chapter 3 short duration work · pdf filechapter 3 short duration work zones 3.1 introduction...

WSDOT Work Zone Traffic Control Guidelines for Maintenance Operations M 54-44.05 Page 3-1 December 2014

Chapter 3 Short Duration Work Zones

3.1 Introduction3.2 Guidance3.3 Key Elements of Short Duration Work Zones3.4 Short Duration Work Zone Condition3.5 ConsiderationandAssessmentofTrafficVolumesinWorkZones3.6 VeryShortDurationWorkZones3.7 Short Duration Work Zone Rules3.8 Short Duration Work Zones – Do’s and Don’ts3.9 ShortDurationandVeryShortDurationTCPs

3.1 IntroductionShort duration work zones are planned work activities that last up to 60 minutes. Duetotheshortworktime,simplifiedtrafficcontrolset-upsareallowedtoreduceworkertrafficexposure.Thetimeittakestosetupafullcomplementofsignsanddevicescouldapproachorexceedthetimerequiredtoperformthework.

Carefulconsiderationoftrafficandroadwayconditionsmustbegiventoeachworkzonepriortoselectingthetrafficcontrolset-up.Shoulderworkandlow-speed,low-volumetrafficconditionsmayrequireonlytheworkvehiclehazardbeaconandpersonalprotectiveequipment.High-speed,high-volumelaneworkmayrequireafulllaneclosureset-up,eventhoughtheworkdurationmaybe60minutesorless.Remember,shortdurationworkisnota“short-cut.”Instead,itisamethodthatreducesworkerexposuretotraffichazardsbyusinglarger,moredominantandmobileequipmentinsteadofmanysmallerdevices(conesmaystillberecommendedsincetheyarequicktosetupforsmallworkzones).

Examplesofshortdurationworkzoneoperationsincludeloadandunloadequipment,re-lamping,potholepatchingandotherminorrepairs,surveying,bridgeinspection,fieldrecon,pre-worklayout,etc.Emergenciesandincidentresponse are not short duration work zones.

3.2 GuidanceThefollowingguidanceappliesstandardsfromtheMUTCD to provide more specificdirectionforshortdurationworkzones.Italsoprovidesarationaletoassistwithselectionofappropriateshortdurationtrafficcontrolandsafetymeasures.Theincludedguidanceanddirection,rules,considerationchartandexampleTCPsshould lead to an informed choice. Remember, there is no single solution that fits all work zones. Youareencouragedtomodifythesetypicalplanstofityourspecificlocationandoperation.• ConsiderarollingslowdownoperationasshownonTCD 7 for those work operationsofaveryshortdurationinwhichtrafficcontrolmeasureswouldtake more time to installthantheactualwork.Typically,rollingslowdownsaredesirablefordifficultaccessworkzones,suchascenterlanesorclosingalllanesatonceonmulti-lanehighways.

http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/operations/traffic/mutcd.htm

2 WSDOT Work Zone Traffic Control Guidelines for Maintenance Operations M 54-44.05 December 2014

Short Duration Work Zones Chapter 3

• Considerstationaryworkzonemeasureswithafullcomplementofsignsanddevices.Someworkoperations,traditionallyclassifiedasshortduration,maybeconductedaslongertermstationaryworkbylinkingseveralworkareastogetherunderalaneorshoulderclosure.Advantagesoflinkingworkoperationsmayincludereducingexposureofworkerstotraffic,efficienciesincompletingtasksconcurrently,reducingthenumberoflaneclosuresinthesamearea,andoverallreductioninimpactstotraffic.

• Considermobileoperations.Othershortdurationoperationsmaybeconductedasmobileoperationsbyprogressingthroughseveralworkareasandmakingintermittentstops.Advantagesareshortenedworkoperationstoinstalltrafficcontroldevicesandimprovedworkersafetythroughuseofmobileequipment(TMAs,PCMSs,mobileworkvehicles,etc.).

• Consideralternativeworkoperations,materials,andequipment,suchas:– ***BEST PRACTICE*** Combiningcrewstoaccomplishworkusingmobileorstationaryworkzones,weekendornightclosures,andatotheridentifiedworklocationsoronoperationsthatmaybedifficultto accomplish with a small crew.

