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Chapter 4SNMPv1:
Organization and Information Models
Chapter 4
Managed LAN
172.16.46.1
Backbone Network
Hub 1172.16.46.2
Hub 2172.16.46.3
Router 1
172.17.252.1
Router 2
NMS192.168.252.110
Figure 4.1 A Managed LAN Network
Chapter 4
Managed Hub: System Information
Title: System Inform ation: 172.16.46.2Nam e or IP Address: 172.16.46.2
System Nam e :System Description : 3Com LinkBuilder FMS, SW
version:3.02System Contact :System Location :System Object ID :.iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprises.43.1.8.5System Up Tim e : (2475380437) 286 days, 12:03:24.37
Figure 4.2(a) System Inform ation on 172.16.46.2 Hub
Chapter 4
Managed Router: System Information
Chapter 4
Title: System Information: router1.gatech.eduName or IP Address: 172.16.252.1
System Name : router1.gatech.eduSystem Description : Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
: IOS (tm) 7000 Software (C7000-JS-M), Version : 11.2(6),RELEASE SOFTWARE (ge1): Copyright (c) 1986-1997 by Cisco Systems, Inc.: Compiled Tue 06-May-97 19:11 by kuong
System ContactSystem Location :System Object ID : iso.org.dod.internet.private.enterprises.cisco.ciscoProducts.
cisco 7000System Up Time : (315131795) 36 days, 11:21:57.95
Figure 4.2(c) System Information on Router
Managed Hub: Port Addresses
In d e x In te rfa c e IP a d d re s s N e tw o rk M a s k N e tw o rkA d d re s s
L in k A d d re s s
1 3 C o m 1 7 2 .1 6 .4 6 .2 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 7 2 .1 6 4 6 .0 0 x 0 8 0 0 4 E 0 7 C 2 5 C2 3 C o m 1 9 2 .1 6 8 .1 0 1 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 9 2 .1 6 8 .1 0 1 .0 < n o n e >
Chapter 4
Managed Router: Port Addresses
I n d e x I n t e r f a c e I P a d d r e s s N e t w o r k M a s k N e t w o r kA d d r e s s
L in k A d d r e s s
2 3 L E C . 1 . 0 1 9 2 . 1 6 8 . 3 . 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 9 2 . 1 6 8 . 3 . 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 B 42 5 L E C . 3 . 9 1 9 2 . 1 6 8 . 2 5 2 . 1
52 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 9 2 . 1 6 8 . 2 5 2 .
00 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 B 4
1 3 E t h e r n e t 2 / 0 1 7 2 . 1 6 . . 4 6 . 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 7 2 . 1 6 . . 4 6 . 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A C1 6 E t h e r n e t 2 / 3 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 4 9 . 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 4 9 . 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A F1 7 E t h e r n e t 2 / 4 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 2 . 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 2 . 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 B 09 E t h e r n e t 1 / 2 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 5 . 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 5 . 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A 62 E t h e r n e t 0 / 1 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 6 . 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 6 . 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 9 D1 5 E t h e r n e t 2 / 2 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 7 . 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 7 . 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A E8 E t h e r n e t 1 / 1 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 8 . 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 5 8 . 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A 51 4 E t h e r n e t 2 / 1 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 6 0 . 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 1 7 2 . 1 6 . 6 0 . 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A D
Chapter 4
Internet SNMP Management
• 1970 Advanced Research Project Agency Network (ARPANET)Internet control Message Protocol (ICMP)
• Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)• 1990 SNMPv1• 1995 SNMPv2• 1998 SNMPv3
• Internet documents:• Request for Comments (RFC)• IETF STD Internet Standard• FYI For your information
• Source for RFCs
• http://www.nic.mil/dodnic/RFC/•http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc.html
Chapter 4
SNMPv1 & SNMPv2Documents
RFC 1067
SNMPManagementDocuments
RFC 1065SMI
RFC 1155STD 16
RFC 1066MIB I
RFC 1156RFC 1098
SNMPv1RFC 1157
STD 15Concise SMIRFC 1212
STD 16
SNMPv1Traps
RFC 1215
RFC 1442
SMIv2RFC 1902
RFC 1443SMIv2 Txt
ConventionsRFC 1903
RFC 1444SMIv2
ConformancesRFC 1904
RFC 1158MIB II
RFC 1213STD 17
RFC 1448SNMPv2
Protocol Ops1905
RFC 1449SNMPv2
Transport Map.RFC 1906
MIB II forSNMPv2
RFC 1907
Figure 4.4 SNMP Document Evolution
Chapter 4
SNMP Model
• Organization Model• Relationship between network element,agent, and manager
• Hierarchical architecture
• Information Model• Uses ASN.1 syntax• SMI (Structure of Management Information• MIB ( Management Information Base)
• Communication Model• Transfer syntax• SNMP over TCP/IP• Communication services addressed by messages• Security framework community-based model
Chapter 4
Two-Tier Organization Model
NetworkElement
SNMPAgent
SNMPManager
NetworkElement
Network Agent
SNMPManager
SNMPManager
(a) One Manager - One Agent Model (b) Multiple Managers - One Agent Model
Chapter 4
