Chapter 4Chapter 4

People and PlacesPeople and Places

Defining CultureDefining Culture

Culture- knowledge, attitudes, and Culture- knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on behaviors shared by and passed on by the members of a specific group.by the members of a specific group.

Society- a group that shares a Society- a group that shares a geographic region, a sense of geographic region, a sense of identity and a culture.identity and a culture.

Ethnic group- group that shares a Ethnic group- group that shares a language, customs and a common language, customs and a common heritage.heritage.

Culture Change and Culture Change and ExchangeExchange

InnovationInnovation- taking existing - taking existing technology and resources and technology and resources and creating something new to meet a creating something new to meet a need. Ex. Storage of goods (baskets need. Ex. Storage of goods (baskets and pots).and pots).

DiffusionDiffusion- the spreading of ideas, - the spreading of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior to inventions, or patterns of behavior to different societies.different societies.

Cultural hearth- a site of innovation from Cultural hearth- a site of innovation from which basic ideas, materials and which basic ideas, materials and technology diffuse to many cultures. (Ex. technology diffuse to many cultures. (Ex. societies by rivers or those centrally societies by rivers or those centrally located).located).

Acculturation- the cultural change that Acculturation- the cultural change that occurs when individuals in a society occurs when individuals in a society accept or adopt an innovation.accept or adopt an innovation.

Language & ReligionLanguage & Religion

DialectDialect- a version of a language that - a version of a language that reflects changes in speech patterns due reflects changes in speech patterns due to class, region, or cultural languages.to class, region, or cultural languages.

Religion- the belief in a supernatural Religion- the belief in a supernatural power or powers that are regarded as power or powers that are regarded as the creators and maintainers of the the creators and maintainers of the universe, as well as the system of universe, as well as the system of beliefs itself. beliefs itself.

Factors of CultureFactors of Culture

o Food & ShelterFood & Shelter EducationEducationo ReligionReligion Security/ProtectionSecurity/Protectiono RelationshipsRelationships Politics/SocietyPolitics/Societyo LanguageLanguage Creative Creative

ExpressionExpression

DiffusionDiffusion

For the most part no group of people For the most part no group of people can avoid some kind of contact with can avoid some kind of contact with other societies.other societies.

Television and the Internet, as well Television and the Internet, as well as other inventions have changed as other inventions have changed our world drastically.our world drastically.

Inventions that have changed Inventions that have changed our world and people:our world and people:

ShipsShips CarsCars PlanesPlanes TelephoneTelephone TelevisionTelevision InternetInternet RadiosRadios TrainsTrains WeaponsWeapons ClothesClothes HousesHouses

Ex. of AcculturationEx. of Acculturation

Clothes/DressClothes/Dress Recreation/Recreation/SportsSports

Slang/LanguageSlang/Language ArtArt MusicMusic EntertainmentEntertainment JobsJobs EducationEducation

LanguageLanguage

Geographers believe that there are Geographers believe that there are between 3,000 and 6,500 different between 3,000 and 6,500 different languages spoken across the globe.languages spoken across the globe.

Language, establishes a cultural identity, Language, establishes a cultural identity, builds unity within that group and it allows builds unity within that group and it allows the people within a culture to the people within a culture to communicate with each other.communicate with each other.

Language DiffusionLanguage Diffusion

Swahili- (Arabic and Bantu-speaking Swahili- (Arabic and Bantu-speaking tribes through trade routes).tribes through trade routes).

Louisiana Creole- (French, African Louisiana Creole- (French, African and North American peoples of and North American peoples of Louisiana).Louisiana).

Types of ReligionTypes of Religion

MonotheisticMonotheistic- belief in one god.- belief in one god.

PolytheisticPolytheistic- belief in many gods.- belief in many gods.

AnimisticAnimistic- belief and divine forces of - belief and divine forces of nature.nature.

Major Religions of the WorldMajor Religions of the World

JudaismJudaism ChristianityChristianity IslamIslam HinduismHinduism BuddhismBuddhism

Ex. Of Creative Ex. Of Creative Cultural ExpressionsCultural Expressions

Performing Arts (Music, dance, Performing Arts (Music, dance, theater, and film).theater, and film).

Visual Arts (Architecture, painting, Visual Arts (Architecture, painting, sculpture, and textiles).sculpture, and textiles).

Literature (Poems, folk tales, and Literature (Poems, folk tales, and stories).stories).