chapter 30 powerpoint
DESCRIPTION
AP PhysicsTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 30
The Nature of
the Atom
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30.1 Rutherford Scattering and the Nuclear Atom
In its natural state, an atom is electrically neutral.
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30.1 Rutherford Scattering and the Nuclear Atom
A Rutherford scattering experiment.
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30.2 Line Spectra
The individual wavelengths emitted by two gases and thecontinuous spectrum of the sun.
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30.2 Line Spectra
The Line Spectrum of Hydrogen
Lyman series
Balmer series
Paschen series
,4,3,2 1
1
1122
n
nR
,5,4,3 1
2
1122
n
nR
,6,5,4 1
3
1122
n
nR
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30.3 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
In the Bohr model, a photon is emitted when the electron dropsfrom a larger, higher-energy orbit to a smaller, lower energyorbit.
hfEE fi
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30.3 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
THE ENERGIES AND RADII OF THE BOHR ORBITS
r
kZe
r
kZemv
E
2
EPEKE
2
22
21
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30.3 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
,3,2,1 2
nh
nrmvL nnn
,3,2,1 4
2
22
2
n
Z
n
mke
hrn
,3,2,1 m1029.52
11 nZ
nrn
Radii for Bohr orbits
Angular momentum is quantized.
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30.3 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
,3,2,1 2
2
2
2
422
n
n
Z
h
emkEn
,3,2,1 J1018.22
218 n
n
ZEn
,3,2,1 eV 6.132
2
nn
ZEn
Bohr energy levels
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30.3 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
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30.3 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
Example 3 The Ionization Energy of Li2+
Li2+ is a lithium atom (Z=3) with only one electron. Obtain the ionizationenergy of Li2+.
eV 1221
3eV 6.13eV 6.13
2
2
2
2
n
ZEn
eV 122energy Ionization
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30.3 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
THE LINE SPECTRA OF THE HYDROGEN ATOM
fifi
if
nnnn
nnch
emk
,3,2,1,
11
Z 21
222
3
422
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30.4 De Broglie’s Explanation of Bohr’s Assumption About Angular Momentum
De Broglie suggested standing particle waves as an explanationfor Bohr’s angular momentum assumption.
,3,2,1 2 nnr