Three-Tier Organization Model:RMON
ManagedObjects
SNMPManager
RMONProbe
Chapter 4
Three-Tier Organization Model:Proxy Server
Non-SNMPManagedObjects
SNMP Manager
ProxyServer
SNMPManagedObjects
Chapter 4
System Architecture
SNMP ManagerApplication
Ge
t-R
esp
on
se
Ge
t-R
eq
ue
st
GetN
ext-
Request
Se
t-R
eq
ue
st
Tra
p
SNMP Manager
SNMP
UDP
IP
DLC
PHY
SNMP AgentApplication
Ge
t-R
esp
on
se
Tra
p
SNMP Agent
SNMP
UDP
IP
DLC
PHY
Physical Medium
Figure 4.9 SNMP Network Management Architecture
Manage-mentData
Ge
t-R
eq
ue
st
GetN
ext-
Request
Se
t-R
eq
ue
st
Chapter 4
SNMP Messages• Get-Request
• Sent by manager requesting data from agent
• Get-Next-Request• Sent by manager requesting data on the nextobject to the one specified
• Set-Request• Initializes or changes the value of networkelement
• Get-Response• Agent responds with data for get and set requests from the manager
• Trap• Alarm generated by an agent
Chapter 4
Information
• Structure of Management Information (SMI)(RFC 1155)
• Managed Object• Scalar• Aggregate or tabular object
• Management Information Base (RFC 1213)
Chapter 4
Managed Object
Object
ObjectInstance
ObjectType
Encoding:BER
Syntax:ASN.1
Name:OBJECT
IDENTIFIER
Figure 4.10 Managed Object : Type and Instance
Chapter 4
Managed Object: Multiple Instances
Object
ObjectInstance 3
ObjectType
Encoding:BER
Syntax:ASN.1
Name:OBJECT
IDENTIFIER
Figure 4.11 Managed Object : Type with Multiple Instances
ObjectInstance 2
ObjectInstance 1
Chapter 4
Name
Uniquely defined by• DESCRIPTOR AND• OBJECT IDENTIFIER
i n t e r n e t O B J E C T I D E N T I F I E R : : = { i s o o r g ( 3 ) d o d ( 6 ) 1 } .
i n t e r n e t O B J E C T I D E N T I F I E R : : = { i s o ( 1 ) s t a n d a r d ( 3 ) d o d ( 6 ) i n t e r n e t ( 1 ) }i n t e r n e t O B J E C T I D E N T I F I E R : : = { 1 3 6 1 }i n t e r n e t O B J E C T I D E N T I F I E R : : = { i s o s t a n d a r d d o d i n t e r n e t }i n t e r n e t O B J E C T I D E N T I F I E R : : = { i s o s t a n d a r d d o d ( 6 ) i n t e r n e t ( 1 ) }i n t e r n e t O B J E C T I D E N T I F I E R : : = { i s o ( 1 ) s t a n d a r d ( 3 ) 6 1 }
Chapter 4
Internet Subnodes
mgmt(2)
directory(1)
experimental(3)
private(4)
Internet{1 3 6 1}
Figure 4.13 Subnodes under Internet Node in SNMPv1
Chapter 4
Private MIB Example
enterprises(1)
private(4)
hp(11)
cisco(9)
3Com(43)
Cabletron(52)
Figure 4.14 Private Subtree for Commercial Vendors
Internet{1 3 6 1}
Chapter 4
SNMP ASN.1 Data TypeSNMP ASN.1
Data Type
Definedor
Application
Constructor or
Structured
Simpleor
Primitive
Number
Tag
Structure
Class
Universal Application Context-specific Private
Figure 4.15 SNMP ASN.1 Data Type
Chapter 4
Primitive Data Types
Structure D ata Type C ommentsPrim itive types IN TEG ER Subtype IN TEG ER (n1..nN )
Specia l case: EnumeratedIN TEG ER type
O C TET STR IN G 8-b it bytes b inary and textua l dataSubtypes can be specified bye ither range or fixed
O BJECT ID EN TIF IER O bject position in M IBN U LL Placeho lder
Chapter 4
Enumerated
• Special case of INTEGER data type
e r r o r - s t a t u s I N T E G E R {n o E r r o r ( 0 )t o o B i g ( 1 )g e n E r r ( 5 )a u t h o r i z a t i o n E r r o r ( 1 6 )
}
Chapter 4
Defined or Application Data Type
D e fin e d ty p e s N e tw o rk A d d re s s N o t u s e dIp A d d re s s D o tte d d e c im a l IP a d d re s sC o u n te r W ra p -a ro u n d , n o n -n e g a tiv e
in te g e r , m o n o to n ic a lly in c re a s in g ,m a x 2 ^3 2 -1
G a u g e C a p p e d , n o n -n e g a tiv e in te g e r,in c re a s e o r d e c re a s e
T im e T ic k s N o n -n e g a tiv e in te g e r inh u n d re d th s o f s e c o n d u n its
O p a q u e A p p lic a tio n -w id e a rb itra ry A S N .1s y n ta x , d o u b le w ra p p e d O C T E TS T R IN G
Chapter 4
Constructor or Structured Data Type:SEQUENCE
• List maker
SEQUENCE { <type1>, <type2>,…, <typeN> }
Object OBJECT IDENTIFIER ObjectSyntax1 ipAdEntAddr {ipAddrEntry 1} IpAddress2 ipAdEntIfIndex {ipAddrEntry 2} INTEGER3 ipAdEntNetMask {ipAddrEntry 3} IpAddress4 ipAdEntBcastAddr {ipAddrEntry 4} INTEGER5 ipAdEntReasmMaxSize {ipAddrEntry 5} INTEGER6 ipAddrEntry {ipAddrTable 1} SEQUENCE
L is t : Ip A d d r E n t r y : := S E Q U E N C E {
ip A d E n tA d d r Ip A d d r e s sip A d E n t I f In d e x IN T E G E Rip A d E n tN e tM a s k Ip A d d r e s sip A d E n tB c a s tA d d r IN T E G E Rip A d E n tR e a s m M a x S iz e IN T E G E R ( 0 . .6 5 5 3 5 )
}M a n a g e d O b je c t Ip A d d r E n t r y a s a l is t
Chapter 4
Constructor or Structured Data Type:SEQUENCE OF
Object Name OBJECT IDENTIFIER Syntax7 ipAddrTable {ip 20} SEQUENCE OF
Table: IpAddrTable ::=SEQUENCE OF IpAddrEntry
Managed Object ipAddrTable as a table
SEQUENCE OF <entry> where <entry> is a list constructor
Chapter 4
SEQUENCE OF Example
T it le : S y s te m In f o rm a t io n : r o u te r1 .g a te c h .e d uN a m e o r IP A d d re s s : 1 7 2 .1 6 2 5 2 .1
In d e x In te r f a c e IP a d d re s s N e tw o rk M a s k N e tw o rkA d d re s s
L in k A d d re s s
2 3 L E C .1 .0 1 9 2 .1 6 8 .3 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 9 2 .1 6 8 .3 .0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 B 42 5 L E C .3 .9 1 9 2 .1 6 8 .2 5 2 .1
52 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 9 2 .1 6 8 .2 5 2 .
