chapter 3 section 2. religious freedom in england??? king is the leader of the church and the...
TRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 3 SECTION 2
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN ENGLAND???KING IS THE LEADER OF THE CHURCH AND THE COUNTRY
NOT EVERYONE LIKED KING HENRY VIII’S CHURCH
Still mostly Catholic ideas with Henry as the leader instead of the Pope
RELIGION IN ENGLANDCatholic Protestant
Roman Catholic Anglican Church of England
Puritans Separatists
Pope as head of church
King Henry VIII as head of church
Wanted to PURIFY the Church of England
Wanted to SEPARATE from the Church of England
Bloody Mary Elizabeth I made Church of England Protestant
Originally fled to Netherlands and then made a PILGRIMAGE to America
If you didn’t follow the faith of the King or Queen in power, you were persecuted – treated harshly – even killed.
THE MAYFLOWER“Saints and Strangers”
ONLY 35 OF 102 PASSENGERS
WERE PILGRIMSThe rest were
commoners hoping for a
better life.
PILGRIMSSong
JUUUUST MISSED….• NOVEMBER 1620-
LOOKING FOR VIRGINIA, BLOWN OFF COURSE TO MASSACHUSETS
• NO REAL TIME TO GET BACK ON TRACK (NOVEMBER) THEY DECIDE TO STAY
• NAMED COLONY PLYMOUTH
MAYFLOWER COMPACT
• DRAFTED TO UNITE “SAINTS AND STRANGERS”
• PLEDGED LOYALTY TO ENGLAND
• PROMISED TO OBEY LAWS ESTABLISHED FOR THE GOOD OF THE COLONY
• IMPORTANT STEP IN DEVELOPING GOVERNMENT IN THE AMERICAS
William Bradfordleader and historian of Plymouth
FIRST WINTER
PILGRIMS BARELY SURVIVENEARLY HALF DIE OF
MALNUTRITION AND DISEASE
SQUANTO AND SAMOSETWAMPANOAGS (WAHMP-UH-NOGS) • WERE
FRIENDLY WITH THE PILGRIMS
• TAUGHT THEM HOW TO FARM, HUNT, AND FISH
THE 1ST “THANKSGIVING”Thanksgiving Did You Know?
PURITANS IN ENGLAND
• WANTED TO PURIFY THE ANGLICAN CHURCH -
• KING CHARLES I IN POWER• TREATED PURITANS WORSE
THAN THE KING BEFORE
MASSACHUSETTS BAY COMPANY
• JOHN WINTHROP – GOVERNOR• CREATE A SOCIETY BASED ON THE
BIBLE• 900 MEN, WOMEN, AND
CHILDREN• SETTLED IN BOSTON – City on a Hill• Matthew 5:14, Jesus tells his
listeners, "You are the light of the world. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hidden."
• John Winthrop quoted Matthew while on board the Arabella.
GREAT MIGRATION – 1630s15,000 PURITANS CAME TO MASS. TO ESCAPE ENGLISH PERSECUTION
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM?
• LEFT ENGLAND SO THEY COULD PRACTICE THE WAY THEY WANTED TO
• DIDN’T TOLERATE OTHER BELIEFS
CONNECTICUT
• 1636 MINISTER THOMAS HOOKER LEFT MASSACHUSETTS WITH HIS CONGREGATION
• He didn’t agree with Winthrop and other Puritan leaders
• FOUNDED HARTFORD• BETTER FARMLAND IN CONNECTICUT
RHODE ISLAND• 1635 ROGER WILLIAMS GOT KICKED
OUT OF MASSACHUSETTS• THOUGHT PEOPLE SHOULD PRACTICE
WHATEVER RELIGIOUS BELIEFS THEY WANTED
• SHOULDN’T TAKE LAND FROM NATIVES
• GOT LAND FROM A LOCAL TRIBE• BECAME A “SAFE” PLACE FOR PEOPLE
LOOKING FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM
CONFLICT WITH NATIVES• ENGLISH SETTLERS DIDN’T RESPECT LAND
BOUNDARIES• NO PERMISSION/ PAYMENT• 1636- PEQUOT WAR• 1675- KING PHILLIP’S WAR
PEQUOT WAR
–2 traders killed on Pequot land
–Mass sent troops to punish natives
–Pequot retaliated and killed 9 people in Conn.–Troops burned main Pequot village, killing
100s
KING PHILLIP’S WAR
• VS WAMPANOAGS• METACOMET
(KING PHILLIP)• SETTLERS + NATIVE ALLIES COMBINE TO
DEFEAT THE WAMPANOAGS• TOOK ALL POWER AWAY FROM NATIVES IN
NEW ENGLAND
SALEM WITCH TRIALS
• 1692• YOUNG GIRLS CLAIMED TO BE POSSESSED BY
THE DEVIL• ACCUSED OTHERS OF WITCHCRAFT (150)• 19 HANGED FOR BEING WITCHES• Ergot?