– Identifying“redzones”whereshortdurationworkzonesarenotdesirableduetopoortrafficconditions(highvolume,highspeed,weavingareas,bridges,interchanges,etc.).

– ***BEST PRACTICE*** Use ofaspecializedregionworkzonetrafficcontrolcrewtosupportregionalworkoperations.Thespecializedteamcanprovideahigherlevelofefficiencyandsafetyforacrewfocusedonlyonthe work itself. This can also reduce the overall time duration and worker exposuretotraffichazards.

– Forpurposesofprovidingaclearunderstandingofatrafficorroadwaycondition thatmaybeconsideredanemergency,thefollowingguidanceis provided.Anunanticipatedeventorconditionthatrequiresimmediateaction to removeasafetythreattothepublicconstitutesanemergency.Personnelareallowedtotakeaction,usinggoodjudgmenttominimizerisk to them.Trafficcontrolstandardsdonotstrictlyapplytoemergenciesbutshouldbeconsideredifpossible.

• Considerresourcesneededforquickresponsework(non-emergency):– Itisimportanttodifferentiatebetweenanactualemergencyandanemergentcondition.Anemergencyrequiresimmediateresponsetosavelivesorpreventseriousinjuryorremovedebrisusingwhateverresourcesareavailable,usuallyinresponsetoacrashorincident.Anemergentconditionrequiresanexpedientyetplannedresponsetoasituationthathasthepotentialtocauseacrash,ordamageneedingquickrepair.Most“callouts”ordamagereportsfallintotheemergentconditioncategoryandalthoughserioustovaryingdegrees,stillallowtimetoplanareasonableshort duration work zone response, even if additional resources are needed after evaluation.

WSDOT Work Zone Traffic Control Guidelines for Maintenance Operations M 54-44.05 -3 December 2014


– Theseoperationsmaybereferredtoas“callouts”oremergencies,requiringaquickresponsetoareportofdebris,urgentrepairs,orothersituationwheretheexactnatureoftheworkorlocationmaynotbecompletelyknown.

– Anon-siteassessmentmayallowworktoproceedwithavailableequipmentanddevices.Strategicplacementoftheworkvehiclewithwarningbeaconisimportant.Devicesandsignsmayalsobeneeded.Ifworkisexpectedtolastmorethan60minutes,additionalresourcesmaybeneededtoimplementatraditionalstationaryworkzone.Workmaybedelayeduntiltheproperworkzoneequipmentanddevicesareavailable.AssistancefromregionIncidentResponsemayalsobeappropriate.

3.3 Key Elements of Short Duration Work Zones• Work Location–Thiselementmaybethemostobviousbutisalsothemostimportant,atleastinitially,sinceitestablishestherelationshiptothenextthreeelements.Thelocationdirectlyinfluencestheassessmentofhazards,protectionandwarning.Uniquelocationswithnarrowshoulders,bridges,undefinedshoulders(noedgestripe),poorsightdistance,tightradiuscurves,etc.,requireextraconsideration.

• Hazards to Workers and to Traffic–Trafficvolumeandspeedaretheprimary hazard concerns for workers in short duration work zones, while unexpectedworkersorequipmentaretheprimaryhazardfordrivers.

• Protection–Positiveworkerprotectionisalwaysrecommendedwhenpracticalbutnotnecessarilyrequiredforlesshazardousworkzones.Theuseofaproperlyplacedworkvehiclecanoffervaluableprotectioninanycondition.

• Warning–Advancewarningtodriversisrequiredwhenworkingwithin15feetoftheedgeofthetraveledway.Assumingadequatesightdistance,theworkvehiclewarningbeaconcanprovidethiswarninginshortdurationzones.Sign(s)maybeneededforareaswithreducedsightdistance.

• Duration–Asmentionedinpreviousguidance,shortdurationworkzonescanoffersafetyandmobilitybenefits,butnotattheriskoftoomuchworkerexposuretohazards.