00 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 B 4
1 3 E th e rn e t2 /0 1 7 2 .1 6 . .4 6 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 7 2 .1 6 . .4 6 .0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A C1 6 E th e rn e t2 /3 1 7 2 .1 6 .4 9 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 7 2 .1 6 .4 9 .0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A F1 7 E th e rn e t2 /4 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 2 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 2 .0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 B 09 E th e rn e t1 /2 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 5 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 5 .0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A 62 E th e rn e t 0 /1 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 6 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 6 .0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 9 D1 5 E th e rn e t2 /2 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 7 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 7 .0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A E8 E th e rn e t1 /1 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 8 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 7 2 .1 6 .5 8 .0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A 51 4 E th e rn e t2 /1 1 7 2 .1 6 .6 0 .1 2 5 5 .2 5 5 .2 5 5 .0 1 7 2 .1 6 .6 0 .0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 C 3 9 2 0 A D
Chapter 4
Encoding
• SNMP Data Types and TagsType TagOBJECT IDENTIFIER UNIVERSAL 6SEQUENCE UNIVERSAL 16IpAddress APPLICATION 0Counter APPLICATION 1Gauge APPLICATION 2TimeTicks APPLICATION 3Opaque APPLICATION 4
00000110 00000011 00101011 00000110 00000001would be the BER for the object identifier {1 3 6 1}Type = 6, length = 3, and the value is {1 3 6 1} where {1 3} is represented by the octet 43 (00101011)
• Basic Encoding Rules (BER)• Tag, Length, and Value (TLV)
Type Length Value
Class(7-8th bits)
P/C(6th bit)
Tag Number(1-5th bits)
Chapter 4
Managed Object: Structure
OBJECT: sysDescr: { system 1 } Syntax: OCTET STRING Definition: "A textual description of the entity. This value should include the full name and version identification of the system's hardware type, software operating-system, and networking software. It is mandatory that this only contain printable ASCII characters." Access: read-only Status: mandatory
Figure 4.17 Specifications for System Description
Chapter 4
O B J E C T - T Y P E M A C R O : : =B E G IN
T Y P E N O T A T IO N : : = “ S Y N T A X ” t y p e ( T Y P E O b je c t S y n t a x )“ A C C E S S ” A c c e s s“ S T A T U S ” S t a t u s
V A L U E N O T A T IO N : : = v a lu e ( V A L U E O b je c t N a m e )
A c c e s s : : = “ r e a d - o n ly ” | “ w r i t e - o n ly ” | “ n o t - a c c e s s ib le ”S t a t u s : : = “ m a n d a t o r y ” | “ o p t io n a l ” | “ o b s o le t e ”
E N D
F i g u r e 4 . 1 8 ( a ) O B J E C T - T Y P E M a c r o [ R F C 1 1 5 5 ]
Managed Object: Macro
4-31
Chapter 4
Aggregate Object
• A group of objects• Also called tabular objects• Can be represented by a table with
• Columns of objects• Rows of instances
Table of Objects
List of Objects
Objects
Chapter 4
Aggregate M.O. Macro:Table Object
ip A d d r T a b le O B J E C T - T Y P E S Y N T A X S E Q U E N C E O F I p A d d r E n t r y A C C E S S n o t - a c c e s s ib le S T A T U S m a n d a t o r y D E S C R I P T I O N " T h e t a b le o f a d d r e s s in g in f o r m a t io n r e le v a n t t o t h is e n t i t y 's I P a d d r e s s e s . " : : = { ip 2 0 }
Chapter 4
Aggregate M.O. Macro:Entry Object
i p A d d r E n t r y O B J E C T - T Y P E S Y N T A X I p A d d r E n t r y A C C E S S n o t - a c c e s s i b l e S T A T U S m a n d a t o r y D E S C R I P T I O N " T h e a d d r e s s i n g i n f o r m a t i o n f o r o n e o f t h i se n t i t y ' s I P a d d r e s s e s . "
I N D E X { i p A d E n t A d d r } : : = { i p A d d r T a b l e 1 }
I p A d d r E n t r y : : = S E Q U E N C E { i p A d E n t A d d r I p A d d r e s s , i p A d E n t I f I n d e x I N T E G E R , i p A d E n t N e t M a s k I p A d d r e s s , i p A d E n t B c a s t A d d r I N T E G E R , i p A d E n t R e a s m M a x S i z e I N T E G E R ( 0 . . 6 5 5 3 5 )
