chapter 4 air-conditioning components. standard and optional equipment
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 4Air-Conditioning Components
![Page 2: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Standard and Optional Equipment
![Page 3: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Compressors
• Usually belt driven from the engine• Usually have an electromagnetic clutch to turn
on/off• Two refrigerant lines
– suction (larger) draws low pressure, low temp vapor from evaporator
– discharge (smaller) lets out high pressure, high temp vapor to the condenser
![Page 4: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Compressor main functions
• Raise the pressure of the refrigerant– When compressed the refrigerant temperature
rises (no heat is added by the compressor)– Important for proper heat transfer
• Create low pressure in the evaporator– Allows refrigerant to vaporize (boil) absorbing
large amounts of heat
• Circulate refrigerant and oil
![Page 5: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Heat of Compression
![Page 6: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Two Piston Compressor(Requires 14 hp to run)
York
![Page 7: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Intake stroke draws vapor past the intake reed valve
![Page 8: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Compression stroke forces intake closed and pushes out compressed vapor through exhaust
![Page 9: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Swash Plate Compressor(Requires 7hp to run)
Sanden
![Page 10: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
As the swash plate is rotated, pistons move in and out
![Page 11: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Compressor Maintenance
• Oil level needs to be checked when the system is discharged
• Compressor seal replacement• Replace valve plates or gaskets (low psi)• Replace electromagnetic clutch• Belt tension
![Page 12: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Rotary Vane Compressor
Ford used this compressor at one time.
![Page 13: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Centrifugal Force throws vanes outward sealing them against the wall
![Page 14: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Variable Displacement Compressor
Compressor runs continually, no clutch cycling. A control valve senses evaporatorload and automatically changes the displacement to meet the system needs.
![Page 15: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Maximum displacement, wobble plate maximum angle (compressor runs continuously)
![Page 16: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Minimum displacement, wobble plate minimum angle (compressor runs continuously)
![Page 17: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Control valve for Variable Displacement
The angle of the swash plate is controlled by the bellows activated control valve, locatedin the rear of the head, that senses the suction pressure.
![Page 18: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Scotch Yoke (R4) opposed pistons
Used in GM, notorious for shaft seal failures, and being very noisy.
![Page 19: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
(Scotch Yoke) Pistons pump by following the contour
Suction valve in the piston.
![Page 20: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Scroll Compressor(requires very little hp found only on small cars)
Not very common yet, very efficient.
![Page 21: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Inner scroll draws and compresses during rotation
![Page 22: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Operation of the Scroll
![Page 23: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Oil Loss
• External leak– Refrigerant caries out oil
• System recovered in a recovery machine– Measure and reinstall
• Component replacement– Oil can be trapped in the old component
• Hybrid uses dielectric oil
![Page 24: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Check oil in a new compressor
![Page 25: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Condenser
![Page 26: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Key points
• Heat moves to less warm• Heat transfer quickly with large differences• Fins increase surface area to dissipate heat• Cooling effect causes refrigerant to change
states from high psi vapor to high psi subcooled liquid
• Must keep clean and fins straight for proper air flow
![Page 27: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Fin Comb
![Page 28: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Receiver-Drier• Liquid refrigerant from the condenser enters
– Filters– Removes moisture– Stores excess
• Pickup tube ensures that only liquid exits (properly charged system)
• Desiccant is hygroscopic (absorbs moisture)– Different for R-12 and 134a
• Moisture reacts with refrigerant to form hydrochloric acid.
![Page 29: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Receiver-Drier Components
![Page 30: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Drier Location and Mounting
• Located in a cool dry place– Desiccant can absorb more moisture when it is
less warm
• Mounted vertically– Pickup tube in the bottom to only take liquid
• Mounted horizontally – JD uses a side pick-up tube– Make sure “top”
![Page 31: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Sight Glass R-12A-normal, B-bubbles, C-oil streaking
Bubbles usually indicate a loss of refrigerant, streaking usually indicates no refrigerant.
![Page 32: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Moisture Indicator
![Page 33: Chapter 4 Air-Conditioning Components. Standard and Optional Equipment](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081802/551b2be9550346dd1a8b4b67/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Warning with Weights