3.4 Short Duration Work Zone ConditionShortdurationworkzonesarecategorizedintothreerelativeconditiontypes.Thishelpsestablishapracticalapplicationleveloftrafficcontrolandsafetydevicesbasedonhazard,protectionandwarninglevelsrelatedtoworklocationand duration. The MUTCDallowsforsimplifiedtrafficcontrolproceduresforshortdurationwork,butdoesnotgointodetailonwhatthoseproceduresmightbe.WhenselectingaTCP,refertoWorkZoneConditionguidancelocatedattheupper,left-handportionoftheTCP.

Theconditionlevelsare:

A. Representsthelowestlevelofworkzoneimpactsandistypifiedby:• Lowtrafficspeedandvolume.• Minimumlevelsofwarning,protectionandhazards.Aworkvehiclewithwarningbeaconandpersonalprotectiveequipmentmaybeadequate.




B. Representsmoderateworkzoneimpactsandistypifiedby:• Loworhightrafficspeedwithlowtomoderatevolumes.• Moderatedlevelsofwarningandprotection,suchasaspotter,conesorPCMSaddedtocondition“A”deviceswouldbetypicalconsiderations.

C. Representsthehighestimpactlevelandistypifiedby:• Hightrafficspeedandvolume.• Allapplicabletrafficcontrolandsafetydevicesshouldbeconsidered,suchasPCMS,TMA,andsigns.

The short duration work zone condition level does not provide for a complete assessment,butisavaluabletoolforbalancingdurationwithotherworkzoneelements.Workersafetycannotbeignorednomatterhowshorttheworkduration.Acommonexampleofthisconditionisintheinteriorlaneofahigh-speed,multi-laneroad.Eventhoughtheworkdurationmaybeveryshort,mobileorstationarylaneclosuresmustbeused.

3.5 Consideration and Assessment of Traffic Volumes in Work Zones

Throughouttheguidanceinthismanual,variousreferencesaremadetotrafficvolume.Thesereferencesmaybefurtherdescribedaslowvolume,moderatevolumeandhighvolume.WithinthecontextofthisdocumentaswellastheMUTCD,trafficvolumeisintendedtobearelativeterm.Forexample,highvolumetrafficconditionsduringrushhourinSeattlearemuchdifferentthanhighvolumetrafficconditionsinColfax,yetbothcanstillbereferredtoashighvolume,givendelaysandbackups.

YourRegionTrafficOfficecanassistwithrecommendationsforworkhoursinthoseareaswherehighvolumetrafficconditionscouldcauseundesirablebackupsand delays.

Fieldcrewsmayneedtomakeonsitejudgmentsastotrafficvolumeconditions.Thisconsiderationisveryimportantwhenperformingshortdurationwork,sincefewerwarningandprotectivedevicesmaybeused.Keyinformationneededtomakeajudgmentoftrafficvolumesandhowworkzonesaffecttrafficincludesthefollowing.

3.5.1 Work Zone Type• Laneclosuresobviouslyhavethegreatestimpactontraffic,sinceclosedlanesrepresentasignificantreductioninroadwaycapacity.Workersafetyisalsoahighprioritysinceworkisbeingconductedinthenormaltrafficpath.

• Alternatingone-waytrafficcontrolwithflaggers(AFADsorPortableSignals)canalsocreatesignificantimpactsontrafficsincehalfoftheuseableroadwaymaybeclosed.

Giventheseconsiderationsforworkzonetype,thefollowingelementsallowforapracticalassessmentoftrafficvolumesalongthelinesofthethreeshortdurationconditions,“A”,“B”,and“C”,butcanalsobeusedforlongerdurationstationaryworkandcanapplytomobileworkoperations.



3.5.2 Traffic Conditions• Experienceandknowledgeofhistoricaltrafficconditionsandoperationonagivensectionofhighwaycanprovideasmuchvalueindeterminingatrafficvolumeconditionasactualtrafficvolumecounts.– ***BEST PRACTICE***SomeRegionshavedeveloped“workhourcharts”thatlisttheacceptableorpreferredworkhoursforaparticularrouteandMPlocation.Thisisparticularlyusefulinhighervolumeareaswheretimingoflaneclosuresiscritical.TheRegionTrafficOfficecanassistinthis area.