Chapter 4
Aggregate M.O. Macro:Columnar Objects
i p A d E n t A d d r O B J E C T - T Y P E S Y N T A X I p A d d r e s s A C C E S S r e a d - o n l y S T A T U S m a n d a t o r y D E S C R I P T I O N " T h e I P a d d r e s s t o w h i c h t h i s e n t r y ' s a d d r e s s i n g i n f o r m a t i o n p e r t a i n s . "
: : = { i p A d d r E n t r y 1 }
i p A d E n t R e a s m M a x S i z e O B J E C T - T Y P E S Y N T A X I N T E G E R ( 0 . . 6 5 5 3 5 ) A C C E S S r e a d - o n l y S T A T U S m a n d a t o r y D E S C R I P T I O N " T h e s i z e o f t h e l a r g e s t I P d a t a g r a m w h i c h t h i s e n t i t y c a n r e - a s s e m b l e f r o m i n c o m i n g I P f r a g m e n t e d d a t a g r a m s r e c e i v e d o n t h i s i n t e r f a c e . " : : = { i p A d d r E n t r y 5 }
Chapter 4
Tabular Representation ofAggregate Object
TABLET
ENTRYE
COLUMNAROBJECT 1
COLUMNAROBJECT 5
COLUMNAROBJECT 2
COLUMNAROBJECT 3
COLUMNAROBJECT 4
Figure 4.22(a) Multiple Instance Managed Object
Chapter 4
Tabular Representation ofAggregate Object
T
T.E
T.E.1.1 T.E.5.1T.E.2.1 T.E.3.1 T.E.4.1
T.E.1.2 T.E.5.2T.E.2.2 T.E.3.2 T.E.4.2
T.E.1.3 T.E.5.3T.E.2.3 T.E.3.3 T.E.4.3
T.E.1.4 T.E.5.4T.E.2.4 T.E.3.4 T.E.4.4
Figure 4.22(b) Example of 5 Columnar Object with 4 Instances (rows)
Chapter 4
Multiple Instances ofAggregate Managed Object
i p A d d r T a b l e { 1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 }i p A d d r E n t r y ( 1 )
i p A d E n t A d d r ( 1 )i p A d E n t I f I n d e x ( 2 )i p A d E n t N e t M a s k ( 3 )i p A d E n t B c a s t A d d r ( 4 )i p A d E n t R e a s m M a x S i z e ( 5 )
C o l u m n a r o b je c t I D o f i p A d E n t B c a s t A d d r i s ( 1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 . 1 . 4 ) :
i s o o r g d o d i n t e r n e t m g m t m i b i p i p A d d r T a b l e i p A d d r E n t r y i p A d E n t B c a s t A d d r 1 3 6 1 2 1 4 2 0 1 4
F i g u r e 4 . 2 3 ( a ) C o l u m n a r o b j e c t s u n d e r i p A d d r E n t r y
R o w i p A d E n t A d d r i p A d E n t I f I n d e x I p A d E n t N e t M a s k I p A d E n t B c a s t A d d r I p A d E n t R e a s m M a x S i z e
1 1 2 3 . 4 5 . 2 . 1 1 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 0 02 1 2 3 . 4 5 . 3 . 4 3 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 . 0 1 1 2 0 0 03 1 6 5 . 8 . 9 . 2 5 2 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 04 9 . 9 6 . 8 . 1 3 8 4 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 . 0 0 1 5 0 0 0
F i g u r e 4 . 2 3 ( b ) O b j e c t i n s t a n c e s o f i p A d d r T a b l e ( 1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 )
C o l u m n a r O b j e c t R o w # i n ( b ) O b j e c t I d e n t i f i e r
i p A d E n t A d d r1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 . 1 . 1
2 { 1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 . 1 . 1 . 1 2 3 . 4 5 . 3 . 4 }
i p A d E n t I f I n d e x1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 . 1 . 2
3 { 1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 . 1 . 2 . 1 6 5 . 8 . 9 . 2 5 }
i p A d E n t B c a s t A d d r1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 . 1 . 4
1 { 1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 . 1 . 4 . 1 2 3 . 4 5 . 2 . 1 }
I p A d E n t R e a s m M a x S i z e1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 . 1 . 5
4 { 1 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 2 0 . 1 . 5 . 9 . 9 6 . 8 . 1 3 8 }
F i g u r e 4 . 2 3 ( c ) O b j e c t I d f o r s p e c i f i c i n s t a n c e
Chapter 4
SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC
R F C 1 1 5 5 - S M I D E F IN IT IO N S : : = B E G IN
E X P O R T S - - E V E R Y T H IN G i n t e r n e t , d i r e c t o r y , m g m t , e x p e r im e n t a l , p r i v a t e , e n t e r p r i s e s , O B J E C T - T Y P E , O b je c t N a m e , O b je c t S y n t a x , S im p le S y n t a x , A p p l i c a t i o n S y n t a x , N e t w o r k A d d r e s s , I p A d d r e s s , C o u n t e r , G a u g e , T im e T ic k s , O p a q u e ;
- - t h e p a t h t o t h e r o o t
