the entire

organization

n Regard ISs as a source for gainingstrategic goals

nView ISs as a tool to control power

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MIS

PLANNING

STRATEGICPLANNING

TACTICALPLANNING

OPERATIONALPLANNING

EnterpriseAssessment

Analysis:

OrganizationMission,

Goals,Strategies

EnvironmentalAnalysis:Assess IS

Environment

DevelopStrategic

Information

SystemPlan

AssessOrganizations

Information

Requirements

AssembleMaster

Development

Plan

DevelopResourceAllocation

Plan

DevelopOperational

Plan


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STRATEGIC PLANNING

EnterpriseAssessment

Analysis:

Organization

Mission,

Goals,Strategies

- Review strategicorganization plan- Identify major

claimant groups andtheir objectives

- Identify strategicorganization initiatives

Environmental

Analysis:

Assess IS

Environment -

Strategic IS opportunities

Current business environmentNew technology

Current applications portfolioCurrent IS resourcesStage of IS maturity

DevelopStrategic

Information

SystemPlan :

IS Strategies, Mission, and Goals

Overall information architectureResource allocation mechanismMajor applications objectives


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TACTICAL PLANNING

AssessOrganizations

InformationRequirements

Current information needsProjected information

needs

AssembleMaster

Development

Plan -IS project definition

Project rankingMultiyear development schedule

Develop

Resource

Allocation

Plan -

Hardware planSoftware planPersonnel plan

TelecommunicationsNetwork planFacilities planFinancial plan


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MIS Planning Methodology

n Business System Planning (BSP)n Critical Success Factors (CSF)n Strategic Information Planningn Nolan stage model of growth


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BSP (IBM)

BusinessApplication

BusinessProcesses

Business Mission andObjectives

Operational

Database

Business

Data

Information SystemArchitecture

T

op-DownPlan

ning

Bottom

-UpImplemen

tation


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Information Architecture

n IA provides a blue print for ITinfrastructure in an organization.

n It integrates business strategy and ISstrategy

n What, When, Where, and How


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Information Architecture

n IA is develop to meet the followingrequirements:

- Support the information flows

- Facilitate communication between people

- Enable management to rethink business strategies


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Weaknesses of BSP Method

n BSP requires a firm commitment from the topmanagement and their substantial involvement

n It requires high degree of IT experience within theBSP planning team

n There is a problem of bridging the gap between topdown planning and bottom up implementation

n It does not incorporate a software designmethodology

n It is time consumable methods and effort required forits successful implementation

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CSF (John Rockert)

GatherIndividual

Management

CSF

Refine AggregateIndividual

Management

CSF

DevelopManagement

Agreement on

Company CSF

Define andDevelop Ways toMeasure

Company CSF

Define anInformation

Architecture

Define an ISApplication

Portfolio

Define ISDevelopment

Project Priorities


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Weaknesses of CSF method

n It does not define information architecturen CSFs partly reflect a particular executives

management stylesn There is more potential errors in the process

of extracting individual CSFs and combiningthem into a common set of critical factors fororganizational success

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Strategic Information Planning(Arthur Andersen & Co.s)

InformationTechnology

Opportunities

Data/ApplicationPlan

InformationTechnology

Strategy

ImplementationPlan

Present StatusAssessment

TechnologyPlan

Business andCompetitive

Assessment

ScopeDefinition/

Organization

OrganizationPlan

Preplanning Strategic Planning Tactical Planning


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n Analytical Process and Systems Approachn Defining problems.n Identifying causes.n Describing alternatives and opportunities.n Investigating solutions.n Presenting findings, conclusions, and

recommendations.

n Action Plann Making decisions.n Planning projects.n Implementing solution(s).

STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGYGeneral Approach


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PHASE II DATADIAGNOSIS

PHASE III STRATEGYFORMULATION

PHASE IV IMPLEMENTATIONPLANNING

OrganizationalInfrastructure

InternalCommunity

Analysis

HistoricalPerformance

Assessment

ManagementEnvironment

Situational

Analysis

OrganizationalNeeds

AvailableAlternatives

StrategicIssues

MarketingPlan

FundingPlan

StrategicDirection

TacticalPlan

ExternalEnvironment

ExternalEnvironment

Analysis

FutureVision

STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGYFour Distinct Phases

PHASE I DATACOLLECTION


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Management

Environment Organizations Technology Governance Policies and Procedures

Organizational Infrastructure

Support Infrastructure Applications

External Environment

State Government Federal Government External Projects

To Phase II

STRATEGIC PLANNING METHODOLOGYPhase I Data Collection


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Make a group of eachspecialization

n Identify all the processes ofFinance (for Finance)

Marketing (for Marketing)HRM (for HRM)

Information System (for ISM)


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Nolan Six Stage Model

Stage1Initiation

Stage2Contagion

Stage3Control

Stage4Integration

Stage5Data

Administration

Stage6Maturity

Transition Point


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Nolan Six Stage Model

Technology Shift

Growth Curves

Initial Technology DataProcessing

Next TechnologyData Resources

Initiation Contagion ControlInitiation Contagion Control


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chapter - 3. mis planning

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