• Observationsofcurrenttrafficconditionscanbeusedtodeterminethevolumeconditionasfollows:– Condition “A” low volume.Workerawarenessoftrafficisalways

essential. At this level vehicles approach the work zone somewhat randomly andgenerallypresentaminimalconflictpotential.Typifiedby:• Significantgapsintrafficflow.• Fewvehiclesvisibleatanygiventime.• Random platoons of vehicles.• Freeflowtrafficatthepostedspeedlimit.• Near unrestricted access to the work area.• Laneclosureswithminimaldelayandbackups.• Safewalkingpaceconditionsacrossatwo-lanehighwayorintersection.• Roughestimateoftrafficvolumeatlessthanfivevehiclesperlane

per minute*.– Condition “B” moderate volume.Thefrequencyofvehiclesincreasesandmorecareandvigilanceisrequiredbyworkerstoensuresafeworkoperations.Typifiedby:•Gapsintrafficarepresent,butmaybemoreconsistent.•Vehiclesaregenerallypresentallthetime.• Trafficisconstantbutstillflowsfreely.•Generallyfreeflowtrafficspeedatthepostedlimit.• Laneclosureandflaggingoperationscausedelaysandbackupswithinacceptablelimits.

•Goodworkareaaccessbutvehiclesareusuallypresent.• Safewalkingpaceconditionsacrossatwo-lanehighwayorintersectionexist,butmayrequirewaitingforagapintraffic.Aspottermaybeusedtowarnworkersofoncomingtraffic.

• Roughestimateoftrafficvolumeat12vehiclesperlaneperminute*.



– Condition “C” high volume. Constant awareness and protective measures forworkersarerequiredtoensuresafeworkoperations.Vehiclesareconstantlypresentatthislevel.Trafficvolumesmayadverselyimpactworkoperationsandhigherlevelsofwarningandprotectionwillprobablybeneeded.Typifiedby:•Minimalgapsintraffic.• Constantly present vehicles.• Restrictedorunstabletrafficflow.• Reducedtrafficspeeds,asvolumestartstoapproachroadcapacity.•Unacceptablebackupsanddelays.Additionalsigningmaybeneedediftrafficbacksuppastwarningsigns.

• Safeworkareaaccessisgenerallyaccompaniedwithprotectivedevices(TMAs,buffervehicles,etc.)

•Asafewalkingconditionacrossatwo-lanehighwayorintersectionmaynotexist.

•Aroughestimateof20vehiclesperlaneperminute*.

Traffic conditions need to be monitored throughout the work operation to determine if adjustments are needed to address traffic impacts. A worst case scenarioofstoppingworkandreopeningtheroadwaytotrafficmaybeavoidedbyplanningforthetrafficconditionsinadvanceandselectingcompatiblehoursof work.

*Note:Thevaluesusedfortrafficvolumes(volumeperlaneperminute)arederivedfromdatathatfitsthegeneral descriptionofthegivencondition,“A”,“B”,or“C”.Theseareaveragevaluesthatcanbeusedasanindicatororacomparisontooltojudgetrafficconditions,andmaynotfitaspecific location or condition. TheRegionTrafficOfficecanassistwithspecificworkhoursorprovideaclosercorrelationoftheconditionvaluesforagivenlocation.

3.6 Very Short Duration Work ZonesTheoverallguidanceoftheshortdurationworkzonesectionofthisguidebookappliestoworkzonesthatmaylastupto60minutes.However,itisimportanttorecognizethatmanyworkoperationsmaytakeonlyafewsecondsorminutestoperform.Theseactionsmightbe:• Debrisretrieval,locatingdrainagestructuresorotherroadwayfeatures

or components.• Retrievaloflostcargo,workzonesign,ordeviceinstallationandremoval.• Crashdebrisretrieval,asurvey“shot,”monumentorotherreferencecheck.• Crossingorwalkingalongtheroadway,motoristassistance.• Quickrepairsintendedasapartialortemporaryresponsetodamageorfailure.