i n t e r n e t O B J E C T ID E N T IF IE R : : = { i s o o r g ( 3 ) d o d ( 6 ) 1 }
d i r e c t o r y O B J E C T ID E N T IF IE R : : = { i n t e r n e t 1 } m g m t O B J E C T ID E N T IF IE R : : = { i n t e r n e t 2 } e x p e r im e n t a l O B J E C T ID E N T IF IE R : : = { i n t e r n e t 3 } p r i v a t e O B J E C T ID E N T IF IE R : : = { i n t e r n e t 4 }
e n t e r p r i s e s O B J E C T ID E N T IF IE R : : = { p r i v a t e 1 }
Chapter 4
SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC
- - d e f in i t io n o f o b je c t t y p e s
O B J E C T - T Y P E M A C R O : := B E G IN T Y P E N O T A T IO N : := " S Y N T A X " t y p e ( T Y P E O b je c tS y n ta x ) " A C C E S S " A c c e s s " S T A T U S " S ta tu s V A L U E N O T A T IO N : := v a lu e ( V A L U E O b je c tN a m e )
A c c e s s : := " r e a d - o n ly " | " r e a d - w r i te " | " w r i te - o n ly " " n o t - a c c e s s ib le " S ta tu s : := " m a n d a to r y " | " o p t io n a l" | " o b s o le te " E N D
Chapter 4
SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC
- - n a m e s o f o b j e c t s i n t h e M I B
O b j e c t N a m e : : = O B J E C T I D E N T I F I E R
- - s y n t a x o f o b j e c t s i n t h e M I B
O b j e c t S y n t a x : : = C H O I C E { s i m p l e S i m p l e S y n t a x ,
a p p l i c a t i o n - w i d e A p p l i c a t i o n S y n t a x }
Chapter 4
SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC S i m p l e S y n t a x : : = C H O I C E { n u m b e r I N T E G E R , s t r i n g O C T E T S T R I N G , o b j e c O B J E C T I D E N T I F I E R , e m p t y N U L L }
A p p l i c a t i o n S y n t a x : : = C H O I C E { a d d r e s s N e t w o r k A d d r e s s , c o u n t e r C o u n t e r , g a u g e G a u g e , t i c k s T i m e T i c k s , a r b i t r a r y O p a q u e - - o t h e r a p p l i c a t i o n - w i d e t y p e s , a s t h e y a r e d e f i n e d , w i l l b e a d d e d h e r e }
4-42
Chapter 4
SMI Definition STD 16 / 1155 RFC
- - a p p l i c a t i o n - w i d e t y p e s
N e t w o r k A d d r e s s : : = C H O I C E { i n t e r n e t I p A d d r e s s } I p A d d r e s s : : = [ A P P L I C A T I O N 0 ] - - i n n e t w o r k - b y t e o r d e r I M P L I C I T O C T E T S T R I N G ( S I Z E ( 4 ) ) C o u n t e r : : = [ A P P L I C A T I O N 1 ] I M P L I C I T I N T E G E R ( 0 . . 4 2 9 4 9 6 7 2 9 5 ) G a u g e : : = [ A P P L I C A T I O N 2 ] I M P L I C I T I N T E G E R ( 0 . . 4 2 9 4 9 6 7 2 9 5 ) T i m e T i c k s : : = [ A P P L I C A T I O N 3 ] I M P L I C I T I N T E G E R ( 0 . . 4 2 9 4 9 6 7 2 9 5 ) O p a q u e : : = [ A P P L I C A T I O N 4 ] - - a r b i t r a r y A S N . 1 v a l u e , I M P L I C I T O C T E T S T R I N G - - " d o u b l e - w r a p p e d "
E N D
Chapter 4
MIB
mgmt(2)
directory(1)
experimental(3)
private(4)
Internet{1 3 6 1}
mib-2(1)
Figure 4.26 Internet MIB-II Group
system (1)interfaces (2)
at (3)ip (4)icmp (5)
snmp (11)transmission (10)
cmot (9)egp (8)
udp (7)tcp (6)
Chapter 4
System Group
sysServices (7)sysLocation (6)
sysDescr (1)
system(mib-2 1)
sysObjectId(2)
sysUpTime (3) sysName (5)
sysContact (4)
Figure 4.27 System Group
E n t i t y O I D D e s c r i p t i o n ( b r i e f )s y s D e s c r s y s t e m 1 T e x t u a l d e s c r i p t i o ns y s O b je c t I D s y s t e m 2 O B J E C T I D E N T I F I E R o f t h e e n t i t ys y s U p T i m e s y s t e m 3 T i m e ( i n h u n d r e d t h s o f a s e c o n d s i n c e l a s t r e s e t )s y s C o n t a c t s y s t e m 4 C o n t a c t p e r s o n f o r t h e n o d es y s N a m e s y s t e m 5 A d m i n i s t r a t i v e n a m e o f t h e s y s t e ms y s L o c a t i o n s y s t e m 6 P h y s i c a l l o c a t i o n o f t h e n o d es y s S e r v i c e s s y s t e m 7 V a l u e d e s i g n a t i n g t h e l a y e r s e r v i c e s p r o v i d e d b y t h e
e n t i t y
Chapter 4
sysServices
s y s S e r v i c e s O B J E C T - T Y P E S Y N T A X I N T E G E R ( 0 . . 1 2 7 ) A C C E S S r e a d - o n l y S T A T U S m a n d a t o r y D E S C R I P T I O N " A v a l u e w h i c h i n d i c a t e s t h e s e t o f s e r v i c e s t h a t t h i s e n t i t y p r i m a r i l y o f f e r s .
