chapter 3.3 how introduced species affect ecosystems
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Chapter 3.3 How Introduced Species Affect Ecosystems. Road map for today. Go over and mark WB pages 46-49 Warm up game Native vs. non-native species Invasive species and their impacts (4) W orkbook pages 52-55. What’s happening here?. Warm-up game: Name That (Invasive) Species. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 3.3How Introduced Species Affect
Ecosystems
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Road map for today Go over and mark WB pages 46-49Warm up gameNative vs. non-native
species Invasive species and
their impacts (4) Workbook pages
52-55
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What’s happening here?
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Warm-up game:Name That (Invasive) Species
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Warm-up game:Name That (Invasive) Species
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Warm-up game:Name That (Invasive) Species
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“A public health hazard, hogweed's clear, watery sap has toxins that cause photo-dermatitis. Skin contact followed by exposure to sunlight produces painful, burning blisters that may develop into purplish or blackened scars.”-Noxious weeds, King County, Washingtonhttp://www.kingcounty.gov/environment/animalsAndPlants/noxious-weeds/weed-identification/giant-hogweed.aspx
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Warm-up game:Name That (Invasive) Species
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Warm-up game: Name That (Invasive) Species
Videohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFchSGI0jB4
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Native species vs. non-native species
• Native species are plants and animals that naturally inhabit an area
• Introduced species new species of plants and animals introduced accidentally or on purpose– A.K.A. foreign species, non-native species, exotic
species, or alien species– Many of these species are harmless, or sometimes
even beneficial– Occurred due to immigration over past 400 years
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Invasive species
• Organisms that can take over the habitat of native species or invade their bodies, thus weakening immune system.
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Invasive Species
• Often have high reproductive rates, are aggressive competitors, and lack natural predators in new habitats
• Have potential to dramatically change ecosystems through– Competition– Predation– Disease and parasitism– Habitat alteration
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Impacts of invasive species• Competition: invasive species compete against
native species for essential resources such as food and habitat
• Predation: invasive species can have more impact on a prey population than native predators, as prey may not have adaptations to escape or fight them off
American Bullfrog
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Impacts of invasive species
• Disease and Parasitism: can weaken the immune response of an ecosystem’s native plants and animals, influencing humans
• Allows opportunity for less dominant species to outcompete other species
European Starlingoutcompetes western bluebirds for nesting habitat
Norway RatEats ground-nestingsea birds’ eggs
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Impact of Invasive Species
• Habitat alteration: make a natural habitat unsuitable for native species by changing its structure or composition
• E.g., scotch broom acidifies soil
• Change light level• Decrease dissolved O2
• Change soil chemistry• Increase soil erosion
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West Nile Virus• Introduced to U.S. in 1999, started causing
deaths in birds and illness in humans in NY• Carried by mosquitoHow is this related to invasive species?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EVk5rfIA4kU
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Pick two
• Silent Invaders• http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=9JQ6oHjpeqU • Spit• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqoT8tcZq6k• Death Scent• http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8LkRChkUIRM
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Habitat alteration• Eurasian Milfoil first ID’d in
Okanagan Lake in 1970.• Forms wide, dense mats at
lake surfaces• Cuts off sunlight• Interferes with
boaters/swimmers• Can grow from fragments spreads!!!
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Saving an Ecosystem Under Siege• Often requires human intervention
to save established ecosystems• Garry Oak Ecosystem Recovery
Team (GOERT) is trying to save several areas because Garry Oak trees:– Are a Keystone Species– May be better suited for future than
Douglas fir forests• Scotch broom, and English ivy are
biggest threats
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Garry Oak Forests
• 95% of the original ecosystem has been lost to urban development
• The remaining 5% is threatened by invasive species.
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Cleaning up the fragments of the chapter
Native speciesNon-native speciesInvasive speciesImpacts of invasive species (4) Workbook pages 52- 55 Next class…Ch3 review!Coming up… Ch 3 Celebration
of Learning!