Inmanycasesitisnecessaryandallowableforworkerstowalkonaroadwayshoulder,crosstrafficlanes,ormomentarilystepintoalanetoaccessworklocationsortoperformwork.Theseactionscanonlybeaccomplishediftheyarenotinconflictwithtrafficorotherhazardsanditissafetodoso.Seetheapplicablerulesofthissectionforworkersafetyandprotection.



Veryshortdurationworkistypifiedbythefollowing:• Theprimaryintentisnottoconductanactualworkoperationintotal,butmorerelatedtogatheringinformation,accessingalocation,oranon-repetitiveactionasdescribedabove.

• Generally these actions occur at isolated locations or the locations are spaced farenoughapartthattheywouldconstituteseparateworkzones.

• Equipmentisusuallynotrequired,otherthanthepossibilityofsimplehand tools.

• Stop-gapmeasurestorespondtodamageorfailuresuntilapermanentrepaircanbemade.

Becauseoftheveryshortdurationandnatureoftheseactions,thereisapossibilitythatadequateworkzonemeasuresmaynotbefullyconsidered.Eventhoughtheseareveryshortdurationactions,thekeyworkzoneelementsmuststillbeconsidered.Highworkerexposurelocationssuchasinalivelaneandundesirabletrafficconditionswouldstilldictatethedecisionastotheappropriateworkzone.Itmaybeacceptabletoperformsomeveryshortdurationactionsunderworkzonecondition“A”and“B,”withtheminimumrequiredequipmentanddevices.Inmostcasesthiswouldbeastrategicallyplacedworkvehiclewithwarningbeaconandpersonalprotectiveequipment.Itisrecommendedtoapplymoreworkzonesafetymeasuresifthelevelofsafetycanberaisedwithoutaddingtoworkerexposuretime.Workinginteamsoftwo,whereoneworkercanactasaspotterfromasafelocation,maybeagoodexampleofanadditionalsafetymeasure.Theworkersabilitytomaintainawarenessoftrafficconditionsandpotentialhazards is a key concern.

Normally,specificTCPsarenotrequiredfortheseveryshortactionssincethetypicalexampleTCPsforveryshortdurationworkzonescancoverawide variety of applications.

It is required to provide advance warning to traffic approaching very short duration work zones on freeways and high speed multi-lane highways as shown on TCP 19A when working in a live lane with a spotter or using a very short duration lane closure.

3.7 Short Duration Work Zone Rules1. Live traffic areas (lanes and intersections) in high speed and high volume

work locations may not be good candidates for short duration work zones. Workzonecondition“C”wouldapplytomostofthesetypesoflocationsandmaybeacceptablebasedonapositivesiteassessmentandworkingonlyontheshoulderoradjacentlaneasfollows:• No unprotected work in interior lanes of multi-lane roads and no

“island” work areas are allowed.• Lanes of multi-lane roads may only be accessed from the adjacent

shoulder(seeTCP19).



• Intersections may be accessed following the same manner and consideration should be given to incorporating the existing intersection control into the work zone traffic control . . . all red signal control or all way stop control may supplement the selected traffic control measures (seeTCPs27 and 28).

2. Short duration flagging operations are not allowed.Allflaggingrequirementsmustbecompliedwithandtherecurrentlyisnoexceptionforshortdurationwork.Emergenciesaretheonlyexceptiontofullflaggingrequirements.FlaggingisdefinedbytheMUTCDasstopping,directingoralertingroadusers.

3. A determination of a safe work location must be made.Abasicdeterminationcanbemadebyobservingtrafficconditions(speed,volume,location,visibility,etc.)andassessingthefollowingconditions:• Istheworklocationoutofthetrafficpath?• Istheresufficienttimeforaworkertosafelywalk(notrun)toandreturnfromtheworklocation?

• Arethereotherhazardsatthelocationthatcouldaffectworkersafety?• Isthereaneffectivecontingencyorescapeplan?• Isthereadequatesightdistancefromtheworklocationtoapproachingtraffic(seeTCD 14)?