T h e v a l u e i s a s u m . T h i s s u m i n i t i a l l y t a k e s t h e v a l u e z e r o , T h e n , f o r e a c h l a y e r , L , i n t h e r a n g e 1 t h r o u g h 7 , t h a t t h i s n o d e p e r f o r m s t r a n s a c t i o n s f o r , 2 r a i s e d t o ( L - 1 ) i s a d d e d t o t h e s u m . F o r e x a m p l e , a n o d e w h i c h p e r f o r m s p r i m a r i l y r o u t i n g f u n c t i o n s w o u l d h a v e a v a l u e o f 4 ( 2 ^ ( 3 - 1 ) ) . I n c o n t r a s t , a n o d e w h i c h i s a h o s t o f f e r i n g a p p l i c a t i o n s e r v i c e s w o u l d h a v e a v a l u e o f 7 2 ( 2 ^ ( 4 - 1 ) + 2 ^ ( 7 - 1 ) ) . N o t e t h a t i n t h e c o n t e x t o f t h e I n t e r n e t s u i t e o f p r o t o c o l s , v a l u e s s h o u l d b e c a l c u l a t e d a c c o r d i n g l y :
l a y e r f u n c t i o n a l i t y 1 p h y s i c a l ( e . g . , r e p e a t e r s ) 2 d a t a l i n k / s u b n e t w o r k ( e . g . , b r i d g e s ) 3 i n t e r n e t ( e . g . , I P g a t e w a y s ) 4 e n d - t o - e n d ( e . g . , I P h o s t s ) 7 a p p l i c a t i o n s ( e . g . , m a i l r e l a y s )
F o r s y s t e m s i n c l u d i n g O S I p r o t o c o l s , l a y e r s 5 a n d 6 m a y a l s o b e c o u n t e d . " : : = { s y s t e m 7 }
Chapter 4
Interfaces Group
Legend: INDEX in bold
ifTable(2)
ifNumber(1)
interfaces(mib-2 2)
ifEntry(1)
Figure 4.28 Interfaces Group
ifIndex (1)ifDescr (2)
ifType (3)ifMtu (4)
ifSpeed (5)ifPhysAddress (6)
ifAdminstatus (7)ifOperStatus (8)
ifLastChange (9)ifInOctets (10)
ifInUcastPkts (11)
ifSpecific (22)ifOutQLen (21)
ifOutErrors (20)ifOutDiscards (19)
ifOutNUcastPkts (18)ifOutUcastPkts (17)
ifOutOctets (16)ifUnknownProtos (15)
ifInErrors (14)ifInDiscards (13)
ifInNUcastPkts (12)
Chapter 4
ifEntry
I f E n t r y O B J E C T - T Y P ES Y N T A X I f E n t r yA C C E S S n o t - a c c e s s i b l eS T A T U S m a n d a t o r yD E S C R I P T I O N
" A n i n t e r f a c e e n t r y c o n t a i n i n go b j e c t s a t t h e s u b n e t w o r k l a y e r a n db e l o w f o r a p a r t i c u l a r i n t e r f a c e . "
I N D E X { i f I n d e x }: : = { i f T a b l e 1 }
• ifEntry specifies the objects in a row in the ifTable• Each interface is defined as a row in the table
Chapter 4
ifType
i f T y p e O B J E C T - T Y P E S Y N T A X I N T E G E R { o t h e r ( 1 ) , - - n o n e o f t h e f o l l o w i n g r e g u l a r 1 8 2 2 ( 2 ) , h d h 1 8 2 2 ( 3 ) , d d n - x 2 5 ( 4 ) , r f c 8 7 7 - x 2 5 ( 5 ) , e t h e r n e t - c s m a c d ( 6 ) , i s o 8 8 0 2 3 - c s m a c d ( 7 ) , i s o 8 8 0 2 4 - t o k e n B u s ( 8 ) , i s o 8 8 0 2 5 - t o k e n R i n g ( 9 ) , i s o 8 8 0 2 6 - m a n ( 1 0 ) , s t a r L a n ( 1 1 ) , p r o t e o n - 1 0 M b i t ( 1 2 ) , p r o t e o n - 8 0 M b i t ( 1 3 ) , h y p e r c h a n n e l ( 1 4 ) , f d d i ( 1 5 ) , l a p b ( 1 6 ) , s d l c ( 1 7 ) , d s 1 ( 1 8 ) , - - T - 1 e 1 ( 1 9 ) , - - e u r o p e a n e q u i v . o f T - 1 b a s i c I S D N ( 2 0 ) , p r i m a r y I S D N ( 2 1 ) , - - p r o p r i e t a r y s e r i a l p r o p P o i n t T o P o i n t S e r i a l ( 2 2 ) , p p p ( 2 3 ) ,
… … … .
Chapter 4
IP Group
ipRoutingDiscards (23)
ip(mib-2 4)
ipForwarding (1)
ipDefaultTTL (2)
ipInReceives (3)
ipInHdrErrors (4)
ipInAddrErrors (5)
ipForwDatagrams (6)ipInUnknownProtos (7)
ipInDiscards (8)
ipInDelivers (9)
ipOutRequests(10)
ipNetToMediaTable (22)
ipRouteTable (21)
ipAddrTable (20)
ipFragCreates (19)
ipFragFails (18)
ipFragOKs (17)
ipReasmFails (16)
ipReasmOKs (15)
ipReasmReqds (14)
ipOutDiscards (11) ipReasmTimeout (13)
ipOutNoRoutes (12)
Figure 4.29 IP Group
Chapter 4
IP Address Table
E n t i t y O I D D e s c r i p t i o n ( b r i e f )i p A d d r T a b l e i p 2 0 T a b l e o f I P a d d r e s s e si p A d d r E n t r y I p A d d r T a b l e 1 O n e o f t h e e n t r i e s i n t h e I P a d d r e s s
t a b l ei p A d E n t A d d r I p A d d r E n t r y 1 T h e I P a d d r e s s t o w h i c h t h i s e n t r y ' s
a d d r e s s i n g i n f o r m a t i o n p e r t a i n si p A d E n t I f I n d e x I p A d d r E n t r y 2 I n d e x v a l u e o f t h e e n t r y , s a m e a s
i f I n d e xi p A d E n t N e t M a s k I p A d d r E n t r y 3 S u b n e t m a s k f o r t h e I P a d d r e s s o f
t h e e n t r yi p A d E n t B c a s t A d d r I p A d d r E n t r y 4 B r o a d c a s t a d d r e s s i n d i c a t o r b i ti p A d E n t R e a s m M a x S i z e I p A d d r E n t r y 5 L a r g e s t I P d a t a g r a m t h a t c a n b e
r e a s s e m b l e d o n t h i s i n t e r f a c e
ipAdEntAddr (1)
ipAddrEntry(ipAddrTable 1)
ipAdEntReasmMaxSize (5)
ipAdEntBcastAddr (4)
Figure 4.30 IP Address Table
ipAddrTable(ip 20)
ipAdEntIfIndex (2)
ipAdEntNetMask(3)
Legend: INDEX in bold
Chapter 4
IP Routing Table
ipRouteEntryipRouteTable (1)
ipRouteDest (1)ipRouteIfIndex (2)
ipRouteMetric1 (3)ipRouteMetric2 (4)
ipRouteMetric3 (5)
ipRouteInfo (13)ipRouteMetric5
(12)ipRouteMask 11)
ipRouteAge (10)ipRouteProto (9)
ipRouteMetric4 (6) ipRouteType (8)ipRouteNextHop (7)
Figure 4.31 IP Routing Table
ipRouteTable(ip 21)
E n t i t y O I D D e s c r i p t i o n ( b r i e f )i p R o u t e T a b l e i p 2 1 I P r o u t i n g t a b l ei p R o u t e E n t r y i p R o u t e T a b l e 1 R o u t e t o a p a r t i c u l a r d e s t i n a t i o ni p R o u t e D e s t i p R o u t e E n t r y 1 D e s t i n a t i o n I P a d d r e s s o f t h i s r o u t ei p R o u t e I f I n d e x i p R o u t e E n t r y 2 I n d e x o f i n t e r f a c e , s a m e a s i f I n d e xi p R o u t e M e t r i c 1 i p R o u t e E n t r y 3 P r i m a r y r o u t i n g m e t r i c f o r t h i s r o u t ei p R o u t e M e t r i c 2 i p R o u t e E n t r y 4 A n a l t e r n a t i v e r o u t i n g m e t r i c f o r t h i s r o u t ei p R o u t e M e t r i c 3 i p R o u t e E n t r y 5 A n a l t e r n a t i v e r o u t i n g m e t r i c f o r t h i s r o u t ei p R o u t e M e t r i c 4 i p R o u t e E n t r y 6 A n a l t e r n a t i v e r o u t i n g m e t r i c f o r t h i s r o u t ei p R o u t e N e x t H o p i p R o u t e E n t r y 7 I P a d d r e s s o f t h e n e x t h o pi p R o u t e T y p e i p R o u t e E n t r y 8 T y p e o f r o u t ei p R o u t e P r o t o i p R o u t e E n t r y 9 R o u t i n g m e c h a n i s m b y w h i c h t h i s r o u t e w a s
l e a r n e di p R o u t e A g e i p R o u t e E n t r y 1 0 N u m b e r o f s e c o n d s s i n c e r o u t i n g w a s l a s t u p d a t e di p R o u t e M a s k i p R o u t e E n t r y 1 1 M a s k t o b e l o g i c a l l y A N D e d w i t h t h e d e s t i n a t i o n
a d d r e s s b e f o r e c o m p a r i n g w i t h t h e i p R o u t e D e s tf i e l d
i p R o u t e M e t r i c 5 i p R o u t e E n t r y 1 2 A n a l t e r n a t i v e m e t r i c f o r t h i s r o u t ei p R o u t e I n f o i p R o u t e E n t r y 1 3 R e f e r e n c e t o M I B d e f i n i t i o n s p e c i f i c t o t h e r o u t i n g
p r o t o c o l
Chapter 4
IP Address Translation Table
ipNetToMediaTable(ip 22)
ipNetToMediaEntry (1)
ipNetToMediaType (4)ipNetToMediaIfIndex (1)
Figure 4.32 IP Address Translation Table