3.8 Short Duration Don’ts and DosDon’t – • Take“shortcuts”orhurrytoaccomplishwork.Determinationofallworkzone

hazards is a must.• Runacrossor“dodge”trafficinlivelanes.• Workinalivelaneunderadversetrafficconditionsorwithoutpropertraffic

control in place . . . even if it is only for a few minutes or a few seconds.• Assumethatshoulderareasareautomaticallysafe.Distracted,aggressiveor

impaired drivers may encroach. Also, oversize loads may present a hazard.• Turnyourbacktooncomingtrafficifpossible.• Putyourselfinanunexpectedlocationthatmaysurpriseadriver.

Do – • Usetheworkvehicleasprotectionandwarningwheneverpossible.• Takeadvantageofanyresourcesprovidingprotectionandwarningwithoutcausingadditionalexposure.(TMAs,buffer/shadowvehicles,PCMSs,etc.)

• Planahead.Poorplanningisnotavalidexcuseforlackofequipment,devicesorawarenessoftrafficconditions.

• Findthesafestavailablelocationtoparkorunloadequipment.• Avoidhightrafficvolumehoursandlocations.Planaheadforbettertrafficconditionsorconsideralternateworkoperations.

• Workonthesamesideoftheroadastheworkvehicleandwarningbeaconwheneverpossible.




3.9 Short Duration and Very Short Duration TCPsThefollowingtypicalTCPsareagenericpictorialrepresentationofcommonroadway locations where various work operations are conducted. Depicted on theTCPsareworkzonesafetyandtrafficcontrolapplicationsforusewiththeintendedworkoperations.TypicalTCPsarenotdrawntoscale,butshowdevices,equipmentanddatathatareintendedtobeappliedinthecorrectcombinationalongwithproperjudgmenttobesafeandcomplywithapprovedstandards.

TCP 14 Typical Short Duration Lane Closure (Two-Lane, Two-Way Highway Application)(Thisplandepictstypicalworkzonescenariosthatmayoccurwithinalaneofatwo-lanehighwaysuchasasmallpavementrepairareawhereitisnecessaryforworkersand/orequipmenttooccupyalanefortheentiretimeittakestomaketherepair(upto60minutes).Thiscouldalsoincludenarrowshoulderworkwhereworkersandequipmentmustoccupythelanetoallowworkaccesstotheshoulder.)

TCP 15 Typical Short Duration Lane Closure (Multi-Lane Freeway and Highway Application)(Thisplandepictstypicalworkzonescenariosthatmayoccurintheleftorrightlaneofamulti-lanehighway.Center-laneorislandtypeworkzoneswithlivetrafficonbothsidesoftheworkzonearenotallowedwiththisoperation;considerarollingslowdown,stationarylaneclosureormobilelaneclosureiftheseworkareasarenecessary.As with TCP14,asmallpavementrepairmaybeatypicalworkoperation that occupies the lane for the entire time it takes to make the repair(upto60minutes).Thiscouldalsoincludenarrowshoulderworkwhereworkersandequipmentmustoccupythelanetoallowaccesstotheshoulder.)

TCP 16 Typical Short Duration Shoulder Work (Multi-Lane Application)(Thisplandepictstypicalworkzonescenariosthatmayoccurontheleftorrightshoulderofamulti-lanehighwaybutdoesnotencroachintothelane.Theworkoperationcouldberelatedtotheroadwayshoulderorroadwayfeaturessuchaselectricalsystemsorsignsanddrainage.Encroachmentintotheadjacentlivelaneortheverticalclearanceabovethe live lane is not allowed with this plan. Consider the use of stationary shoulderorlaneclosureplansifencroachmentisnecessary.)

TCP 17 Typical Short Duration Work Operation (Intersection Application)(Thisplandepictstypicalworkzonescenariosthatmayoccuratvarious“inlane”locationsofacommonintersectionwithturnpocketsandtrafficisland.Workoperationscouldberelatedtopavementmarkings,trafficsignalsorotherrepairormaintenanceactivities.Intersectionsthathavetrafficsignalsandapossibleneedforflaggersshouldbeconsideredwhenplanningtheworkandcouldrequireastationaryplan.)