ipNetToMediaPhysAddress (2) ipNetToMediaNetAddress (3)
E n t i t y O I D D e s c r i p t i o n ( b r i e f )i p N e t T o M e d i a T a b l e i p 2 2 T a b l e m a p p i n g I P a d d r e s s e s t o
p h y s i c a l a d d r e s s e si p N e t T o M e d i a E n t r y I p N e t T o M e d i a T a b l e 1 I P a d d r e s s t o p h y s i c a l a d d r e s s
f o r t h e p a r t i c u l a r i n t e r f a c ei p N e t T o M e d i a I f I n d e x I p N e t T o M e d i a E n t r y 1 I n t e r f a c e s o n w h i c h t h i s e n t r y ' s
e q u i v a l e n c e i s e f f e c t i v e ; s a m ea s i f I n d e x
i p N e t T o M e d i a P h y s A d d r e s s I p N e t T o M e d i a E n t r y 2 M e d i a d e p e n d e n t p h y s i c a la d d r e s s
i p N e t T o M e d i a N e t A d d r e s s I p N e t T o M e d i a E n t r y 3 I P a d d r e s si p N e t T o M e d i a T y p e I p N e t T o M e d i a E n t r y 4 T y p e o f m a p p i n g
Chapter 4
ICMP Group
Figure 4.34 ICMP Group
icmp(mib-2 5)
icmpInMsgs (1)icmpInErrors (2)
icmpInDestUnreachs (3)icmpInTimeExcds (4)
icmpInParmProbe (5)icmpInSrcQuenchs (6)
icmpInRedirects (7)icmpInEchos (8)
icmpInEchoReps (9)icmpInTimestamps (10)
icmpInTimestampReps (11)
icmpOutAddrMaskReps (26)icmpOutAddrMasks (25)
icmpOutTimestampReps (24)icmpOutTimestamps (23)icmpOutEchoReps (22)
icmpOutEchos (21)icmpOutRedirects (20)
icmpOutSrcQuenchs (19)icmpOutParmProbe (18)
icmpOutTimeExcds (17)icmpOutDestUnreachs (16)
icmpInAddrMasks (12)icmpInAddrMaskReps (13)
icmpOutErrors (15)icmpInMsgs (14)
• Objects associated with ping• icmpOutEchos # ICMP echo messages sent• icmpInEchoReps # ICMP echo reply messages
received• Objects associated with traceroute/tracert
• icmpInTimeExcs # ICMP time exceeded messages received
Chapter 4
TCP Group
tcp(mib-2 6)
tcpRtoAlgorithm (1)tcpRtoMin (2)
tcpRtoMax (3)tcpMaxConn (4)tcpActiveOpens (5)
tcpOutRsts (15)tcpInErrors (14)
tcpConnTable 13)tcpRetranSegs (12)tcpOutSegs (11)
tcpPassiveOpens (6) tcpInSegs (10)tcpCurrEstab (9)tcpAttemptFails (7)
tcpEstabResets (8)
Figure 4.35 TCP Group
Chapter 4
TCP Connection Table
tcpConnEntry(1)
tcpConnState (1)tcpConnLocalAddress (2)
tcpCommRemPort (5) tcpConnRemAddress(4)
tcpConnLocalPort (3)
tcpConnTable(tcp 13)
Figure 4.36 TCP Connection Table
E n t i t y O I D D e s c r i p t i o n ( b r i e f )
t c p C o n n T a b l e t c p 1 3 T C O c o n n e c t i o n t a b l et c p c o n n E n t r y T c p C o n n T a b l e 1 I n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t a p a r t i c u l a r T C P
c o n n e c t i o nt c p C o n n S t a t e T c p C o n n E n t r y 1 S t a t e o f t h e T C P c o n n e c t i o nt c p C o n n L o c a l A d d r e s s T c p C o n n E n t r y 2 L o c a l I P a d d r e s st c p C o n n L o c a l P o r t T c p C o n n E n t r y 3 L o c a l p o r t n u m b e rt c p C o n n R e m A d d r e s s T c p C o n n E n t r y 4 R e m o t e I P a d d r e s st c p C o n n R e m P o r t T c p C o n n E n t r y 5 R e m o t e p o r t n u m b e r
Chapter 4
UDP Group
udpInDatagrams(1)
udpLocAddress(1)
Figure 4.37 UDP Group
udpNoPorts(2)
udpInErrors(3)
udp(mib-2 7)
udpOutDatagrams(4)
udpTable(5)
udpEntry(1)
udpLocalPort(2)
E n t i t y O I D D e s c r i p t i o n ( b r i e f )u d p I n D a t a g r a m s u d p 1 T o t a l n u m b e r o f d a t a g r a m s d e l i v e r e d t o t h e
u s e r su d p N o P o r t s u d p 2 T o t a l n u m b e r o f r e c e i v e d d a t a g r a m s f o r
w h i c h t h e r e i s n o a p p l i c a t i o nu d p I n E r r o r s u d p 3 N u m b e r o f r e c e i v e d d a t a g r a m s w i t h e r r o r su d p O u t D a t a g r a m s u d p 4 T o t a l n u m b e r o f d a t a g r a m s s e n tu d p T a b l e u d p 5 U D P L i s t e n e r t a b l eu d p E n t r y u d p T a b l e 1 I n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t a p a r t i c u l a r c o n n e c t i o n o r
U D P l i s t e n e ru d p L o c a l A d d r e s s u d p E n t r y 1 L o c a l I P a d d r e s su d p L o c a l P o r t u d p E n t r y 2 L o c a l U D P p o r t
Chapter 4