TCP 18 Typical Very Short Duration Work Operation (Outside Traveled Way) (Two-Lane or Multi-Lane Highways)(Thisplandepictstypicalworkzonescenariosthatmayoccuratvariouslocationsoutsideoflivelanesandotherlivetrafficareassuchasmergeareasandramplanes.These“non-traffic”areasoutsideofthetraveledwayareverycommonlocationstoparkaworkvehicletogainaccesstoa location for very short duration work such as inspection, survey shot, fieldrecon,etc.Underconditions“A”or“B”itisacceptabletowalkacrosslane(s)ascanbedonesafelytoaccessaspecificlocation.Itispreferabletoparktheworkvehicleonthesamesideoftheroadway.)

TCP 19 Typical Very Short Duration Work Operation (Multi-Lane Application, Low Speed, 40 mph or Lower)(Thisplandepictstypicalworkzonescenariosthatmayoccuratvariouslaneandshoulderlocationsalongalowspeedmultilanehighwayfor work operations such as; minor pothole repair or other very short durationworkthatdoesnotactuallycloseorblockthelane.Asvehiclesapproachitisincumbentupontheworkertomovebacktotheadjacentshoulder. More than two or three attempts to complete the work may indicatetheneedforashortdurationorstationaryworkzoneTCP.)

TCP 19a Typical Very Short Duration In-lane Work (Multi-Lane Freeway and Highway Application, High Speed, 45 mph or Higher)(Thisplandepictstwotypicalveryshortdurationworkzonescenariosthatmayoccurinlivehighspeedtrafficlanes.Workoperationsmayincludeminorpotholeordebrisremovalthatmaybeaccomplishedwithoutpresentinganunacceptablehazardtotheworkerortraffic.Byallowingapproachingtraffictopassthroughtheworklocationusingthespottermethodtoalerttheworkertomovebacktotheshoulderastrafficapproaches.Workthatcannotallowtraffictopassthroughthework location will need to use the lane closed method or consider a shortdurationorstationarylaneclosure.)

TCP 20 Typical Very Short Duration Lane Closure (Two-Lane Highway)(Thisplandepictstwotypicalveryshortdurationworkzonescenariosthatmayoccurinlivetrafficlanesoneitheraloworhighspeedroadway.Workoperationssuchasaminorpotholeordebrisremovalthatmaybeaccomplishedwithoutpresentinganunacceptablehazardtotheworkerortraffic.Byallowingapproachingtraffictopassthroughtheworklocationusingthespottermethodtoalerttheworkertomovebacktotheshoulderastrafficapproaches.Workthatcannotallowtraffictopassthroughtheworklocationwillneedtousethelaneclosedmethodorconsiderashortdurationorstationarylaneclosure.)

TCP 21 Typical Very Short Duration Work Operation (Intersection Application)(Thisplandepictstypicalworkzonescenariosthatmayoccurinintersectionssuchas;veryshortfieldrecontoverifyfielddata,takeasurveyshot,inspectfordamage,observation,etc.SeeTCP17 for short durationapplications.)



TCP 14 – Typical Short Duration Lane Closure (Two-Lane, Two-Way Highway Application)



TCP 15 – Typical Short Duration Lane Closure (Multi-Lane Freeway and Highway Application)



TCP 16 – Typical Short Duration Shoulder Work (Multi-Lane Application)



TCP 17 – Typical Short Duration Work Operation (Intersection Application)



TCP 18 – Typical Very Short Duration Work Operation (Outside Traveled Way) (Two-Lane or Multi-Lane Highways



TCP 19 – Typical Very Short Duration Work Operation (Multi-Lane Application, Low Speed, 40 mph or Lower)



TCP 19a – Typical Very Short Duration In-lane Work (Multi-Lane Freeway and Highway Application, High Speed, 45 mph or Higher)



TCP 20 – Typical Very Short Duration Lane Closure (Two-Lane Highway)



TCP 21 – Typical Very Short Duration Work Operation (Intersection Application)

chapter 3 short duration work · pdf filechapter 3 short duration work zones 3.1 introduction...

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